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Contents
Introduction Benefits of FRC Toughening Mechanism Factor affecting the properties of FRC Comparison of Mix Proportion of FRC and Plain Concrete Type of fibers Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) Structural behavior & Durability of SFRC
References
Benefits of FRC
Main role of fibers is to bridge the cracks that develop in concrete and increase the ductility of concrete elements. Improvement on Post-Cracking behavior of concrete Imparts more resistance to Impact load controls plastic shrinkage cracking and drying shrinkage cracking Lowers the permeability of concrete matrix and thus reduce the bleeding of water
Toughening mechanism
Toughness is ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing. It can also be defined as resistance to fracture of a material when stressed.
Contd.
Contd.
Source: P.K. Mehta and P.J.M. Monteiro, Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials, Third Edition, Fourth Reprint 2011
Volume of fiber
Low volume fraction (less than 1%)
Used in slab and pavement that have large exposed surface leading to high shrinkage cracking Moderate volume fraction(between 1 and 2 percent) Used in Construction method such as Shortcrete & in Structures which requires improved capacity against delamination, spalling & fatigue
Contd.
Source: P.K. Mehta and P.J.M. Monteiro, Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials, Third Edition, Fourth Reprint 2011
Orientation of fibers
Aligned in the direction of load Aligned in the direction perpendicular to load Randomly distribution of fibers It is observed that fibers aligned parallel to applied load offered more tensile strength and toughness than randomly distributed or perpendicular fibers.
Comparison of Mix Proportion between Plain Concrete and Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Material Cement Water (W/C=0.45) Fine aggregate Coarse aggregate Fibers (2% by volume) Plain concrete 446 201 854 682 -Fiber reinforced concrete 519 234 761 608 157
The 14-days flexural strength, 8 Mpa, of the fiber reinforced was about 20% higher than that of plain concrete.
Source: Adapted from Hanna, A.N., PCA Report RD 049.01P, Portland cement Association, Skokie, IL, 1977
Asbestos fibers
Carbon fibers and Other Natural fibers
Contd.
Type of fiber Tensile strength (Mpa) Youngs modulus (x103Mpa) Ultimate elongation (%)
0.5-35 ~25
Steel Polypropylene
275-2757 551-690
200 3.45
Glass
Nylon
1034-3792
758-827
~69
4.14
1.5-3.5
16-20
Source: ACI Committee 544, Report 544.IR-82, Concr. Int., Vol. 4, No. 5, p. 11, 1982
Ref: Abid A. Shah, Y. Ribakov, Recent trends in steel fibered high-strength concrete, Elsevier, Materials and Design 32 (2011), pp 41224151
Ref: Abid A. Shah, Y. Ribakov, Recent trends in steel fibered high-strength concrete, Elsevier, Materials and Design 32 (2011), pp 41224151
Ref: K.Srinivasa Rao, S.Rakesh kumar, A.Laxmi Narayana, Comparison of Performance of Standard Concrete and Fibre Reinforced Standard Concrete Exposed To Elevated Temperatures, American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER), e-ISSN: 2320-0847 p-ISSN : 2320-0936, Volume-02, Issue-03, 2013, pp-20-26
Contd.
Ref: K.Srinivasa Rao, S.Rakesh kumar, A.Laxmi Narayana, Comparison of Performance of Standard Concrete and Fibre Reinforced Standard Concrete Exposed To Elevated Temperatures, American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER), e-ISSN: 2320-0847 p-ISSN : 2320-0936, Volume-02, Issue-03, 2013, pp-20-26
Durability
Resistance against Sea water (In 3% NaCl by weight of water)
Maximum loss in compressive strength obtained was about 3.84% for non-fibered concrete and 2.53% for fibered concrete
Conclusion
The total energy absorbed in fiber as measured by the area under the load-deflection curve is at least 10 to 40 times higher for fiber-reinforced concrete than that of plain concrete. Addition of fiber to conventionally reinforced beams increased the fatigue life and decreased the crack width under fatigue loading. At elevated temperature SFRC have more strength both in compression and tension.
References
K.Srinivasa Rao, S.Rakesh kumar, A.Laxmi Narayana, Comparison of Performance of Standard Concrete and Fibre Reinforced Standard Concrete Exposed To Elevated Temperatures, American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER), e-ISSN: 2320-0847 p-ISSN : 2320-0936, Volume-02, Issue03, 2013, pp-20-26 Abid A. Shah, Y. Ribakov, Recent trends in steel fibered highstrength concrete, Elsevier, Materials and Design 32 (2011), pp 41224151 ACI Committee 544. 1990. State-of-the-Art Report on Fiber Reinforced Concrete.ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 5, American Concrete Institute, Detroit,MI, 22 pp
Contd.
P.K. Mehta and P.J.M. Monteiro, Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials, Third Edition, Fourth Reprint 2011, pp 502-522 ACI Committee 544, Report 544.IR-82, Concr. Int., Vol. 4, No. 5, p. 11, 1982
Hanna, A.N., PCA Report RD 049.01P, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL, 1977
Ezio Cadoni ,Alberto Meda ,Giovanni A. Plizzari, Tensile behaviour of FRC under high strain-rate,RILEM, Materials and Structures (2009) 42:12831294 Marco di Prisco, Giovanni Plizzari, Lucie Vandewalle, Fiber Reinforced Concrete: New Design Prespectives, RILEM, Materials and Structures (2009) 42:1261-1281