Ozone Treatment For

Cooling And Potable Water

Presented by:

Introduction

Cl
2
gas is used to control biological growth in
cooling tower water.
Cl
2
gas / bleaching powder is used to disinfect
drinking water.
Ozone treatment of above water is gaining
popularity as it is far more effective in
controlling biological growth & disinfection.
Its handling involves minimum hazards.
About the technology
Ozone(O
3
)is a molecule consisting of three
oxygen atoms.
It is a powerful biocide and virus de
activant.
It oxidizes many organic & inorganic
substances.
Generation
Ozone is generated by passing a high voltage
AC(6 -20 kV) across a dielectric discharge gap
through which oxygen is injected.
2 O
o
2
O + O
2

o
3

Electric
arc
O2
O
2
O2
O3
WATER
WATER
OZONISER
ALUMINIUM
ELECTRODE
6 - 20 KV AC
Concerns of drinking water
By-product of Cl
2
treated water are chloramine,
dichloroamine , which are proven carcinogens.
Disagreeable smell and taste.
Ozone is safe disinfectant , no health hazard as
only by-product is oxygen.
Maintenance concerns of
cooling towers
Biological growth
Scaling
Corrosion
Biological growth
Continuous exposure to airbourne organic
matter
Buildup of bacteria, algae, fungi and viruses
Hazardous for the tower system & health of
humans encountering the water.
Legionnaires disease caused by a legionella
bacteria thriving in cooling water environment
Biological growth
Increases risk of microbially induced
corrosion.
Certain sulphate reducing and iron
metabolising bacteria can destroy iron
pipes.
Biofilm coating on heat exchange surfaces
reduces heat transfer efficiency.
Control of biological growth
Ozone kills bacteria by rupturing
the cell walls, process to which
micro organism cannot develop
immunity.
Residual ozone concentration 0.4
mg/l results in 100% kill in 23
min for biofilm producing
bacteria.
Residual ozone conc. 0.1mg/l
removes
70-80 % biofilm in 3 hrs.

O3
Other
disinfectants
Scaling
As the water in cooling tower evaporates,
dissolved solids concentrate in a circulating water.
Biofilm acts as an adherent for these mineral
micro crystals.
Over time deposition of organic & inorganic
matters increases scale thickness.

Ozone loosens and removes the scale by
removing the biofilm.

Corrosion
Much of the corrosion in cooling towers are
microbiologically induced.
Ozone prevents corrosion by controlling
microbial population
Ozone treated cooling water rises pH to
above 8.5 providing corrosion protection.

Benefits
Energy saving
1. Less makeup water.
2. Blowdown can be reduced.
Water saving
Less water consumption.

Other benefits
Reduces chemical use
Eliminate infectious bacteria
Improve regulatory environmental
compliances.
Finally from HR perspective, reduced risk
of personnel health enhances the working
environment and makes a positive public
statement.
Limitations
Solubility
Half life
High COD
High temperature
Comparison
CHLORINE TREATMENT OZONE TREATMENT
Transportation, storage and handling
is inconvenient
On sight generation
Dependent on suppliers No dependence
Excess dose will give disagreeable
smell and bitter taste
Helps in removing bad odour & colour
Most unsafe & causes cancer More safe disinfectant in comparison
of chlorine.
Operating cost comparison for cooling
water system per year
Rs. 0.0 Rs.6,00,000 Power consumption
Rs. 5,000 > 50,000
Rs. 1,50,000
Rs.4,50,000
Labour
nil Rs.10,00,000 Chemicals
Rs 11,50,000 nil Electrical operation
Ozone treatment Chemical treatment Item
Safety
Equipments
Conclusion
Through laboratory testing, field
testing and theoretical analysis, ozone
treatment of cooling water has shown to
be technically valid and economically
attractive in many applications.
The technology works by virtue of the
ability of ozone to act as a disinfectant
and therefore as an alternative to
traditional chemical treatment.