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ISAT 430
Heat the metal to a temperature
Hold at that temperature
Slowly cool
Heat Treatment
Spring 2001
ISAT 430
Module 6
Heat Treatment
Spring 2001
ISAT 430
Module 6
Annealing
Process
Surface hardening
Purpose
Spring 2001
ISAT 430
Module 6
Spring 2001
ISAT 430
Module 6
The
Phase
Diagram
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ISAT 430
Module 6
Fe - C
Delta ferrite
Austenite
Alpha ferrite
Alpha ferrite
Spring 2001
ISAT 430
Module 6
Fe - C
Delta ferrite
exists only at high temperatures and is of little
engineering consequence.
Note that little carbon can be actually interstitially
dissolved in BCC iron
Significant amounts of Chromium (Cr), Manganese
(Mn), Nickel (Ni), Molybdenum (Mb), Tungsten (W),
and Silicon (Si) can be contained in iron in solid
solution.
Spring 2001
ISAT 430
Module 6
Fe - C
Spring 2001
ISAT 430
Module 6
Fe - C
Cementite
Very hard
Very brittle
Pearlite
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ISAT 430
Module 6
10
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ISAT 430
Module 6
11
Spring 2001
However
If cooling is rapid
enough that the
equilibrium reactions
do not occur
Austenite transforms
into a non-equilibrium
phase
Called Martensite.
ISAT 430
Module 6
12
Spring 2001
ISAT 430
Module 6
13
Fe - C
Martensite
Hard brittle phase
Iron carbon solution whose composition is the
same as austenite from which it was derived
But the FCC structure has been transformed
into a body center tetragonal (BCT)
The extreme hardness comes from the lattice
strain created by carbon atoms trapped in the
BCT
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ISAT 430
Module 6
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Spring 2001
Composition Specific
At different compositions,
shape is different
ISAT 430
Module 6
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0.8C
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Spring 2001
Trajectory passes
through Ps above the
nose of the TTT curve
Bainite
Produced by rapid
cooling to a temperature
above Ms
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Module 6
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Martensite hardness
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Tempered Martensite
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Step 2 soak
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Quenching Media
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Quenching Media2
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Agitated brine
Still water
Still oil
Cold gas
Still air
5.
1.
0.3
0.1
0.02
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Module 6
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Fluid agitation
Renews the fluid presented to the part
Surface area to volume ratio
Vapor blankets
insulation
Environmental concerns
Fumes
Part corrosion
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ISAT 430
Module 6
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Surface Hardening
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Surface Hardening2
Carburizing
Nitriding
Carbonnitriding
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Carburizing
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Nitriding
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Chromizing
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Boronizing
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