Professional Documents
Culture Documents
COMMUNICATION
Channels of Communication
No overlapping of information
Semantic Barrier :
Semantic Barrier :
Organisational Barrier:
Organisational Barrier:
Cross-cultural/Geographic Barriers
Words, colors & symbols have different meanings
in different cultures.
Differences in values , behaviour & social
relationships lead barriers in communication
Cross language barriers could result in poor
communication
Barriers to Communication
Physical Barriers
Noise is disturbance which occurs in transmission
process like the sound of typewriter.
Environment like unpleasant temperature, lighting,
room size, arrangement of seatings
Defects in the devices used for transmitting
communication (like telephone )could disrupt
communication.
Measures to overcome barriers
in Communication
Fostering good relationships
Purposeful & well focused communication
Good co-ordination between employer & subordinates.
Avoid technical language
Minimise selective perception through proper feedback
There should be proper division of labour
Use proper communication channel
Clear, easy to implement organisation goals & policies
which should be to the advantage of everyone
ENGLISH
GRAMMAR
ENGLISH GRAMMMAR
PARTS OF SPEECH
Words are divided into different kinds or
classes called Parts of Speech, according to
their use in a sentence. Parts of speech are
5. Noun – used as name of a person, place or thing.
Nouns are divided into
Common noun eg. girl, dog, child, house, tree
Proper noun eg. Kalidas, India
Abstract noun eg. happiness, bravery,strength
Collective noun eg. mob, fleet, bouquet
ENGLISH GRAMMMAR
PARTS OF SPEECH
Assertive sentences
eg. Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall.
Interrogative sentences
eg. Where do you live?
Imperative sentences
eg. Be quiet. Have mercy upon us.
Exclamatory sentences
eg. How cold the night is!
ENGLISH GRAMMMAR
ACTIVE VOICE & PASSIVE VOICE
3. Positive degree
eg. Sweet
2. Comparative degree
eg. sweeter
7. Superlative degree
eg. sweetest
ENGLISH GRAMMMAR
DEGREES OF COMPARISON
For following words add more & most to the positive to make it comparative &
superlative
Positive Comparative Superlative
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
difficult more difficult most difficult
industrious
courageous
fortunate
famous
modern
foolish
recent
useful
hopeless
boring
ENGLISH GRAMMMAR
IRREGULAR COMPARISON
10. When singular subject is joined by “with”, “as well as”, then use
singular verb
eg. The house with its contents was insured.
Silver as well as cotton has fallen in price.
ENGLISH GRAMMMAR
SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT