Sinalizao de Canal Comum

Objetivos
Depois desta sesso de treinamento, o participante dever estar apto a: Explicar sem consultas a referncias ou a qualquer nota, o que sinalizao e listar os diferentes tipos de sinalizao. Desenhar uma figura do stack do protocolo CCS7 presente em um MSCi DX 200 sem referncia a nenhuma nota. Listar quais dos protocolos desenhados anteriormente so necessrios para os seguintes elementos de rede: PSTN, HLR, BSC, NMS-FE Listar as unidades de sinalizao usadas para CCS7 . Explicar os significado das seguintes abreviaturas e tambm para que so usadas: SP, OP, DP, SEP, STP; SPC, OPC, DPC, SL, SLN, SLC; SLS, SR, SRS; CIC; NA0, NA1, IN0, IN1 Liste os passos para criar a rede de sinalizao nvel MTP com referncia somente lista feita pelo pargrafo anterior, dos objetivos.

Signalling and speech in a GSM network

HLR

PSTN

MSC BTS MS

SIGNALLING SPEECH

BSC

MSC

PCM structure with signalling link

PCM 1 PCM 2 PCM 3 PCM 4 PCM 5 PCM 6 (for example: 6 PCMs) 1 signalling link (64 kbit/s channel) time slots for speech time slots for speech

000102

151617

293031

time

000102

151617

293031

signalling for PCM 1 to 6

PCM 1

PCM 5
4

Routing of the signalling message is independent from call routing

HLR

PSTN

MSC BTS MS

signalling message for call X

call X BSC

MSC

MSC

Differences between CAS and CCS7

CAS One time slot for signalling in each PCM. Signalling always in time slot 16. One signalling time slot per 30 speech connections of the same PCM. Circuit-related signalling sent at certain moment is associated to a fixed speech TSL in the same PCM. CCS7 None, one or more signalling time slots per PCM. Signalling in any time slot, except TSL 0. One signalling time slot per about 500 - 1000 speech connections of any PCM. Circuit-related signalling is associated to a speech connection of any PCM and is sent only when needed.

Non-circuit related signalling impossible.

Non-circuit related signalling possible.

No message structure, no error detection and correction, fixed bit patterns.

No identification of sender and receiver other than time of sending and PCM, thus no call independent routing.

Standardised message structure with error detection and correction.

Identification of sender, receiver and circuit within the message allows call independent routing.

4 bits per signalling pattern. Continuously equal quantity of signalling per each speech connection.

Variable message length up to several hundred octets. Signalling only when needed and then with full capacity of the whole signalling link.

The OSI reference model and CCS7

OSI Reference Model 7 Application layer 6 Presentation layer 5 Session layer 4 Transport layer 3 Network layer 2 Data link layer 1 Physical layer
7

CCITT Common Channel Signalling No 7

User Part (level 4)

MTP (levels 1-3)

The CCS7 protocol stack in GSM systems

Users of CCS7 (Applications using the stack to send data) OSI Layers: TC User (e.g. OMAP) 7 Transaction Capabilities (TC) LEVEL 4 4-6 Sign. Connection Contr. Part (SCCP) LEVEL 4

ISDN User Part (ISUP)

Telephone User Part (TUP)

Data User Part (DUP)

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 4

2 1

Message Transfer Part (MTP) LEVEL 1-3

Message routing and distribution

User Parts or SCCP

incoming msg.

SNM SNT

look at the SIO

Which protocol to forward message to?

MTP
no

look at the SCP

Own address = address of receiver?

yes

Which neighbour to send message to?

transfer msg.

Message including SPCs of sender and receiver and SIO

outgoing msg.

The protocol stack in a DX 200 MSC

MAP INAP TCAP

TUP/ ISUP

BSSAP

CLNS

SCCP

CONS

MTP

10

Signalling terminals
Plug-in Unit handles ... signalling links Pre-processor

AS7-S

10 MHz, 80186

AS7-U

20 MHz, 80286

AS7-V

16

33 MHz, 80486

AS7-A

16

133 MHz, 486DX5

11

CCS7 signalling units

Network Element Network Signalling Unit

MSC (Mobile Switching Centre) BSC (Base Station Controller) HLR (Home Location Register) MSCi (Mobile Switching Centre) HLRi (Home Location Register) Compact MSCi (Mobile Switching Centre) Transit MSCi (Mobile Switching Centre) DX210 (small PSTN exchange) DX220 (PSTN exchange) MTX (Mobile Telephone Exchange) DXT (Digital Exchange for TETRA)

