Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A. Agricultural Concerns
Federal & State Environmental Laws
Individuals responsible for cost for livestock enterprises 200,000 hens, 1,200 head of cattle in a feedlot, 10,500 hogs may produce as much waste as 20,000 people.
D. Federal Regulations
Federal Water Quality Act of 1965 Refuse Act of 1899 Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965 Federal Clean Air Act
E. State Regulations
Most states have some type of environmental protection agency Enforce State & Federal regulations Nuisance Laws
May include odors, dust, chemicals, water pollution, animal noises, carcass disposal, etc
F. Water Pollutants
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) EPA monitors
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Fecal Coliform Fecal Streptococcus Suspended Solids Phosphorus Ammonia
Fertilizer Usage Nutrient Content Factors Length of time in storage Method of treatment Amount and type of bedding used Amount of dilution by water entering the system
Classification of Facilities Confined Open Lot Lot and Shelter Enclosed Shelter Unconfined Pasture Range
Agronomic Nitrogen Rate Available Nitrogen per unit of yield necessary to produce a given crop Varies with species Varies with ration fed Varies with method of collection and storage Phosphorus Requirements
H. Disposing of Manure
Spread on land All solid systems All liquid systems except lagoons Valuable as fertilizers
Environmental Considerations
Must be incorporated or injected in the soils Do not apply to frozen or snow cover land Do not apply immediately before or after a rainstorm to to saturated land
Do not apply to grass waterways Do not apply within 200 feet of surface waters or within 150 feet of a well Reduce the amount applied if there is a high water table present or if soil is highly permeable
Debris basins catch run off from pens Holding ponds temporary storage for runoff Disposal collect and use for irrigation or allow to evaporate
Gases dangerous to people and livestock in poorly ventilated or confinement areas Odors may cause neighbors to take legal action against the farmer
Chemical and Bacterial culture Masking agents Cover up odors Counteractants Attempt to neutralize odors
Deodorants Chemicals that kill the bacteria that cause odor Digestive deodorants Create a digestive process to eliminate odor
F. Livestock Laws
Animal Trespass Owner Liability
Damage to property
Estray
Domestic Animal of Unknown ownership running at large
Animals On Highways May cause traffic accidents Owner Liability Usually negligence must be proven
Revised 2/1/2001