Viva Espaa

Spain

Viva India

Greetings - Saludos
Hola Hello, hi , Qu tal? Cmo ests? Cmo est?

How are you?

Adis Goodbye Muy bien, gracias Very well, thank you.
Buenos das, Seor, Good day(sir)

Buenas tardes, seorita Good afternoon (miss), (used till

late evening)
good evening In most areas, buenas tardes should be
used in the early evening in preference to buenas noches.
Buenas noches Seora Good night (madam) Unlike the
English translation, buenas noches can be used as a
greeting as well as a farewell.
Adis, Hasta luego Goodbye, see you later
Por favor please,
Perdone sorry
S yes,
No no
De nada all right, no mention.

Greetings - Saludos
Buenos das is used during the first part of the day
until roughly the time of the main meal which, for
most Spaniards, is around 2pm or even as late as
3pm. After that, Buenas tardes is used.

Buenas noches is used only late in the evening or

when someone is going to bed.

Whe saying goodbye, hasta luego is the way to say

goodbye for now, or see you later, Adis means

goodbye, and should be used when you dont expect
to see that person again for a while.

Mucho gusto
Pleased to meet you
Hola, Qu tal?
Me llamo Carmen Salguero Ramirez.
Soy Espaola, de Madrid.
Soy profesora.

Numeros Cardinal Numbers

1. Uno 2. Dos 3. Tres
4. Cuatro 5. Cinco 6. Seis
8. Ocho 9. Nueve
7. Siete
11. Once
12. Doce
10. Diez
13. Trece 14. Catorce 15. Quince

Numeros
16. diecisis 17. diecisiete
19. diecinueve
18. dieciocho
20. veinte 21. veintiuno*

22. veintids
23. veintitrs
30. treinta
40. cuarenta
50. cincuenta
60. sesenta
70. setenta 80. ochenta
90. noventa 100. cien
*Numbers ending in uno lose the o before noun:
veintiun(o) aos.

Pronombre Personal
Yo
I am
you are
T
l/ella/Usted. he/she/it is
we are
Nosotros/as
you(all) are
Vosotros/as
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes. they are

Uses of SER and ESTAR

SER y ESTAR are not

interchangeable, although they are

both translated by to be in English.
Note how they are used.

Uses of Estar
Estar is used when someone or something
is in a temporary state:
Estoy casado/a. (I was not born married,
and I could get divorced.)
Estar is always the verb to be that you
use to say where things or people are:
El piso(La casa) est en las afueras.

To address condition, use estar.

Estar is an irregular verb.
ESTAR
I am
Yo Estoy
Ests
you are
T
l/ella/Ud. Est he/she/it is
Estamos we are
Nosotros/as
Estis
you are
Vosotros/as
Estn
they are
Ellos/as

Uses of Estar
Location/position: El libro est en la mesa.
= The book is on the table.
Temporary condition/state: La ventana
est abierta. = The window is open.
State of health: Juan est enfermo. = John
is sick.
Form progressive tense: Miguel est
estudiando = Michael is studying

Uses of Estar
Sometimes changing the verb can

completely change the meaning: ser

aburrido means to be boring, while
estar aburrido means to be bored.
Others include: ser bueno to be
nice, estar bueno to be in good
health; ser callado to be discrete,
estar callado to be silent.

Completa con est o estn

1. Mara ..........con un amigo.
2. Ellos .........contentos
3. Luis .........bien
4. Ellas ........en casa.
5. Jos .........en Brasil.
6. Ellas ........en el hospital.
7. Andrea ........ en cama.
8. Antonio ........ enfermo.

Ser = to be
Ser is used when someone or something

is in a permanent state: Soy una mujer

Espaola. (I am and always will be a
Spanish women.)
Ser is used to identify or describe. It tells
what something is, its basic
characteristics, or its origin. Es mi
hermano.

Uses of Ser = to be
Identify person/object: El edificio es un

templo. = The building is a temple.

Nationality/Occupation: Es carpintero. =
He is a carpenter. Es Argentino
Telling time: Son las tres = It's three
o'clock.
Express ownership: Los libros son de Juan
= The books are John's.

Ser translated as "to be."

SER
soy I am
Yo
eres you are
T
l/ella/Ud. es he/she/it is
somos we are
Nosotros/as
sois you-all are
Vosotros/as
Ellos/Ellas/Uds. son they are

Ser and estar can both be

translated as "to be."
SER
ESTAR
TO BE
soy
Estoy
I am
eres
Ests
You are
Est
he/she/it is es
somos
Estamos
we are
sois
Estis
You are
son
Estn
they are

Days of the Week- Das de la

semana
the day el da
la semana
the week
el fin de semana
the week end
today hoy
yesterday ayer
anteayer
day before yesterday
maana
tomorrow
pasado maana
day after tomorrow

Completa con est o estn

1. Mara ..........con un amigo.
2. Ellos .........contentos
3. Luis .........bien
4. Ellas ........en casa.
5. Jos .........en Brasil.
6. Ellas ........en el hospital.
7. Andrea ........ en cama.
8. Antonio ........ enfermo.

