MANUFACTURING OF

STEAM TURBINE

AT

BHEL HYDERABAD



Presented
by
N. Bipin Sai
A. Lakshmipathi
N. Sree Rinitha
P. Yaswanth kumar







Contents

Introduction
Flow diagram of steam turbine
Classification of turbines
Constructional features of blade
Classification of manufacturing process
Block layout
Over speed balancing tunnel
Blade shop

Introduction
A turbine is a device that converts chemical energy into mechanical
energy, specifically when a rotor of multiple blades or vanes is driven
by the movement of a fluid or gas.

In the case of a steam turbine, the pressure and flow of newly
condensed steam rapidly turns the rotor. This movement is possible
because the water to steam conversion results in a rapidly expanding
gas.

As the turbines rotor turns, the rotating shaft can work to accomplish
numerous applications, often electricity generation.

Flow diagram of steam turbine
Classifications of Turbine


IMPULSE TURBINE
REACTION TURBINE
Constructional Features Of Blade
Profile
Converts thermal energy of steam into kinetic energy

Root
Fixes blade to turbine rotor

Damping Element
Reduces vibrations which occur in blade due to flow of steam
T-ROOT
T-ROOT
WITH SIDE
GRIP
FORK ROOT
BLADE ROOT
TYPES OF DAMPING
Material Damping
Due to inherent damping properties of material

Aerodynamic Damping
Damping of fluid which surrounds the component in
operation

Friction Damping
Due to rubbing friction between the components
CLASSIFICATION OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Primary shaping process
Secondary machining process
Metal forming process
Joining process
Surface finishing process
PRIMARY SHAPING PROCESSES

Primary shaping processes are manufacturing of a product
from an amorphous material. The parts produced through these
processes may or may not require to undergo further operations.

Some of the important primary shaping processes are casting , gas
cutting, bending, forging & powder metallurgy etc.

SECONDARY MACHINING PROCESSES

Secondary processes are mainly required for achieving dimensional
accuracy and a very high degree of surface finish.

Some of the common secondary or machining processes are:
turning, facing, threading, drilling, slotting, boring, sawing etc.


BLOCK 3 LAY-OUT
Over speed balancing tunnel
Vaccum of 2torr is created with the help
of pumps


Rotor is placed on pedestal and rotated
to 2500-4500 rpm
With help of computer, the axis of rotation of rotor is seen and is balanced by
inserting small balancing weights present in the grooves cut on the rotor

STEAM TURBINE CASING AND ROTORS IN
ASSEMBLY AREA
Blade Shop
It is an important shop of Block 3.

Blades of all the stages of turbine are made in this shop
only.

They have a variety of centre lathe and CNC machines to
perform the complete operation of blades. The designs
of the blades are sent to the shop and the Respective job
is distributed to the operators.

TYPES OF BLADES


3D Blade
TX
or cylindrical
profile blade
Twisted
profile or F
blade
Operations Performed On Blades
Milling
Blank Cutting
Grinding of both surfaces
Cutting
Root milling
MACHINING OF BLADES
Machining of blades is done with the help of Lathe
& CNC machines. Some of the machines are:

Centre lathe machine
Vertical Boring machine
Vertical Milling machine
CNC lathe machine

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A CNC MACHINE
CNC MACHINE IN BLADE SHOP
THANK YOU