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Gulrajani
Main Components
Disperse Dyes
1. Modification of Cellulose Acetate Dyes 2. Dyes Developed for Polyester 3. Rapid Dyeing Dyes For On-tone Dyeing 4. Dyes for Automotive Fabrics > Light Fastness 5. Dyes for Sports Wear High Wash Fastness
1990
Dispersol PC Dye
Dianix AC-E Dyes Mitsubishi Compact System ICI C.I. Disperse Red 60 C.I. Disperse Blue 56 3-4 medium energy dyes
Disperse Red 60
Disperse Yellow 86
Coralene XF
EN471:2003
Some workers who may use high visibility clothing are: Traffic controllers Train shunters Crane chasers Track workers Road workers Coumarin Derivatives Dianix Luminous, Coralene Lumin. Ground crews Emergency service personnel
Blue 2RP
Black GLM
Non-stable
Stable
Stable
C. I. Disperse Yellow 77
C. I. Disperse Yellow 58
Specialty Chemicals
1. Dispersing Agents 2. Leveling Agent 3. Colour Yield Improving Agent 4. Oligomer controlling Agent
5. Antifoaming Agent
6. pH Controlling Agent
Dispersing Agents
Lignin Sulphonates
Dye Dispersion
Dye Molecules
Dye Aggregate
Dispersing Agents
Dispersing Agents
Gemini Surfactants
Gemini surfactants possess at least two hydrophobic chains and two ionic or polar groups
Propanediyl-,-bis (dimethyldodecylammonium bromide)
Surfactant Bilayers
Water
30 A
Water
Aggregation in water
Aqueous interior
Deliver dyes to the Release dyes at the desired area target area
Dye Molecules
Dyeing Procedures
Rapid Dyeing Processes
Suproma Sandoz -1969 Resolin S Bayer 1970 Palegal Process BASF 1973 Desk KP System Nippon Kayaku 1975 Mitsuis MRD Process 1977 Sodyeco & Comodye System 1979 Compact System ICI - 980 Palanil High Speed System 1983 Classical Optimisation Systems These systems were computerised Isothermal Dyeing System Rapid Color Process Hoechst Blind Dyeing
Dyeing Procedures
1300C Diffusion and Migration Stage 600C 0 Sorption Stage 35-40 Cooling Stage 100-160
Cooling Stage
Ts
TE
No substantivity, Soluble
Aftertreatment of polyester fabric dyed with temporarily solubilised disperse dyes, W J Lee and J P Kim, JSDC,116 (2000) 345
Polyurea microcapsules prepared by using disperse dyes as core material and diphenlmethane -4,4 diisocyanate as wall material when dyed on polyester at high temperature completely exhaust in the absence of auxiliary chemicals such as dispersants etc. hence this method is considered as an eco-friendly method
Dyeing polyester with microencapsulated disperse dyes in the absences of auxiliaries, Zhong Yi, et al., Color. Technology, 121 (2005) 76
SCFE Dyeing
Supercritical carbon dioxide is an alternative dyeing technology that eliminates the use of water while achieving results comparable to current dyeing processes. Supercritical CO2 is harmless ecologically, available, non-toxic and nonexplosive. When placed above the critical point (31.1C and 73 atm) CO2 becomes a remarkable solvent for many natural and synthetic dyes. The dye solution in the supercritical CO2 is carried to the fiber to be dyed. Under certain conditions, the gas-like diffusion of supercritical CO2 disperses the dye evenly into the small pores and crevices of the fiber.
Dyeing Conditions
Insoluble Pigment
Hydrogen bonding
UREA
Hydrogen bonding
Solubilising effect
Swelling effect
Indigo adsorption properties to polyester fibers of different levels of fineness, Young-A. S et al., Dyes and Pigments 65 (2005) 137
Dyeing Machines
VENTRURA
Dyeing Machines
Dyeing Machines
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