(John and Sarahs Free Material, 1996)

Untitled illustration of Preston Blairs Phoneme Set

Name Shont Joyner

Course- EED-470
Instructor- Jennifer
OConner

Defined

as a sound that distinguishes one word

from the other.
A unit which brings about a change in meaning
between two almost similarly sounding words.
It is a very important knowledge about a language
that each and every individual should possess to
excel in it.

There are 44 phonemes

in the English language.
These 44 phonemes are
classified based on the
uniqueness in their
sound and also on their
orientation.
Phonemes are classified
into 7 sections:
consonant sound,
consonant digraph,
short vowel sound,
long vowel sound,
other vowel sound,
vowel diphthongs, and
the vowel sounds that
are influenced by r.

A survey and a research

conducted in USA states
that children with poor
reading skills fail to cope
up in the future.
Children starting from
the very first grade
should be imparted with
the knowledge of
phonemes.
Teachers should come
up with creative and
instructional programs
to make the children
aware of the importance
of phonemes.

Phoneme Chart for Children

Teachers have come up with a new method

which will test the reading skills of children.
A list of words is prepared and handed over
to the children, the difficulty level of the
words increase gradually.
With the increase in the number of mistakes
made by the children the evaluation of the
particular children is done.

It has been proven that

accurate knowledge on
phonemes and its proper
use improves fluency.
English language consists
of 26 alphabet letters but
there are 44 phonemes
which states its
importance in the fluency
and pronunciation in
English language.
Childrens reading skills
and their fluency obviously
improves with the proper
implementation of the
teaching programs
discussed.

DaleKaled, 2005

Phonemic awareness is
defined as a unit of speech
or sound that helps the
listeners to differentiate
between two words.
Phonemic awareness and
phonics do not have the
same meaning.
Phonemic awareness is a
factor that prevents
reading disabilities among
students and should be
included in the academic
curriculum for betterment
in reading skills.
Untitled Image of Phonemic Awareness

A setup has been formulated to conduct an

experiment among some students to test
the effectiveness of the program.
Read well program is conducted which is a
very effective tool to improve oral reading
fluency.
Typical and conventional classroom program
is continued along with read well program
which is a collection of some assignments.

Phonics is the process by

which speech or sound is
used to build a
relationship between
letters and sounds and
this method is used in
recognizing various kinds
of words.
There is a basic
difference between
writing the English
language and the spoken
English language because
while writing sound is not
an important factor
pronouncing is.

Phonics flashcard: short a [] sound

Two words namely explicit

and systematic have been
used here.
Explicit because the letter
and sound relationship are
being taught to the
children and they are
asked to produce sounds
of various letters that are
in use.
Systematic because it
teaches the students
about the sound value of
the letters and is generally
a unique approach.

Untitled illustration of Explicit Systematic Phonics

The teachers and staffs responsible for

imparting the read well program should go
through a training program.
A rather informal discussion is carried on
between the trainers and teachers, a very
basic idea about the training program is
forwarded and to make this training a
success, interactive sessions should be
conducted which will help the cause.

The program conducted

for the betterment of the
students in case of
fluency is assessed.
Two individuals are given
the responsibility of
collecting and recording
the assessments for each
and every child.
A point to point
agreement and
disagreement is
mentioned and then the
percentage of agreement
and disagreement
individually is calculated.

Phoneme C D G K N R S Y Z (n.d.)

The primary objective of the program is to

improve the reading fluency among the
children at a very young age.
The program was conducted among a group
of students and it was noticed that the
mean ORF did increase.
The increase was of around 50% or more.
For instance, if the number of students is 7,
then the increase in mean ORF was noticed
in almost 4 students.

No experiment can be
successful without
collecting proper feedback
regarding it.
The children who took
active participation in the
process are provided with
a questionnaire consisting
of some questions.
The children themselves
evaluated the process with
transparency and this
feedback helped the
teachers in improving their
techniques for the future.

While collecting the feedback for the

program a mixed reaction among the
individuals is noticed.
A percentage of the participants considered
the program as very helpful and effective in
improving the quality of reading.
While some participants stated that it
involves a lot of reading exercises and they
did not like the process.

After a vivid study and research it can be

concluded that the importance of phoneme
cannot be ignored.
Knowledge on English language is
incomplete without knowledge on phoneme
and its proper use.
Therefore the reading programs that are
being conducted should be continued and
improved because the faults should be
corrected at the young age itself or else it
would be quite tough to cope with in the
future.

DaleKaleD. (2005). Phoneme chart. Retrieved on December 10, 2014, from:

http://www.deviantart.com/art/Phoneme-Chart-21719846
John & Sarah. (1996). Phonemes. [Online Image]. Retrieved December 10,
2014, from: http://www.beidaenglish.com/spoken-english/how-topronounce/attachment/learning-phonemes/
Phoneme Chart for Children [online picture]. Retrieved on December 10, 2014,
from: http://imgarcade.com/1/phoneme-chart-for-children/
Phonics flashcard: short a [] sound[online picture]. Retrieved on December
10, 2014, from: http://http://english4kids-step-bystep.blogspot.com/2013/03/phonics-cards-short-sound.html
[Untitled illustration of Explicit and Systematic Phonics]. Retrieved December
10, 2014, from:
http://www.lizarum.com/assignments/flash/2005/animation/lip_synching.html
[Untitled illustration of Phoneme C D G K N R S Y Z ]. Retrieved December
10, 2014, from:
http://www.lizarum.com/assignments/flash/2005/animation/lip_synching.html
[Untitled illustration of Phonemic Awareness]. Retrieved December 10, 2014,
from: https://speechymusings.wordpress.com/2013/03/06/phonemicawareness-powerpoint/
[Untitled illustration of Preston Blairs Phoneme Set]. Retrieved December 10,
2014, from: http://www.bertramfiddle.com/read-my-lips-bertram/