Completa con el artculo

definido adecuado.
La Pscina
La pelcula
El Museo
El ro
La Catedral
Maleta

Pon un sujeto a las siguientes

oraciones.

1. ....... estis en casa.

2. ....... es brasileo.
3. ....... estn en el teatro.
4. ........estoy cansado.
5. ........somos espaoles.
6. ........eres mecnico
7. ........est bien.
8. ........estamos en la calle.
9. ........es mdico.
10. ......sois argentinos.

Completa con el artculo

definido adecuado.

1. ......... habitacin.
2. ..........dormitorio
3. ..........piso
4. ..........dinero
5. ..........montaa
6. ..........cine
7. ..........playa
8. ..........precio
9. ..........tren
10. .........ropa

Completa con el artculo

indefinido adecuado.

1. ......... pantaln.
2. ..........corbata.
3. ..........avin.
4. ..........modelo.
5. ..........cuaderno.
6. ..........boda.
7. ..........cheque
8. ..........banco.
9. ..........cocinero
10. .........actor

Articles & Demonstratives

Artculos Definidos y
Indefinidos

Singular
Plural
Mas. Fem.
Masc.
Fem.
the el la
the los
las
a, an
un una
someunos
unas

Articles & Demonstratives

El is also used with feminine nouns

beginning with a or ha when the accent is

on the first syllable(el rbol). Words that
end in -o and -or are generally masculine,
with a few exceptions: la mano (hand), la
foto (photo). Words that end in -a are
generally feminine, with a few exceptions:
el mapa (map), el problema (problem).
Other feminine words end in -cin, -tad,
-dad, or -tud.

Nouns for males (people and

animals)
el padre father
el toro bull
Nouns ending in exceptions
-o
la mano
hand
la foto
photograph
la moto
motorbike
-e(most)
la calle
street
la gente
people
la clase
class
la llave
key

Las ciudades de espaa

Madrid Barcelona
Valencia Sevilla
Bilbao Zaragoza
Santander Salamanca
Valladolid Malaga
Cadiz
Alicante
La Corua Girona
Mallorca Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Las ciudades de espaa

Tener = to have
Presente = Present tense
tengo I have
tienes you have
tiene he/she/it has
tenemos we have
tenis you have
tienen they have

Question Words
what Qu?
how much
how cmo? how many
who quin?(es)
which
when
cundo? whom
where
dnde? whose
why por qu?

cunto? (-a)
cuntos (-as)
cul(es)
a quin(es)
de quin(es)

Los profesiones =
professions

profesor/a = professor
mdico = doctor
periodista = journalist/reporter
ingeniero/a = engineer
entrenador = coach
abogado/a = lawyer
jardinero/a = gardener

Los profesiones =
professions
conductor/a(chofer) =

conductor/driver
cocinero/a = cook
enfermero/a = nurse
jubilados = retired
estudiante = student
jugador/jugadora = player
pintor/a = painter

Los profesiones =
professions

cantante = singer
actor/actriz = actor/actress
escritor/a = writer
modelo = model
Cientfico/a = scientist
poltico/a = Politician
secretario/a = secretary

Los profesiones =
professions

polica = policeman/woman
piloto = pilot
camarero/a = waiter/waitress
cartero = postman
peluquero/a = hairdesser; barber
torero/a = bullfighter
diseador/a = designer

Los profesiones =
professions
Bombero = fireman
Investigador/a = researcher
Cajero/a = cashier
Administradora = administrator
Arquitecto = architect

Conjugating Regular Verbs

Remember that verbs do not require
subject pronouns, sp just canto means
I sing. Here are some regular verbs.

-ar
bailar
= to dance
estudiar = to study
hablar = to speak
escuchar = to listen caminar = to walk
viajar = to travel
cantar = to sing,
jugar = to play

Conjugating Regular Verbs

-er
aprender = to learn
comer = to eat
correr = to run
conocer, querer,
Saber

leer = to read
vender = to sell
beber = to drink

How do I use adjectives in

Spanish?
As in most latin languages the the

adjective goes after the noun. In

English it is the opposite.
Eg. In English we say: "A red book"
but in Spanish we say "A book red"
Eg. A red book = Un libro rojo.

