Hazards in Construction

Industry
Method of Hazard Identification

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION 07 BY T. M. RAMZAN RAFEEK

Hazards in Construction Industry

What is a Hazard?

Anything in a position, condition or in a situation where that would

become a threat where it may cause a damage, a harm or an
injury to human life and property is recognized as a hazard.
A hazard can be an object : a hammer with a loose head
A hazard can be an exposure/ interaction : a live wire with
unprotected edge, an uncovered power wheel

A hazard can be an occasion/ incident : a falling brick

A hazard can be a situation/ condition : a shaky scaffold

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION 07 BY T. M. RAMZAN RAFEEK

Hazards : Example1

Electricity

Unsafe exposure
may cause
electric shock

Mr. X get electric

shock

Unsafe exposure to
Electricity becomes a
HAZARD

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION 07 BY T. M. RAMZAN RAFEEK

Hazards : Example2

Electricity

Unsafe
handling may
cause electric
shock

Chance for
unsafe handling

Unsafe handling of
electricity becomes a
HAZARD

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION 07 BY T. M. RAMZAN RAFEEK

Hazards : Example3
LIFTING BRICKS

HAZARD : Brick Fall

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION

BY T. M.07RAMZAN RAFEEK

Types of Hazards
Hazards identification is conducted during in safety planning at design
stage of any project

There are 3 main categories:

Hazards harmful to health
Hazards likely to cause personal injury
Hazards likely to lead to catastrophic events

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION 07 BY T. M. RAMZAN RAFEEK

Types of Hazards
Health
Hazards

Hazards

Safety
Hazards
Severe
Hazards

Common
Unforeseen
Common
Unforeseen
Common

Unforeseen

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION 07 BY T. M. RAMZAN RAFEEK

Types of Hazards
Health Hazards: Hazards harmful to health
Ex: Exposed to noise, vibration, asbestos, dust, radiation etc.,
Safety Hazards: Hazards likely to cause personal injury

Ex: Working at heights, working in areas where there is a possibility of

falling of objects, exposed to live electrical wires etc.,

Severe Hazards: Hazards likely to lead to catastrophic events

Ex: Outbreak of fires, flooding, premature collapse of structure, collapse of

crane, collapse of tunnels and excavations

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION 07 BY T. M. RAMZAN RAFEEK

Hazards in a Construction Site

Hazard caused by Equipment, tools and machinery

Due to faults, leaks, loose connections, damages of equipment & tools

Eg: a hammer, shovel, mamotty with a loose head/ blade

Hazards caused by materials

Materials with sharp cuts, edges, or irritant, poisonous chemical

compositions
Eg: Broken glass, steel rods & sheets, cut asbestos sheets

Hazards caused by electricity

Unprotected live wires, joints, plugging and faulty electrical equipment

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION 07 BY T. M. RAMZAN RAFEEK

Hazards in a Construction Site

Hazards caused by ladders & scaffolds

Loose or unstable scaffolds & ladders

Hazards caused by mishandle

Due to mishandle of things, careless movement and operations.

Eg: Brick fall, Glass break, storing of steel rods pointed/exposed sharp
edges

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION 07 BY T. M. RAMZAN RAFEEK

Method of Hazard Identification

Direct observation

Examining the records

@ Frequent safety inspections

Can identify causes of accidents, damages. Eg: If an accident happening frequently due to
mishandling of equipment, mis-operation then mis-operation, mishandling can recognize as
a hazard

Conducting interviews

Can get information about inadequate safety measures, people who misbehave, unsafe
practices

HEALT H, SAFETY & WELFARE - PRESENTATION 07 BY T. M. RAMZAN RAFEEK