Irwan Haribudiman, S.Par., M.Sc.

Program Studi Manajemen Bisnis Wisata

Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Bandung

Tourist Area Life Cycle
&
Creativity

Two Things which cannot be
separated
Chapter Outline
Tourist Area Life Cycle
A tourist destination is a city, town resort or area the
economy of which is dependent to a significant extent
on the revenues accruing from it
The destination is a grouping of products not one
Destinations like products experience life cycles


Adapted
From :
Tourist Area Life Cycle
Adapted
From :
Butler 1980

Figure 1 Hypothetical Evolution of a Tourist Area (Adapted from Miller and Gallucci, 2004)
TALC Phases
Exploration And Involvement
Exploration
The new tourist product/s is introduced
A small number of visitors start coming
Involvement
Identifiable tourist season begins to emerge
Visitor numbers start building
Impacts start to become apparent

Adapted
From :
Development and Consolidation
Phases
Development
Public policy and investment is required if
destination is to sustain continuing development

Consolidation
Visitor numbers continue to increase
Tourist services are provided by large national or
international companies
Local operators still play a role
Adapted
From :
Stagnation & Decline Phases
Stagnation
Critical point decisions have to be made
Visitor numbers peak
Visitors attracted by familiarity and extensive facilities
Promotion is needed
Adaptation of products and markets
Decline Or?
Visitor numbers fall
Move down market
More promotion to meet capacity
Decline or rejuvenation?

Adapted
From :
Weakness of TALC Model
It is a resort model (not really specifics)
Progress through the life cycle is not inevitable
Places are not natural organisms need not die
Adapted
From :
Host Community
As destinations go through a life cycle so to do the
host community

http://flickr.com/photos/foxspain/3293845578/
Adapted
From :
Irridex Model Doxey 1975
Irridex Model Doxey 1975
Euphoria, kedatangan wisatawan diterima dengan baik
dengan sejuta harapan dan perencanaan yang masih
sedikit.
Apathy, masyarakat menerima wisatawan sebagai
sesuatu yang lumrah, dan hubungannya didominasi
oleh hubungan komersial. (biasanya menjadi lebih
formal)
Annoyance, titik kejenuhan hampir tercapai, masyarakat
mulai terganggu dengan kehadiran wisatawan.
(biasanya pemerintah membatasi pertumbuhan
infrastruktur dibanding carrying capacity for tourist)
Antagonism, masyarakat secara terbuka menunjukkan
ketidak senangannya, dan melihat wisatawan sebagai
sumber masalah.
Adapted
From :
Case Study

Tadi Penjelasan di Area (wilayah)
Spontaneous VS Enclave
Adapted
From :