You are on page 1of 27

Tripartite 2009 Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Ian Harrison Intercargo Technical Manager

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Introduction Operational and Regulatory Challenges Design Challenges Examples: Cargo Residues Excessive Loading Rates IMSBC Code

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

MARPOL Annex V (Garbage) and Cargo Residues Definitions Cargo Residue is defined as garbage in guidelines Cargo hold washing water not defined although interpreted as garbage Requirements Must be discharged when greater than 12 nm from shore Cannot be discharged in a special area Special Areas a Problem Bulk carriers generally not design to handle washing water Adequate port reception facilities for washing water

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

MARPOL Annex V (Garbage) and Cargo Residues Recent special areas Gulfs Area became effective in August 2008 Mediterranean Area became effective May 2009 Reception Facilities in Special Areas (Gulf and Med) PRF must be in place before special area becomes effective MEPC 59 Intercargo and BIMCO paper Circular issued (MEPC.1/Circ. 675) Next steps Continuation of review of Annex V Possible IMSBC Code reference to discharge requirements?

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Design Issues Handling hold washing water

Can be problematic
Holding tanks Pumps large particles Cargo properties Coatings (PSPC?) Ballast water management systems

Hold cleaning systems Possible treatment systems

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Design Issues

Images courtesy of EMS Ship Supply

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Design Issues

Courtesy of EMS Ship Supply

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Bulk Carrier Loading Rates Terminal requirements Buoyant market queuing optimising loading Ponta da Madeira - Brazil
16 000 t/hr Minimum ballast 14 hr turnaround

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Intercargo Survey Key Findings:

85% of masters indicated that they considered such a rate of loading to be beyond the safe operational limits of their vessel:
Manoeuvrability Hull structure Two thirds of respondents stated they had concerns with regard to structural stresses if loading at such a rate.

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Validation of Masters Views Manoeuvrability Study BMT SeaTech


Concurred with Masters opinion

ABS study
Confirmed many risks

Submission of paper to IMO MSC 84 (MSC 84/INF.8)


Referred to DSC 13 Considered by Correspondence Group reviewing BLU Code Reports to DSC 14 next week

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Outcome of Correspondence Group Reports to DSC 14 (DSC 14/7)

Proposes an MSC Circular providing guidance:


Time taken for loading Arrival Condition Loading sequence During loading Consequences of failure to apply BLU Code
IACS Recommendation 46

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Design Issues De-ballasting capacity

Typically two 2000-2500 M3/hr pumps (4000-5000 M3/hr total)


Should this be increased? Pump size Power requirements Piping systems (water and air) BWM treatment systems

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Information IACS UR S1A

Sample sequences often not realistic


Information provision should be reviewed

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

IMSBC Code (formally BC Code) Revised and updated Voluntary from Jan 2009 Mandatory from Jan 2011 New Schedules
DRI Sulphur (formed)

DSC 14 (next week)


Coal and hot areas DRI Survey and certification

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) What is it? Iron Ore Pellets subjected to a reducing gas in a reactor Oxygen chemically removed Fe content increased from ~65% to ~85% Pellets then formed cold or hot moulded

What are the dangers? Process is reversible Fe re-oxidises Oxidisation releases energy as heat possible thermal runaway Hydrogen also liberated

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Picture courtesy of Burgoynes

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Picture courtesy of Burgoynes

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Picture courtesy of Burgoynes

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

IMSBC Code: Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) DRI (A) Briquettes, hot moulded
Monitoring requirements

DRI (B) Lumps, pellets, cold-moulded briquettes


Moisture <0.3% Hold must be inerted Monitoring requirements

DRI (C) By products


Moisture <0.3% Hold must be inerted Monitoring requirements

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Picture courtesy of Burgoynes

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Picture courtesy of Burgoynes

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Picture courtesy of Burgoynes

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Picture courtesy of Burgoynes

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Picture courtesy of Burgoynes

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Design Issues DRI an extreme example


Are bulk carrier designed to carry DRI?

Do we design bulk carriers around cargoes? Are we ready for a mandatory IMSBC Code?

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Conclusions
Operational and Regulatory Challenges Design Challenges

Design and regulatory (& rule) development needs to consider:


Operational environment loading rates example Cargo properties DRI example Feedback from designers MARPOL Annex V example Co-operation of all parties Ships that are safe and fit for purpose

Design Issues for Bulk Carriers

Thank you

You might also like