GSM

CCSU and BSU

GSM GSM GSM

BCSU CCSU CCSU and BSU

GSM GSM

CCSU GSU and BSU

GSM PSTN PSTN NMT PMR

CCSU CAC CCSU CCSU CM or CCC

12

CCSU (or BSU) with two AS7-U signalling terminals

CCSR-S

MB0 MBIF-T 0 MBIF-T 1 AS7-U 0 AFS-S AS7-U 1 CP486 MB0

13

02 07 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 77 82 87 92 97

MB1

MB1

CP523-A C4314

GHJKL 8745

12453

CCSU equipment in a CC3C-A cartridge

C4314

CPU
J6 J7 D RA M DBG RST S CS I CPCI R UN OP R SB E Rx WO E Tx OL LF TE AP

DPCM
C4314
OP R

C4314

GHJKL 8745

12453

MBIF 1 MBIF 0
7
AP

DPCM
C4314

C4314

GHJKL 8745

12453

DPCM
C4314

C4314

GHJKL 8745

12453

AS7 2
AP

DPCM
C4314

C4314

GHJKL 8745

12453

AS7 1
AP

DPCM
C4314

C4314

GHJKL 8745

12453

AS7 0
GHJKL 8745 12453

C4314

OP R

PSC6

O FF

ON

PSC6-A C4314

10

14

The CCS7 signalling units of the DX 200 HLR / HLRi

ET ET GSW

CCSU
15

CP523-A C4314 GHJKL 8745 12453

C4314

BSU equipment in a CC4C-A cartridge

J6

J7

DRAM

DB G

RS T

C P CI

S CSI

RUN

OP R

S B

E Rx

W O

E Tx

LF

A P

OL

TE

DPCM C4314 GHJKL 8745 12453

C4314
OP R

MBIF 1 MBIF 0
A P

DPCM C4314 GHJKL 8745 12453

C4314

DPCM C4314 GHJKL 8745 12453

C4314

AS7 2
A P

DPCM C4314 GHJKL 8745 12453

C4314

AS7 1
A P

DPCM C4314 GHJKL 8745 12453

C4314

AS7 0
OP R

C4314

PSC6

O FF

ON

PSC6-A C4314 GHJKL 8745 12453

CPU

16

The CCS7 signalling units of the DX 200 MSC/VLR

ET

ET ET GSW ECU ECU ET ET PSTN HLR

BSC

ET

BSU

CCSU
17

BCSU with three AS7-U signalling terminals

BCSU cartridge

MBIF-T 0

MBIF-T 1

AS7-U 0

AS7-U 1

AS7-U 2

CP486

PSC3

18

The CCS7 signalling units of the DX 200 BSC

MSC ET ET GSW ET BTS

BCSU

19

The CCMU in a MCWR subrack can be found in bigger MSCs

MCWR-S

CH4HX/CP4HL or CP4C32

MB0 MB0

MBIF-T/U 0

MBIF-T/U 1

02 07 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 77 82 87 92 97
20

MB1

MB1

Signalling Point types

SEP

STP

SEP

21

Circuit-related signalling message

.....

C I C

S I O

D P C

O P C

22

Common channel signalling in time slot

Signalling in TSL 64-4

64

95 96 97 98

NE1

65 66 67

NE2

All speech time slots handled by TSL 64-4

23

Signalling link definitions in an MSC

<ZNCI; DX 200 MSC03 1998-09-13 09:30:45 INTERROGATING SIGNALLING LINK DATA TERM LOG PARAM
LINK LINK SET PCM-TSL UNIT TERM FUNCT UNIT TERM SET -

LOG

-------

---------

-------88-01 90-01 80-16 65-01 81-16 66-01

-----------------1 3 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4041H 4042H 4131H 4041H 4132H 4041H

---------1 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 16 HLR01 1 16 HLR01 2 17 BSC01 3 18 PSTN1 4 19 BSC02 5 20 PSTN2 COMMAND EXECUTED

CCSU-2 CCSU-0 BSU-2 CCSU-2 BSU-1 CCSU-2

24

Legend LINK LINK SET signalling link number number and name of the signalling link set which the link is assigned to (see next chapter) external PCM number and time slot of the link type and index of the signalling unit handling the link index of the signalling terminal (automatically assigned) ordering number of the link within a multichannel terminal (automatically assigned, e.g. AS7-U: 0 through 3) internal unit identification (automatically assigned) ordering number of the link within a signalling unit (automatically assigned)

