Anatomy II

Head & Neck

BY:
DR.Yahya Alfarra

CANADIAN BOARD IN DENTISTRY


Parotid region
Parotid gland ::
Size : its the largest salivary
gland & its compose of serous
acini.
Shape : its wedge shaped ,
Site & extension : it lies
between the ramus of Md. &
SCM
It extends :
Upward: to zygomatic arch
Downward: to angle of Md.
Anteriorly: to cover part of
masseter ms.
Posteriorly: to overlap SCM

Parotid duct(stensons duct)
Length : 5 cm long

Beginning : at the
ant. Border of the
gland

End: by opening
into the oral cavity
opposite the upper
2
nd
molar tooth

Opens in the oral cavity
opposite to the second
upper molar tooth.

Blood supply of P.G
Arterial supply : small branches from ECA
inside the gland
Venous drainage: into retromandibular V.

Lymphatic drainage : into deep & superficial
parotid lymph node

Nerve supply of parotid :Sensory :
great auricualr N. auriculotemporal N.


Superficial temporal artery
Temporal region
Temporal fossa
Infratemporal fossa
MuSclE OF mastications
Temporal fossa
Boundaries :
Sup. Temporal line above
Zygonatic arch.below
Frontal process of zygomatic
bone.ant.
Contents(attachments):
2 superficial Ms of mastications
Muscles :
a) temporalis Ms. b) masseter Ms
Nerves :
a ) deep temporal N.
b)auriculotemporal N.
Vesseles: superficial temporal A.
Infratemporal fossa
Boundaries:
Anteriorly: post. Surface of maxilla
Posteriorly : styloid & mastoid
process
Medially: lateral pterygoid plate
Laterally : coronoid process &
ramus of Md.
Contents:
Muscles : 2 deep Ms of
Mastications
a) medial pterygoid Ms. b ) lateral
pterygoid m.
Nerves: a ) Md. N. b ) chorda
tympani c ) Mx. N.
Vesseles : a ) Mx. A. b )
pterygoid plexus of viens
Muscles of mastications
Lateral
Pterygoid
Medial
pterygoiod
temporalis Masseter
Arise by 2
head
a)Upper
head(infratem
poral
surfaceof
greater wing
of sphenoid )
b) Lower
head(lat.
Surface of lat.
Pterygoid
plate)
Arise by 2 head
a)superficial
head(Mx.tubero
sity)
b) Deep
head(med.
Surface of lat.
Pterygoid
plate)
Floor of
temporal
fossa
?
origin
Front of
neck of
Md. &
articular
disc of
T.M.J
Med. Surface of
angle of Md.
?. Lateral
(outer)surface
of ramus of
Md.
Insertion
Muscles of mastications
Lateral
Pterygoid
Medial
pterygoiod
temporalis Masseter
Depress Md.
Elevate Md.

Elevate Md. Elevate Md.
To occlude
teeth in
mastication
Action
Anterior
division of
mandibular
nerve
? Anterior
division of
mandibular
nerve
Anterior
division of
mandibular
nerve
Nerve
supply
Submandibualr region
Definition: its the regoin between Md. & hyoid
bone.
It contains :
Muscles: digastric, mylohyoid , hyoglossus,
geniohyoid , genioglossus & styloglossus
Salivary gland : submandibualr & sublingual
Nerves : lingual , glossopharyngeal & hyoglossal
Blood vesseles: facial A. & V. , Lingual A. & V.
Parasympathetic ganglion : submandibualr
Lymph nodes : submandibualr group
Muscles of sumandibualr region
styloglossus genioglossus hyoglossus geniohyoid mylohyoid digastric
Styloid
process
Upper
genial
tubercle of
Md.
Body of
hyoid
bone
it.s a small
Ms lying
deep(above)
to mylohyoid
From genial
tubercle(behi
nd
symphysis
menti of Md.)
Mylohyoid
Md.
Arise by 2
bellies: ant.
Belly: lower
border of Md.
Close to
symphysis
menti
Post. Belly:
medial
surface of
mastoid
process
origin
Whole
length of
side of
tongue
Whole
length
Under
surface of
tongue
Inside
tongue
deep to
styloglo
ssus
Upper
surface of
body of
hyoid
Body of
hyoid
bone
Into
intermedia
te tendon
that
connected
hyoid
bone
insertion
Muscles of sumandibualr regoin
styloglossus genioglossu
s
hyoglossus geniohyoid mylohyoid digastric
Hypoglossal
N.
Hypoglossal
N.
Hypoglossa
-l N.
From C1 via
Hypoglossal
N.
N. to
mylohyoid a
branch of
Inferior
alveolar N.
(from Md. N.)

Ant. Belly : N. to
mylohyoid a
branch of Inferior
alveolar N. (from
Md. N. )

Post. Belly:
Facial Nerve
Nerve
supply
Retract
tongue
upward&
backward
Protrude
tongue into
midline
Depress
tongue
*elevate
Hyoid Bone
*depress
Md. If Hyoid
Bone is
Fixed(open
Mouth)

*support
Floor of
mouth
*elevate
Hyoid Bone
*depress
Md. If Hyoid
Bone is
Fixed(open
Mouth)
Ant. Belly :
opening Md.
Post. Belly:
Retract hyoid
bone upward&
backward
Action

Submandibular gland
Site & extension: It lies below
Md.

It extends to :
Mylohyoid line : a bove
Digastric muscle : below
Mental foramen : anterior
Angle of Md. : posterior
Size: about the size of P.G.
Shape: wedge shape
Structure: it consists of 2
parts,a large superficial part &
a small deep part
Submandibular duct
Its 5 cm long

Its duct open into
the floor of mouth
close to frenulum of
tongue.

Blood supply of gland:

The arterial supply: the gland is supplied by branches
of facial & lingual A.
The viens drain into facial & lingual V.

Nerve supply :
sympathetic : from plexus arround lingual A.
Parasympathetic: from facial N.
Sublingual gland
Site: beneath tongue
Size: its the smallest of the 3
S.G.
Shape: almond-shaped
Relation :
Ant. : the gland of the opposite
side
Post. : the deep part of
submandibualr gland
Med. : genioglossus Ms. ,
lingual N. & submand. Duct
Laterally: sublingual fossa of Md.
Sup. : mucous membrane of
mouth(which elevated to form
sublingual fold)
Inf. : mylohyoid Ms.
Sublingual duct :
It opens directly in the floor of mouth on sublingual
fold
Blood supply : the gland is supplied by
branch of facial & lingual A.
The viens drain into facial & lingual V.
Nerve supply :
sympathetic :from plexus arround lingual A.
Parasympathetic: from facial N.
Nerves OF submandibualr regoin
lingual , glossopharyngeal & hyoglossal
N.B. : lingual N. : branch of post. Division of Md. N. in the
infratemporal fossa

Blood vesseles submandibualr regoin : facial
A. & V. , Lingual A. & V.
N.B.
Facial A. : Branch of ECA
Facial V. : It units ant. Division of retromandibualr V. TO
drain into IJV
Lingual A. : Branch of ECA
Lingual V. : drain into IJV

Good luck