A Seminar on Wind Energy and India

INDEX


1. Introduction
2. Wind energy in India
3. Wind energy mechanism
4. Conclusion



INTRODUCTION
1.
Renewable Energy

Renewable energy comes from natural resources and it is not
exhausted with time.
This form of energy doesnt pollute environment.
It is also called green energy or clean energy.

Why Renewable ?
Fast depleting fossile fuels.
Nuclear energy can't be 100% safe proofed after the Japan
Incidence.
Global climate change threatens the economy, national
security and the global warming.
Kyoto Protocol, which calls for industrialized nations to take
the lead in reducing greenhouse gas emissions



Kyoto Agreement Global Status
Countries Signed & ratified
Countries Signed & not yet ratified
Countries , not yet decided
Countries , no intention of signing
Types of Renewable Resources
Wind Power
Tidal Power
Solar energy
Hydroelectricity
Geothermal
Biomass
Biofuel
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Defining Wind Power
Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful
form of energy, such as electricity, using wind turbines

Wind energy systems convert the kinetic energy to more useful
forms of power

Wind energy continues to be the fastest growing Renewable
Energy Source with worldwide wind power installed capacity
reaching 318,137 MW

Five nations China, USA, Germany, Spain, India and EU
account for 80% of the worlds installed wind energy capacity

Comparison
Fossil Fuel
Have to be procured &
made usable through
laborious & environmentally
damaging process
Limited in reserves,
expected to be exhausted
in coming 60 years

Transportation required, for
further processing exposing
environment to danger






Wind Energy
Usable as it exists



Inexhaustible


Use where it is available





Why Wind Energy ?
Most viable & largest renewable energy resource
Plentiful power source
Widely distributed & clean
Can get started with as small as 100-200 W
Produces no green house gas emissions
No raw materials & fuels required
No pollution
No hassles of disposal of waste
Quick returns
Good alternative for conventional power plants





WIND ENERGY IN INDIA
2.
Wind Power In India
The development of wind power in India began in the 1990s, and has
significantly increased in the last few years. The "Indian Wind Turbine
Manufacturers Association (IWTMA) has played a leading role in promoting
wind energy in India

As of 2013 the installed capacity of wind power in India was more than
21,210 MW

Wind power accounts for 10% of India's total installed power capacity.

India Wind Power
Density Map
State
Gross
potential
(MW)
Installed
capacity
(MW)
Andhra Pradesh 8275 471.45
Gujarat 9675 3196.58
Karnataka 6620 2148.9
Kerala 875 54.8
Madhya Pradesh 5500 395
Maharashtra 3650 3107.45
Orissa 1700 2
Rajasthan 5400 2721.2
Tamil Nadu 9050 7162.88
West Bengal 450 2
Total (All India) 51195 21220
State Wise Wind Power Potential In India
Wind Power Potential In India
India ranks 5
th
in wind installation in the world

Is at par with World in terms of manufacturing facilities & technologies

Public sectors coming forward for investment

Wind power potential in the country Is more than 50000MW

Present production is 21220 MW

Ministry of new & Renewable Energy targets an addition of 11000MW in 12
th

five year plan

Plan Objective is to attract new & large independent power producers to wind
sector.






Central Govt. Incentives
80 per cent accelerated depreciation on wind farm equipment/devices

10 years tax holiday for wind farms

Custom duty exemption (Notification No. 21/2002-custom dated 01-03-2002)

Excise duty exemption (Notification No. 6/2002- Central Excise and
amendments Thereof)

20% additional depreciation under new plant and machinery

Under RGGVY scheme 90% subsidy in case of rural electrification through
renewable energy.


3.
WIND ENERGY MECHANISM
Types of Wind Turbine
(Based on no. of Blades)
Most common design is the three-bladed turbine. The most important reason
is the stability of the turbine. A rotor with an odd number of rotor blades (and
at least three blades) can be considered to be similar to a disc when
calculating the dynamic properties of the machine.
A rotor with an even number of blades will give stability problems for a
machine with a stiff structure. The reason is that at the very moment when
the uppermost blade bends backwards, because it gets the maximum power
from the wind, the lowermost blade passes into the wind shade in front of the
tower.


Types of Wind Turbine
(Based on axis of rotation)

Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT)
Horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT)


VAWT
VAWT(Contd)
All the Electrical Equipments and gear mechanism are
placed in the ground
Lower starting torque
Difficulty in mounting the turbine
Difference in wind speed
Unwanted fluctuations in the power output


VAWT(Contd)

HAWT
All the Electrical Equipments and gear mechanism are
placed behind the rotor at the top of the tower
Increased the rotation speed
Operates for wider range of wind speeds
Most of the wind turbines are of HA type.


HAWT(Contd)
A Typical HAWT
A Typical HAWT(Contd)
HAWT Mechanism
Rotor
Technical Parameters
Rated Power
(KW) 9 / 10 15 20 - 25 50
Rated Wind speed
(m/sec)
12 12 12 12
Number of Blades 2 2 2 3
Rotor dia
(Met) 6.5 9.5 12 18
Swept area (Sq
met) 30 58 113 226
Blade material
Epoxy / Glass
Fiber
Epoxy / Glass
Fiber
Epoxy/Glass
Fiber
Epoxy / Glass
Fiber
Blade weight (approx)
(KGs) 44 64 80 122
Type of Generator
Permanent
Magnet
Permanent
Magnet
Permanent
Magnet
Permanent
Magnet
Transmission Drive direct Direct drive Direct drive
Geared / Direct
drive
Tower
Fixed / Tilting
Tower
Fixed / Tilting
Tower
Fixed / Tilting
Tower Fixed
Type of Hub Fixed pitch Fixed pitch Fixed pitch Fixed pitch
Rotor speed at rated wind
speed (rpm)
150 100 108 250
Cut-in wind speed (m/sec) 2.5 2.5 3 3
Cut-off wind speed
(m/sec)
25 25 25 25
Control system PLC based PLC based PLC based PLC based
Approx Nacelle weight
(KGs)
700 1000 1400 2000
Annual Energy output
KWH (@ 6m/s)
23,000 38,500 64,000 1,28,000
CONCLUSION
4.
Go for Wind Energy and have a
greener, brighter & safer tomorrow
Just dont blow the future

Thank You !!