A presentation talking about Seismic Response Analysis on A Very Tall Building Considering Damper Devices with the data from response analysis of simple model of Osaka Prefecture Government Sakishima Building on 2011 Tohoku Earthquake.
Advisers: Associate Professor Yukihide Kajita and Assistant Professor Joon-Ho Choi
Original Title
Seismic Response Analysis on A Very Tall Building Considering Damper Devices
A presentation talking about Seismic Response Analysis on A Very Tall Building Considering Damper Devices with the data from response analysis of simple model of Osaka Prefecture Government Sakishima Building on 2011 Tohoku Earthquake.
Advisers: Associate Professor Yukihide Kajita and Assistant Professor Joon-Ho Choi
A presentation talking about Seismic Response Analysis on A Very Tall Building Considering Damper Devices with the data from response analysis of simple model of Osaka Prefecture Government Sakishima Building on 2011 Tohoku Earthquake.
Advisers: Associate Professor Yukihide Kajita and Assistant Professor Joon-Ho Choi
Adviser: Associate Professor Yukihide Kajita Overview 1. Introduction Sakishima Building 2011 Tohoku Earthquake 2. Experiment Analytical Model Objective Cases 3. Results 4. Analysis 5. Conclusion Introduction [Osaka Prefecture Government Sakishima Building] About 700km Epicenter Introduction [Osaka Prefecture Government Sakishima Building] A very tall building Tallest Building in Osaka. Second tallest building in Japan (after Yokohama Landmark Tower). Fourth tallest building in Japan (after Tokyo Sky Tree, Tokyo Tower, and Yokohama Landmark Tower) Location: Suminoe ku, Osaka city. Introduction [Osaka Prefecture Government Sakishima Building] Details: Finished at 1995 55 stories and topped by a sky lobby (56) Height: 256 meters (840 feet) Area: 11,000 m Function: Osaka Prefectural Government office, trade offices for numerous companies, center of trade information, museum, restaurants, observation deck, conference rooms
Introduction [Osaka Prefecture Government Sakishima Building] Damage Report: Some interior material and fire-retarding doors are damaged. Some people are trapped temporarily in 4 elevators. From the results of the visual examination and the ultrasonic flaw detection of the beam and column members, the structural soundness of the building frame is confirmed. Introduction [Pacific Coast Tohoku Earthquake 2011] Time: March 11 th 2011 Magnitude: 9.0 Mw (Moment Magnitude Scale) Epicenter: approximately 70 km east of the Oshika Peninsula of Tohoku. Hypocenter: approximately 30 km (underwater). Tsunami Height: 40.5 m (max). Main destruction: Sendai and Fukushima Area. Effect: 15,833 deaths, 6,145 injured, and 2,671 people missing across twenty prefectures. 129,225 buildings totally collapsed, 254,204 buildings 'half collapsed', and another 691,766 buildings partially damaged.
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 -2000 -1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 -40 -20 0 20 40 0.1 1 10 0.1 1 10 100 1000 0.1 1 10 0.1 1 10 100 1000 Sendai Max=1517gal Osaka Max=34gal A c c e l e r a t i o n
( c m / s 2 )
A c c e l e r a t i o n
( c m / s 2 )
Time (sec) Time (sec) Period of the seismic wave (sec) F o u r i e r
a m p l i t u d e
( c m / s )
Period of the seismic wave (sec) F o u r i e r
a m p l i t u d e
( c m / s )
Observed Ground Acc record Fourier spectrum 0.1 1 10 1 10 100 1000 10000 0.1 1 10 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.1 1 10 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 D i s p l a c e m e n t
( c m )
A c c e l e r a t i o n
( c m / s 2 )
Damping constant h=0.05 Sendai Osaka Osaka Sendai Period of the structure (sec) Period of the structure (sec) Period of the seismic wave (sec) Fourier spectrum F o u r i e r
a m p l i t u d e
( c m / s )
4 7 5 7 5 7 Experiment [Analytical Model] 112 degrees of freedom model 1 st natural period 5 sec through 7.8 sec mass: constant stiffness: variable The 1 st natural period of this model for short/ long side direction: 6.5 sec / 7.0 sec The analytical model by the design company Experiment [Objective and Cases] Case Damper(s) Location 1 0 - (Without Damper) 2 38 (@k=1000) Top of the Building (37 th 56 th floor) 3 38 (@k=1000) Bottom of the Building (1 st 20 th floor) 4 38 (@k=1000) Real Location in the Real Building (8 th 27 th floor) 5 38 (@k=1000) Middle part of the Building (18 th 27 th floor) 6 38 (@k=2500) Real Location in the Real Building (8 th 27 th floor) Putting oil damper (energy absorber device) is used to minimalize the response displacement by changing the mechanical energy into heat energy.
In this analysis, the dampers dont absorb the energy, however, decrease the natural period.
