THESIS FORMAT

ABMC & ABENG

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THESIS FORMAT
Quantitative Research
(APA-inspired)

A. Preliminaries
Title Page
Acceptance and Approval
Approval and Endorsement
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures

B. Text
Chapter 1.

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

The Background of the Study
The Statement of the Problem
Hypothesis
Review of Related Literature
Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
Significance of the Study
Definition of Terms

Chapter 2.
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Research Subject
Research Instrument
Data Gathering
Procedure
Statistical Treatment

Chapter 3. RESULTS
AND DISCUSSIONS

Chapter 4. SUMMARY,
CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS

C. References
D. Appendices
E. Curriculum Vitae

Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS
SETTING

NOT ALL CAPS -

- ALL CAPS -

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the Study -

NOT ALL CAPS -

Chapter Page
(as page 1)
should not be
seen.

Background of the Study

Discusses the problem situations of the dependent variable in

terms of global, national, and local settings.

First paragraph discusses the problem situation in the global
context.
Second paragraph discusses the problem situation in the national
context.
Third paragraph discusses the problem situation in the local
context citing an authority from whom the problem was mentioned.
This paragraph also establishes urgency of the study to justify the
conduct of the research.

Last paragraph justifies that the study to be

conducted generates new knowledge in the field
of education by searching in www.google
scholar.com or any search engine any study that
deals with the dependent variable on the
following:
Correlates of the dependent variable
Determinants of dependent variable;
Influence of dependent variable;
Predictors of dependent variable;
Factors of dependent variable;
Elements of dependent variable.

Statement of the Problem

This portion presents the main problem of the study as

mentioned in the title. This is followed by the specific

questions which will be the bases for the discussion and
analysis in Chapter 3 and summary of findings and
conclusion in Chapter 4.

1. The first statement of the Problem

(SoP) should be, What is the level of the
IV in terms of:
1.1 *Indicator 1;
1.2 Indicator 2;
1.3 Indicator 3; and so on?
2. Second SoP, What is the level of the
DV in terms of:
2.1 *Indicator 1;
2.2 Indicator 2;
2.3 Indicator 3; and so on?

3. Identify the difference of the IV and the MV.

Is there a significant difference on the level of
the IV when analyzed according to:
3.1 *example age;
3.2 gender; and
3.3 course?
4. Identify the difference of the DV and the MV.
Is there a significant difference on the level of
the DV when analyzed according to:
4.1 *example age;
4.2 gender; and
4.3 course?

5. The fifth SoP, Is there a significant

relationship between IV and DV?
* 6. To help formulate the
recommendations: Which domains of
the IV that significantly influence/predict
DV?

Hypothesis:
The following hypotheses will be tested at =0.05 level of

significance:
Answer of SoP 3 (There is no significant relationship between IV and
MV).
Answer of SoP 4 (There is no significant relationship between DV and
MV).
Answer of SoP 5 (There is no significant relationship between IV and
MV).
* Answer of SoP 6 (IV does not significantly influence/ predict DV).

Review of Related Literature

(RRL)
RRL presents the different readings, literatures, research studies

from different proponents.

Sources should be at least year 2000 up to the LATEST
publication except for the anchor theory.
Introduce the indicators with source, before discussion of the
indicators.
Side heads should be for the variables only.
Present synthesis at the last paragraph of the RRL.
Avoid one-sentence paragraphs and long-sentence paragraphs.
Paraphrase for long-sentence paragraphs.

Theoretical and Conceptual

Framework
First paragraph presents the anchor theory of the

study. Discusses the connection between the IV

and DV with a source. . . .This study is anchored
on the theory/study of. . .
Second paragraph is the support theory. :This
study is supported by the theory of

 Third paragraph discusses the Conceptual Framework of

the study (Figure 1). .Figure 1 shows the Conceptual

Framework of the Study. The independent variable is. ...
According to (Source), the indicators are the following:
(enumerate the indicators and define briefly each).
Indicators should be in italics. Figure 1 should be in one
page following the page where Figure 1 is mentioned.
Fourth paragraph discusses the DV. The dependent
variable of the study is . . .. According to (Source), the
indicators are the following: (enumerate the indicators and
define briefly each). Indicators should be in italics.

