ANATOMI REPRODUKSI

WANITA
ALIA ANDRIANY

S2 BIOMEDIK FISIOLOGI
PROGRAM PASCASARJANA
UNHAS
Female reproductive system
The female reproductive
organs, or genitalia, are divided
into external and internal
organs.
External genitalia (vulva)
The external genitalia are
known collectively as the
vulva
It consists of the mons pubic,
labia majora and labia minora,
the clitoris, the vaginal orifice,
the vestibule, and breasts
Labia majora
These are the two large folds
forming the boundary of the
vulva.
They are composed of skin,
fibrous tissue and fat and
contain large numbers of
sebaceous glands.
Anteriorly the folds join in front
of the symphysis pubis, and
posteriorly they merge with the
skin of the perineum.
At puberty, hair grows on the
mons pubis and on the lateral
surfaces of the labia majora.
Labia minora
These are two smaller
folds of skin between the
labia majora, containing
numerous sebaceous
glands.
The cleft between the labia
minora is the vestibule.
covered with smooth,
hairless skin

Clitoris
The clitoris
corresponds to the
penis in the male
and contains
sensory nerve
endings and erectile
tissue.

Hymen
The hymen is a thin
layer of mucous
membrane that
partially occludes the
opening of the vagina.
It is normally
incomplete to allow
for passage of
menstrual flow.
Vestibule & Vestibular glands

The vagina, urethra and ducts of the
greater vestibular glands open into the
vestibule.
The vestibular glands (Bartholin's
glands) are situated one on each side near
the vaginal opening
They secrete mucus that keeps the vulva
moist.
Perineum
The perineum is the area
extending from the base of
the labia minora to the
anal canal.
It is roughly triangular
and consists of connective
tissue, muscle and fat.
An episiotomy is an incision
of the perinium used during
childbirth for widening the
vaginal opening
UNIT 3: FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 10
PERINEUM
A. Organs of sexual arousal
B. Contain mammary glands
C. Each breast contain 15-25
clusters called lobes
D. Each lobule is connected by
ducts that open into the
nipples
E. The nipples are made up of
erectile tissue
F. The pigmented around the
nipples are called the areola
BREAST
22-48
Organs of Female Reproductive System
Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Vagina
The Ovaries
UNIT 3: FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 15
OVARIES
The female gonads or sex glands
They develop and expel an ovum each month
A woman is born with approximately 400,000 immature
eggs called follicles
During a lifetime a woman release @ 400 to 500 fully
matured eggs for fertilization
The follicles in the ovaries produce the female sex
hormones, progesterone and estrogen
These hormones prepare the uterus for implantation of the
fertilized egg
Oogenesis
OOGENESIS
Also called ovum production
Begins before birth
Accelerates at puberty
Ends at menopause

VIDEO
UNIT 3: FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 19
Serve as a pathway for the ovum to the uterus
Are the site of fertilization by the male sperm
Often referred to as the oviducts or uterine tubes
Fertilized egg takes approximately 6 to 10 days to
travel through the fallopian tube to implant in the
uterine lining



UTERINE TUBE

Uterus
The uterus is a hollow muscular
pear-shaped organ, flattened
anteroposteriorly.
It lies in the pelvic cavity
between the urinary bladder and
the rectum.
When the body is upright, the
uterus lies in an almost
horizontal position.
It is about 7.5 cm long, 5 cm
wide and its walls are about 2.5
cm thick. It weighs from 30 to
40 grams.
The parts of the uterus are the
fundus, body and cervix:
UNIT 3: FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 23
VAGINA
The vagina connects the cervix to the external genitals
It is located between the bladder and rectum
It functions :
As a passageway for the menstrual flow
For uterine secretions to pass down through the introitus
As the birth canal during labor
With the help of two Bartholins glands becomes
lubricated during SI

Response Sexual Cycle
Excitement phase
Plateau Phase
Orgasm Phase
Resolution Phase

Master & Johnson
Female Sexual Response Cycle
Erection of Clitoris
Sexual Response (cont.)



Fig. 6.6a Major changes in the external female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
Sexual Response (cont.)



Fig. 6.6b Major changes in the external female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
Sexual Response (cont.)



Fig. 6.6c Major changes in the external female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
Sexual Response (cont.)



Fig. 6.6d Major changes in the external female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
Sexual Response (cont.)



Fig. 6.6e Major changes in the external female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
Sexual Response (cont.)



Fig. 6.7a Major changes in the internal female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
Sexual Response (cont.)



Fig. 6.7b Major changes in the internal female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
Sexual Response (cont.)



Fig. 6.7c Major changes in the internal female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
Sexual Response (cont.)



Fig. 6.7d Major changes in the internal female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
Sexual Response (cont.)



Fig. 6.7e Major changes in the internal female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.8 Changes in the breasts during the sexual response cycle.
Some general physiologic
responses
Blood pressure: elevation of 30-80 mm Hg
Heart rate: elevation to 110-180/min
Vasocongestion (both skin and deep tissues)
Respiration: elevation to over 40/min
Anal sphincter contractions
Muscle contractions (esp. hands and feet)
Orgasm
THANKS FOR THE
ATTENTION