PCM-TSL UNIT TERM TERM FUNCT

LOG UNIT LOG TERM

PARAM SET

number of the selected signalling link parameter set

25

Signalling Link Set definitions in an MSC

<ZNSI:NA0; EXECUTION STARTED DX 200 MSC03 1998-09-13 09:30:55 INTERROGATING SIGNALLING LINK SET DATA NET SP CODE H/D LINK SET LS STATE LINK SLC PRIO --- ------------------ -------- ------------NA0 0020/00032 18 PSTN1 AV 3 0 0 NA0 0064/00100 20 PSTN2 UA 5 0 0 LINK TEST NOT ALLOWED NA0 0320/00800 17 BSC01 AV 2 0 0 NA0 0384/00900 16 HLR01 AV 0 0 0 1 1 0 NA0 044C/01100 19 BSC02 UA 4 0 0 COMMAND EXECUTED

26

Legend NET POINT H/D Signalling network the SLS is defined for SPC of the neighbour node in hexadecimal and decimal format

LINK SET LS STATE

Name and number of the SLS defined State of the SLS (AV: available, UA: unavailable); as soon as at least one link is active, the SLS automatically becomes available

LINK SLC PRIO

Signalling link number (internal identification) Signalling link code (external identification) Priority (max. 0, min. 15) of signalling link within link set

27

Signalling Link Sets

SLS from NE1 to NE2 (defined in NE1)

SLS from NE2 to NE1 (defined in NE2)

64

95 96 97 98

NE1

65 66 67

NE2

= Signalling Link (TSL dedicated to signalling) = PCM

Signalling Link is included in neither SLS it is not used in the same signalling network or not at all

28

SLN same at both ends? value range not necessarily HLR, MSC: BSC: 0..99

SLC yes 0..299 0..15

Usage

Internally

In messages

29

Signalling Route (SR) and Signalling Route Set (SRS)

SLS from OP to STP (as defined in OP)

STP

SRS containing all possible routes (neighbours) to reach DP from OP (as defined in OP)

OP

DP

SLS from OP to DP (as defined in OP)

30

Signalling Route Set definitions in an MSC

<ZNRI:NA0; DX 200 MSC03 1998-09-13 09:31:05 INTERROGATING SIGNALLING POINT DATA NET SP CODE H/D NAME RS STATE PAR SET --- ------------ ------- -------- --------NA0 0020/00032 PSTN1 AV 0 LOAD SHARING BETWEEN SIGNALLING ROUTES DENIED ROUTES: SP CODE H/D NAME STATE PRIO ----------------------- ---NA0 0020/00032 PSTN1 AV-EX 7 NA0 0064/00100 PSTN2 AV-SP 6 NET SP CODE H/D NAME RS STATE PAR SET --- ------------ ------- -------- --------NA0 0064/00100 PSTN2 AV 0 LOAD SHARING BETWEEN SIGNALLING ROUTES DENIED ROUTES: SP CODE H/D NAME STATE PRIO ----------------------- ---NA0 0064/00100 PSTN2 AV-EX 7 NA0 0020/00032 PSTN1 AV-SP 6 NET SP CODE H/D NAME RS STATE PAR SET --- ------------ ------- -------- --------NA0 0320/00800 BSC01 AV 1 LOAD SHARING BETWEEN SIGNALLING ROUTES DENIED ROUTES: SP CODE H/D NAME STATE PRIO ----------------------- ---NA0 0320/00800 BSC01 AV-EX 0

31

Legend ROUTE SET DATA NET SP CODE H/D NAME RS STATE Identification of the destination Signalling network the SRS is defined for. DPC (destination point code) in hex and decimal format. Name given for the destination in the local system. State of the SRS (explained below); as soon as at least one route is available, the SRS automatically becomes available.

PAR SET

Number of the selected SRS parameter set. (1 = A interface) When creating the route set, the sharing of the signalling load among all routes of that route set can be allowed or denied; several notes can be output here.

info line

ROUTE DATA SP CODE H/D NAME STATE

Identification of the neighbour STPC (transfer point code) in hex and decimal format. Name given for the neighbour in the local system. State of the SR (explained below) as manually set with MML.

PRIO

Priority of the route (max. 7, min. 0) within the route set; unless load sharing is agreed and there is more than one route with the highest priority, the route with the highest priority carries the traffic.

32

Legend (cont.) POINT DATA NET SP CODE H/D SP NAME SP TYPE Identification of the own signalling point Signalling network the own SP is defined in. Own SPC in hex and decimal format. Own name as given locally. Indicates if the own SP is created as an end point (SEP) or a transfer point (STP). Indicates the used signalling standard: mainly if the SPC is composed according to CCITT rules (14bit SPC), ANSI or CHINA standards (both 24 bit SPC).

SS7 STAND

SUBFIELD INFO

Tells about the grouping of the SPC bits into max 3 groups (subfields) and how many bits per subgroup are allocated.