However, the money is limited to put the dampers in every floor. Which one of these cases is the most effective way? Results [case 1 Without Damper] 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 M a x i m u m
D i s p l a c e m e n t
( c m )
Natural period of the modeled building (sec) Response Displacement on The 56th Floor Osaka Sendai 1 st
Period 4.9 5.2 5.4 5.7 6.1 6.5 7.1 7.8 2 nd
Period 0.79 0.83 0.87 0.92 0.97 1.04 1.13 1.25 Observed record: 137cm Results [case 1 Without Damper] 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 M a x i m u m
A c c e l e r a t i o n
( c m / s 2 )
Natural period of the modeled building (sec) Osaka 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 M a x i m u m
A c c e l e r a t i o n
( c m / s 2 )
Natural period of the modeled building (sec) Response Acceleration on The 56th Floor Osaka Sendai enlargement Results [case 2 With Dampers (Top)] Earthquake Resp. Disp (cm) Resp. Acc (cm/s2) Osaka 112.47 106.00 Sendai 56.23 846.74 1 st natural period 6.54 sec Top of the Building (37 th 56 th floor) 38 dampers (@k=1000) Earthquake R. Disp (cm) R. Acc (cm/s2) Osaka - 0.01 0 Sendai - 0.51 0.63 on The 56th Floor Results [case 3 With Dampers (Bottom)] Earthquake Resp. Disp (cm) Resp. Acc (cm/s2) Osaka 111.72 106.21 Sendai 56.58 855.76 1 st natural period 6.49 sec Bottom of the Building (1 st 20 th floor) 38 dampers (@k=1000) Earthquake R. Disp (cm) R. Acc (cm/s2) Osaka - 0.76 0.21 Sendai 0.30 9.65 on The 56th Floor Results [case 4 With Dampers (Real Location)] Earthquake Resp. Disp (cm) Resp. Acc (cm/s2) Osaka 112.33 106.45 Sendai 56.41 852.69 1 st natural period 6.51 sec Real Location in the Building (8 th 27 th floor) 38 dampers (@k=1000) Earthquake R. Disp (cm) R. Acc (cm/s2) Osaka - 0.15 0.45 Sendai 0.13 6.58 on The 56th Floor Results [case 5 With Dampers (Middle)] Earthquake Resp. Disp (cm) Resp. Acc (cm/s2) Osaka 112.50 106.22 Sendai 56.24 859.22 1 st natural period 6.53 sec Middle Part of the Building (18 th 37 th floor) 38 dampers (@k=1000) Earthquake R. Disp (cm) R. Acc (cm/s2) Osaka 0.02 0.22 Sendai - 0.36 13.11 on The 56th Floor Results [case 6 With Rigid Dampers (Real Location)] Earthquake Resp. Disp (cm) Resp. Acc (cm/s2) Osaka 110.20 105.22 Sendai 56.87 862.15 1 st natural period 6.46 sec Real Location in the Building (8 th 27 th floor) 38 dampers (@k=2500) Earthquake R. Disp (cm) R. Acc (cm/s2) Osaka - 2.28 -0.78 Sendai 0.60 15.39 on The 56th Floor Analysis [Natural Period] Natural period (T) of the building defined by = 2
, mass (m) = constant, stiffness (k) =
changing
Installing the dampers make the building become more rigid therefore add the stiffness of the building. Respectively will decrease the natural period. Higher k Lower T Analysis [Natural Period] 6.5465 6.5459 6.494 6.5142 6.5334 6.4676 6.42 6.44 6.46 6.48 6.5 6.52 6.54 6.56 Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 N a t u r a l
P e r i o d
( s )
Analysis [Osaka Case] Analysis [Sendai Case] Analysis [Response Displacement] 112.48 112.47 111.72 112.33 112.5 110.2 109 109.5 110 110.5 111 111.5 112 112.5 113 Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 R e s p o n s e
D i s p l a c e m e n t
a t
5 6 t h
f l o o r
( c m )
56.279 56.228 56.584 56.409 56.243 56.877 55.8 56 56.2 56.4 56.6 56.8 57 Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Osaka Sendai Conclusion 1. Vibration Difference Sendai (short period wave) floors move to different directions short response displacement high response acceleration Osaka (long period wave) all floors move to the same direction high response displacement low response acceleration Conclusion 2. Location of the dampers Same number of dampers with the same stiffness in different location may differently influence the whole building stiffness. k1 < k2 < k5 < k4 < k3 The whole building stiffness is the one who determine the natural period of the building. T3 < T4 < T5 < T2 < T1
Conclusion 3. Response Displacement The whole building stiffness is changing, thus, the response displacement is also changing. In this analysis, case 3 is the best case, since it reduces the largest amount of displacement. Conclusion 4. More Accurate Calculation Since the damper can not absorb energy, the results of the experiment shows that the case 3 is the best location to put the damper. However in the real condition, when the oil damper absorb the mechanic energy and change it into heat energy, the results may change. case 4 (as calculated by the construction company) THANK YOU VERY MUCH