Material Selection

A. Piping Material Selection

Scope
Reference
General
Material
Design
Corrossion Allowance & Min Thickness

B. Fitting, flanges, gasket and bolt

& nut selection
Scope
Reference
Design

C. Material Selection for Corrosive

Service

Dalam hal ini digunakan klasifikasi berikut

A= Excellent
B= Good
C= Fair
D= Not recommend
Lihat tabel klasifikasi

D. Substitusi material to ASTM

Substitusi material from JIS, BS, DIN to
ASTM specification

Reference
Standart2 yang digunakan antara lain
ANSI
American National Standart Institute
ASME
American Society of Mechanical Engineering
API
American Petroleum Institute
ASTM
American Society for Testing Material
AWS
American Welding Society
EJMA
Expansion Joint Manufature Association
MSS
Manufacturer Standarizarion Society of Valves
and fitting industry
NFPA
National Fire Protection Association
dll

1
2
3

ANSI A21.6

Cast Iron Pipe Centrifugally Cast in Metal Molds, for

Water or Other Liquids (AWWA C106)

ANSI A21.8

Cast Iron Pipe Centrifugally Cast in Sand Lined

Molds, for Water or Other Liquids (AWWA C108)

ANSI A21.51

Ductile Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast in Metal Molds

or Sand Lined Molds for Water or Other Liquids
(AWWA C151)

ASME B31.3

Process Piping

API Spec. 5L

Specification for Line Pipe

API Spec. 5LS

Specification for Spiral Weld Line Pipe

ASTM A 53

Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc Coated

Welded and Seamless

ASTM A 106

Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel

Pipe

ASTM A 155

Standard Specification for Electric Fusion Welded

Steel Pipe for High Pressure Service

10

ASTM A 312

Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded

Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

11

ASTM A 333

Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Steel

Pipe for Low-Temperature Service

12

ASTM A 335

Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe

for High Temperature Service

13

ASTM A 358

Standard Specification for Electric Fusion Welded

Austenitic Chromium Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe for High
Temperature Services

14

ASTM A 426

Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Ferritic

Alloy Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service

15

ASTM A 451

Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Austenitic

Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service

16

ASTM B 165

Standard Specification for Nickel Copper Alloy (N04400)

Seamless Pipe and Tube

17

ASTM D 1869

Standard Specification for Rubber Rings for Asbestos

Cement Pipe

18

ASTM B 673

Standard Specification for Welded Pipe (UNS N08904

and N08925)

19

ASTM B 677

tandard Specification for Seamless Pipe and Tube (UNS

N08904 and N08925

General
Secara umum untuk proses plant mengacu pada aturan2 di
ASME B 31.3
ASME B 31.1
ASME B 31.3
ASME B 31.4
ASME B 31.5
ASME B 31.8

Power plant
Chemical plant & Petroleum Refinery
Liquid transportation system
Refrigeration piping
Gas Transmission and Distribution piping
system
ASME B 31.9 Building service piping
ASME B 31.11 Slurry transportation piping system

Material
Secara umum piping material terbagi
menjadi
Carbon steel (10 Sch 40,A.106 Gr B-Smls PE)
Alloy steel (8 Sch 40,A.335-P-11-Smls BE)
Stainless steel (6 Sch 40,A.TP-304-Smls BE)

Design
Line size yang umum digunakan
Jenis2 joint yang digunakan al
slip-on
butt weld
flanges type
Menggunakan mitter untuk joint ke elbow
dg diameter > 12

Corrossion Allowance & Wall

Thickness
Corrosion allowance yang diizinkan
bergantung pada fluida yang mengalir,
persentage yang menimbulkan korosi
misalnya CO2, kondisi operasi tekanan
dan temperatur dll
Wall thickness atau ketebalan pipa
umumnya dinyatakan dalam schedule
misalnya sch 80,40,20 yang umum
terdapat di pasaran

Reference2 yang digunakan untuk fitting,

flange, gasket, bolt& nut dll
1

ANSI A21.10

Gray Iron and Ductile Iron Fittings, 2 inch through 48

inch, for Water and Other Liquids (AWWA C110)

ASME B16.1

Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

ASME B16.5,

Steel Pipe Flanges, Flanged Valves, and Fittings

ASME B16.9,

Factory Made Wrought Steel Butt welding Fittings

ASME B16.11,

Forged Fittings Socket Welding and Threaded

ASME B16.20

Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges: Ring-Joint, SpriralWound, and Jacketed