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

IV

DV

Indicator 1
Indicator 2
Indicator 3

Indicator 1
Indicator 2
Indicator 3

Age
Gender
Course
Moderator Variable

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

Significance of the Study

Lists all groups of beneficiaries

of the study from macro to micro

level
Example:
School Heads
Teachers
Students
Future Researchers.

Definition of Terms
This is operational definition

of key terms in the title.

IV. (In this study it refers to
the)
DV. (In this study it refers to
the)

Chapter 2
METHODOLOGY

Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY
* Introductory paragraph

Presented in this chapter are the research steps and procedures

employed in this study. It includes the research design, research subjects,
research instruments, data gathering procedure and statistical treatment of
the data.

Research Design
The quantitative, non-experimental research method

Research Design
The quantitative, non-experimental research method will

be used in the study. This method of research is suitable

for this study because its objective is to determine the level
of (the IV) and to determine the level of (the DV). This
kind of design according to De Vaus (2001) provides
summary data such as measures of central tendency
including the mean, standard deviation and correlation
between variables or might employ methods of analyzing
correlations between multiple variables by using tests such
as Pearson's Product Moment correlation, regression, or
multiple regression analysis .

Research Subject
The respondents of the study will be the ____.

The respondents will be determined using the

Slovins Equation. In a desire to give everyone

a chance to be included in the study,
systematic random sampling procedure will be
used to obtain a sampling frame as shown in
Table 1.

Table 1
Frequency Distribution of Respondents

COURSE

TOTAL

Population

Percentage Respondents

Research Instrument
Researcher-made

Questionnaire
* Adapted but Modified
Questionnaire
* Standardized Questionnaire
Cite the source
It will be validated by 3 panel

 Likert Scale
The parameter limits with corresponding

descriptive equivalent and descriptions are shown

below.
Parameter

Descriptive

Description
Limits
Equivalent
4.50 5.00
3.50 4.49
2.50 3.49
1.50 2.49
1.00 1.49

Data Gathering Procedure

The following are the steps to be

initiated in conducting the study.

Seeking Permission to Conduct the
Study.
Administration and Retrieval of the
Questionnaire.
Checking, Collating and Processing
the Data.
* In paragraph form.

Statistical Treatment of the

Data
The following statistical tools will be utilized:
Mean. This is the average set of data.

T- Test. It is a statistical tool to be used in

comparing the difference between two

means.
Pearson r. This is a statistical tool used to
determine if there is a correlation between
variables.
Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA). This is
used to test the significant difference of
means from three or more populations.

Chapter 3
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Chapter 3
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
* Introductory Paragraph
Presented in this chapter are the analysis, interpretation and the
findings of the data gathered with the use of the research instruments. This
study is to determine the relationship between (IV) and (DV) in (place to
conduct the study).
1st Result
Discussion of the result shown in Table 2.
Discuss only the first 2 highest and the lowest.
Cite a support theory or concept

Table 2
and so on.

Chapter 4
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION

Chapter 4
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
* Introductory Paragraph
Presented in this chapter is the summary of findings and the pertinent
conclusions and the recommendations given by the researcher based on the
obtained results.
Summary of Findings
The following findings are enumerated and summarized based
from the results discussed in the preceding chapter.
1. The result of Problem # 1 ( with a mean of ____ and descriptive
equivalent of ____________)

2. The result of Problem # 2 ( with a mean of ____ and descriptive

equivalent of ____________)
3. The result of Problem # 3 ( with a mean of ____ and descriptive
equivalent of ____________)

Conclusions
On the light of the aforementioned findings of the study, the following
conclusions are drawn:
1. The result of Problem # 1 (description).
2. The result of Problem # 2 (description).
3. The result of Problem # 3 (description).
Recommendations
After a careful review of the findings and conclusions of the study, the
following recommendations are given:
School Heads
Teachers
Students
Future Researchers.

References
APA STYLE

Authors Family Name. (Year of

publication). Title of the Book.

Place of publication

Happy
MENTORING!
Josyl