How do I use adjectives in

Spanish?
All the nouns in Spanish are either masculine or

feminine and when we use an adjective they must

agree with the gender of the noun. Also the
adjective must agree in number so if the noun is
plural so is the adjective.
Generally speaking masculine adjectives end in "o"
and feminine adjectives end in "a". There are also a
lot of
adjectives that do not have an "a" or "o" ending eg.
verde = green in which case there is no difference
when you use them with masculine or feminine
nouns.

How do I use adjectives in

Spanish?
Noun

Adjective Translation
Una chica guapa .
Unas chicas
guapas .
Un libro
rojo
.
Unos libros rojos
.

How do I use adjectives in

Spanish?
Noun

Adjective Translation
Una chica guapa A pretty girl
Unas chicas
guapas Some pretty
girls
Un libro
rojo
A red book
Unos libros rojos
Some red books

Adjectives = Adjetivos
Bueno x Malo;
Guapo/a x Feo/a
Grande x Pequeo;
Pobre x rico
Alto/a x Bajo/a;
Gordo x Flaco;
Frio x calor,

Escribe el adjetivo de
significado contrario

Los Hoteles en Las Vegas no son

baratos(cheap). Son caros(costly)

El Palacio de los reyes no es
pequea. Es .........
La actriz Penelope no es gorda.
Es ............

Prepositions =
Preposiciones
A at, to
with
Con
Contra against
De of, from
En in, on
Entre between, among
Hacia towards, about
for, in order, by
Para

Prepositions =
Preposiciones
for, through, along, via
Por
Sobre on, over
without
Sin
alrededor de around
cerca de near, close to
far from
lejos de
hasta till, until
desde from, since

Prepositions =
Preposiciones
There are two prepositional

contractions with definite articles. A

and el combine to form al, and de
and el combine to form del.

Prepositions =
Preposiciones
El coche ____ mi hermano es rojo.
Este avion es ____ pasajeros.
____ qu hora viene tu padre?
Yo voy __ casa __ Juan.
Dhoni vive __ su familia.
El edificio es preciosa__ dentro.
Siempre viene __ molestarnos

Prepositions =
Preposiciones
El ladrn entra __ la puerta atras.
__ dnde vienes?
____ cuando vives aqu?
Nosotros somos __ Paris.
Es un cuadro __ Picasso.
Voy al cine __ mi hermano.
El partido de cricket ____ India y Inglaterra.

Prepositions =
Preposiciones
Estoy aqui __ las cinco.
Vive aqu ____ su infancia.
____ dnde vamos?
No sabemos nada ____ ahora.
No tengo ndad ___ la cartera.
____ ellos dos no hay secretos.
Cultivo flores ____ mi jardn.

Prepositions =
Preposiciones
Me trataron ____ cario.
No voy ____ l al teatro.
Trabaja ___ mucha gente.
Desde ayer estamos ____ agua.
El gato est ____ la silla.
Acta ___ responsibilidad

Vocabulario
estudiante (m/f)
escocs/escocesa
espaol/espaola
ingls/inglesa
actor/actriz
alemn/alemana
cantante(m/f)
cientfico/a
cocinero/a
escritor/escritora

student
Scottish
Spanish
English
actor/actress
German
singer
scientist
cook
writer

Vocabulario

holands/holandesa
modelo (m/f)
pintor/pintora
mdico/a
bombero(m/f)
abogado/a
griego/a
investigador/investigadora
arte(m)
derecho(m)
empresariales(f pl)
idiomas (m pl)

Dutch
model
painter
doctor
fireman
lawyer
Greek
researcher
art
law
business studies
languages

Vocabulario

nieto/a
primo/a
sobrino/a
mayor
menor
periodismo(m)
juntos/as
jubilado/a
campo(m)
piso(m)
viejo/a

grandson/daughter
cousin
nephew/niece
older
younger
journalism
together
retired
countryside
flat
old

Vocabulario

cocina(f)
comedor(m)
cuarto de bao(m)
jardn(m)
aparcamiento(m)
alquilar
caro/a
alfombra(f)
cuadro(m)
hay
lmpara(f)

kitchen
dining room
bathroom
garden
car park
to rent
expensive
carpet
picture
there is/ there are
lamp

Vocabulario
cantina(f)
biblioteca(f)
laboratorio(m)
medioda(m)
terminar
ama de casa(f)
camarero/a
durante
jardinero/a

canteen
library
lab
midday
to finish
home-maker
waiter/waitress
during
gardener

Vocabulario

leche(f)
mantequilla(f)
mermelada(f)
libre
azucar
verduras
cine(m)
compaero/a
balcn(m)

milk
butter
jam
free
sugar
vegetables
cinema
companion
balcony

Viva Espaa
SPAIN

Prof. YCS Xavier, 99 40 13 23 43