ASME B16.21

Nonmetallic Gasket for Pipe Flanges

ASME B16.31

Nonferrous Pipe Flanges

ASME B16.39

Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions

10

ASME B31.3

Process Piping

Reference2 yang digunakan untuk fitting,

flange, gasket, bolt& nut dll
11

API Std. 601

Metallic Gaskets for Raised-Face Pipe Flanges and

Flanged Connections (Double-Jacketed corrugated
and Spiral-Wound)

12

API Std. 605

Large Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges (ASME B16.47

Series B)

13

MSS-SP-44

Steel Pipe Line Flanges (ASME B16.47 Series A)

14

MSS-SP-83

Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket Welding and

Threaded

Standard Governing Flanges and Fittings

Flanges and Fittings

Size Range inch

NPS

Applicable Standard

F Steel Flanges
L
A
N
G
E Cast Iron Flanges and
Flanged Fittings

1/2 through 24

ASME B16.5

Over 24

ASME B31.3,
API 605 (ASME B16.47 Series B), or MSS
SP-44 (ASME B16.47 Series A)

1 through 48

ASME B16.1

Aluminium Bronze and

Aluminium Alloy
Flanges

1/2 through 24

ASME B31.3

1/2 through 24

ASME B16.9

Over 24

ASME B31.3

Steel Socket-Welding
Fittings

1/2 through 2

ASME B16.11

Malleable-Iron Screwed
Fittings

1/2 through 2

ASME B16.3, or ASME B16.39

F
I
T
T
I
N
G
S

Steel Butt-Welding
Fitting

Steel Screwed Fittings

Design Limits for Flange Facings and Gasket

Service

Flange Design Condition

Flange Facing

Gasket Type

ANSI Primary
Rating - 1b

Temperature
Range in oC
(1)

RF

Compressed
Non-asbestos

150 (2)

260 and below RF

Metal
Jacketed or
spiral wound

above 260 to
538

RJ

Ring

above 538

RF

Compressed
Non-asbestos

Fluid
Oil (3)

300

900 and higher

260 and below RF

Metal
Jacketed or
spiral wound

above 538

RJ

Ring

Any

RJ

Ring

Design Limits for Flange Facings and Gasket

Service Fluid

Hydrogen

Flange Design Condition

Gasket Type

ANSI Primary
Rating - 1b

Temperature
Range in oC (1)

150, 300, 400,

and 600

538 and below

RF

Spiral Wound

above 538

RJ

Ring

Any

RJ

Ring

260 and below

RFr

Compressed
Non-asbestos

above 260 to
538

RF

Metal Jacketed
or spiral wound

538 and below

RF

above 538

RJ

Ring

Any

RJ

Ring

900 and higher

Steam

Flange Facing

Spiral wound

Design Limits for Flange Facings and Gasket

Service Fluid

Air

Flange Design Condition

Flange Facing

Gasket Type

ANSI Primary
Rating - 1b

Temperature
Range in oC (1

300 and lower

260 and below

RF

Compressed
Non-asbestos

above 260 to
538

RF

Metal Jacketed
or spiral wound

above 538 to
649

RJ

Ring

260 and below

RF

Compressed
Non-asbestos

400 and 600

above 260 to
538

RF

Metal Jacketed
or spiral wound

900

any

RJ

Ring

Water (including 300 and lower

boiler feed)

Design Limits for Flange Facings and Gasket

Service Fluid

Fluid Catalyst
(4)

Flange Design Condition

Gasket Type

ANSI Primary
Rating - 1b

Temperature
Range in oC (1

300 and lower

260 and below

RF

Compressed
Non-asbestos

above 260 to
538

RF

Metal Jacketed
or spiral wound

above 538 to
649

RJ

Ring

260 and below

RF

Compressed
Non-asbestos

Toxic Fluids, including

300 and lower

Acids and Caustic (5)

Flange Facing

Gasket Design Standart

Gasket Type

Standard

Compressed Non Asbestos

ASME B16.21

Double jacketed

ANSI B16.5 for flat or corrugated

metal jacketed, dimension per API
Std. 601

Spiral wound

API 601

Ring Joint

ASME B16.20

Bolting Standart
Design Metal Temperature o
C

Flange
Rating 1b

Bolts

Nuts

Type

Material

Material

-29o to 427o

any

stud

ASTM A193
grade B7

ASTM A194
grade 2

-428o to 593o

any

stud

ASTM A193
grade B16

ASTM A194
grade 2H

-538o to 815o

any

stud

ASTM A193
grade B8M

ASTM A194
grade 8M

-29o to 177o

150 and
300

machine

ASTM A307
grade B

ASTM A563
grade B