STATES OF MATTER

Alma Bella U. Guevara

MATTER IS GENERALLY CONSIDERED
TO BE ANYTHING THAT HAS
MASS AND VOLUME
SOLIDS
particles of solids are tightly packed.
have definite shape and volume.

LIQUID





Particles of liquids are tightly
packed, but are far enough apart to
slide over one another.
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a
definite volume.
GAS
Particles of gases are very far apart
and move freely.

Gases have an indefinite shape and
an indefinite volume.

But what happens if you raise the
temperature to super-high
levels
between
1000C and 1,000,000,000C ?
Will everything
just be a gas?
PLASMA
A plasma is an
ionized gas.
A plasma is a very
good conductor of
electricity and is
affected by
magnetic fields.
Plasmas, like gases
have an indefinite
shape and an
indefinite volume.
Plasma is the
common state
of matter
Property Gas Plasma
Electrical conductivity
Very low: Air is an excellent insulator until it
breaks down into plasma at electric field
strengths above 30 kilovolts per
centimeter.
[14]

Usually very high: For many purposes, the
conductivity of a plasma may be treated as
infinite.
Independently acting
species
One: All gas particles behave in a
similar way, influenced
by gravity and by collisions with
one another.
Two or
three: Electrons, ions, protons and neutrons ca
n be distinguished by the sign and value of
their charge so that they behave
independently in many circumstances, with
different bulk velocities and temperatures,
allowing phenomena such as new types
of waves and instabilities.
Velocity distribution
Maxwellian: Collisions usually lead to a
Maxwellian velocity distribution of all
gas particles, with very few relatively
fast particles.
Often non-Maxwellian: Collisional
interactions are often weak in hot
plasmas and external forcing can drive
the plasma far from local equilibrium and
lead to a significant population of
unusually fast particles.
Interactions
Binary: Two-particle collisions are the
rule, three-body collisions extremely
rare.
Collective: Waves, or organized motion
of plasma, are very important because
the particles can interact at long ranges
through the electric and magnetic forces.
Common forms of plasma
Artificially produced Terrestrial plasmas Space and astrophysicalplasmas
Those found in plasma displays,
including TVs
Inside fluorescent lamps (low
energy lighting), neon signs
[4]

Rocket exhaust and ion thrusters
The area in front of
a spacecraft'sheat shield during re-
entry into theatmosphere
Inside a corona
discharge ozonegenerator
Fusion energy research
The electric arc in an arc lamp, an
arc welder or plasma torch
Plasma ball (sometimes called a
plasma sphere or plasma globe)
Arcs produced by Tesla
coils(resonant air core transformer
or disruptor coil that produces arcs
similar to lightning, but
withalternating current rather
than static electricity)
Plasmas used in semiconductor
device
fabrication including reactive-ion
etching, sputtering, surface
cleaning and plasma-enhanced
chemical vapor deposition
Laser-produced plasmas (LPP),
found when high power lasers
interact with materials.
Inductively coupled plasmas (ICP),
formed typically in argon gas for
optical emission spectroscopy or
mass spectrometry
Magnetically induced plasmas
(MIP), typically produced using
microwaves as a resonant coupling
method
Lightning
St. Elmo's fire
Upper-
atmospheric
lightning
The ionosphere
The polar
aurorae
Some extremely
hotflames
[citation
needed]

The Sun and
other stars
(plasmas heated
bynuclear fusion)
The solar wind
The interplanetary
medium
(space between
planets)
The interstellar
medium
(space between star
systems)
The Intergalactic
medium
(space between
galaxies)
The Io-Jupiter flux tube
Accretion discs
Interstellar nebulae
Some places where
plasmas are found
1. Flames
2. Lightning
3. Aurora (Northern Lights)

STATES OF MATTER
SOLID
LIQUID
GAS
PLASMA
Tightly packed, in
a regular pattern
Vibrate, but do not
move from place
to place
Close together
with no regular
arrangement.
Vibrate, move
about, and slide
past each other
Well separated
with no regular
arrangement.
Vibrate and move
freely at high
speeds
Has no definite
volume or shape
and is composed
of electrical
charged particles
Thank You
For Listening
STATES OF MATTER

List the solids, liquids , gases and plasma in each picture.



Answer key:

Solid= people, clothes, fried chicken, sandwich,
dog, bottle, cans, fruits, spread sheet,
dipper,shoes,spoon,plates,lunch box, hat,rubber
shoes,egg shell,buttons,belt,earring mountain,
grasses, incandescent bulb
Liquid= juice, soda, wine

Gas= air outside, air in the balloon, carbon
dioxide
Plasma= pulsars, lightning, x-ray and
incandescent light