33

National signalling networks (NA0 and NA1)

100 operator A operator B 110 100 120 260 SPC in NA0 operator C

250

270 290

301

280

300 302

Country A

NA0

34

100

NA1
NA0:100 NA1:120

operator A operator B

110 100 100 SPC in NA1 200 operator C

NA0:290 NA1:290

NA1 NA0
NA0:101 NA1:100

280

300 200

Country A

NA1

35

SPC=400 SPC=100 SPC=300 SPC=500 SPC=200 SPC=200

NA1

NA0

SPC=100

MSC3

BSC31 BSC21

MSC1 MSC2 BSC22

36

The international signalling networks (IN0 and IN1)

COUNTRY A

NA0

NA0

COUNTRY B

NA0:SPC=100

NA0:SPC=200

NA0:SPC=200 IN0:SPC=100

NA0:SPC=100 IN0:SPC=200

NA0:SPC=2300

IN0

37

Signalling Link States and Substates

AV-EX - Available-executing -Link is working normally. UA-AD - Unavailable-activation denied -Operator has taken the link out of use and has denied the activation. UA-TST - Unavailable-testing User has started a data link test and only test traffic can be transferred by the link, while no signalling traffic is allowed. UA-INU - Unavailable-deactivated by user Operator has taken the link out of use. To activate the link use command NLC. UA-INS - Unavailable-deactivated by system System has taken the link out of use. Link has not completed the initial alignment or the signalling link test procedure successfully. UA-BLU - Unavailable-blocked by user User has blocked the signalling link. UA-BLR - Unavailable-blocked by remote exchange Remote end exchange has blocked the signalling link, or there is a processor outage condition at remote end. UA-BLB - Unavailable-blocked by user and remote exchange The signalling link has been blocked at both ends.

38

UA-IBL - Unavailable-inhibited local User has inhibited the link. UA-IBR - Unavailable-inhibited remote Remote end has inhibited the link. UA-IBB -Unavailable-inhibited local and remote The signalling link is inhibited at both ends. UA-INU-IBL - Unavailable-deactivated by user-inhibited local User has deactivated and inhibited the signalling link. UA-INU-IBR - Unavailable-deactivated by user-inhibited remote User has deactivated and the remote end has inhibited the signalling link. UA-INU-IBB - Unavailable-deactivated by user-inhibited local and remote User has deactivated and inhibited and the remote end has inhibited the signalling link. UA-INS-IBL - Unavailable-deactivated by system-inhibited local System has deactivated and user has inhibited the signalling link. UA-INS-IBR - Unavailable-deactivated by system-inhibited remote System has deactivated and remote end has inhibited the signalling link. UA-INS-IBB - Unavailable-deactivated by system-inhibited local and remote System has deactivated and user has inhibited the signalling link at both ends. UA-BLU-IBL - Unavailable-blocked by user-inhibited local User has blocked and inhibited the signalling link. UA-BLU-IBR - Unavailable-blocked by user-inhibited remote User has blocked and remote end has inhibited the signalling link. UA-BLU-IBB - Unavailable-blocked by user-inhibited local and remote User has blocked the signalling link and the signalling link is inhibited at both ends.
39

UA-BLR-IBL - Unavailable-blocked by remote exchange-inhibited local The signalling link is blocked at remote end and user has inhibited the signalling link. UA-BLR-IBR - Unavailable-blocked by remote exchange-inhibited remote The signalling link is blocked and inhibited at remote end. UA-BLR-IBB - Unavailable-blocked by remote exchange-inhibited local and remote The signalling link is blocked at remote end and inhibited by user at both ends. UA-BLB-IBL - Unavailable-blocked by user and remote exchange-inhibited local User has blocked and inhibited the signalling link and the remote end has blocked the signalling link. UA-BLB-IBR - Unavailable-blocked by user and remote exchange-inhibited remote User has blocked the signalling link and the signalling link is blocked and inhibited at remote end. UA-BLB-IBB - Unavailable-blocked by user and remote exchange-inhibited local and remote The signalling link is blocked and inhibited at both ends.

40

Signalling Route States and Substates

AV-EX - Available-executing The signalling route is transferring signalling traffic. AV-SP - Available-spare The signalling route does not transfer signalling traffic but can be taken into use. UA-INU - Unavailable-deactivated by user User has deactivated the route. UA-INS - Unavailable-deactivated by system The system has deactivated the route. UA-INR - Unavailable-deactivated by remote exchange The remote end has deactivated the route. UA-AD - Unavailable-activation denied Activation of the route is denied. AR-EX - Available but restricted-executing The signalling route has received a "transfer restricted" message from the transfer point, which lowers the priority of the route. AR-SP - Available but restricted-spare Same as above for a spare route.

41