Motion Coupled Electro-magnetics

Beta Feature Version 12

Deepak Ganjoo

Aug 2008

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Overview
A beta feature capability at V12 allows for
solving Emag-motion coupled static and timetransient problems.
The moving body (Armature) is assumed to
be rigid and is modeled by a single mass
element.
The Emag domain consists of two
independent multibody parts
An Armature (Moving) part
A Stationary (Stator) part
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Overview
The Emag-motion capability supports
Electric excitation
Voltage, current

Mechanical excitation
Mechanical force/torque, displacement/rotation

Supported Element Types for coupling

New SOLID236/237 Emag elements
MASS21 Structural element

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Introduction
-The motion coupled emag capability assumes a
lumped mass approach for the Armature (moving
part).
-The armature & stator components must be
meshed separately and the interface must be in
the air region. Restrictions apply (See Ladder
Mesh Section)
-AZ dof continuity is maintained by using
program-generated constraint equations on the
interface nodes
-Valid for static and transient analyses
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Introduction
-The lumped mass is associated with the armature
-The emag PDE and motion PDE are solved in a
coupled manner
- During a transient analysis, the position of the
armature is set by the computed/imposed
displacement/rotation of the Mass node. The
armature mesh is not physically moved. Movement is
accounted for by changing terms of the constraint
equations at the interface.
- For electric loading, computed force/torque on the
armature is transferred to the lumped mass node

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Ladder Mesh
The Armature and Stator interface is
restricted to a specific meshing pattern
In the direction of motion, the element
divisions may be non-uniform and independent
(Armature and Stator meshes)
In the direction orthogonal to motion, the
element divisions must exactly match between
the Armature and Stator meshes.
The interface surface must reflect a structured
quad mesh
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Ladder Mesh Example

Rotor Multibody Part

Air

Rotor

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Ladder Mesh Example

Rotor (Armature) Part
Rotor interface: Structured mesh shows quad surfaces from underlying brick
Elements. Element divisions around the circumference may be non-uniform.
Divisions along the machine axis must align with the Stator mesh divisions.

Interface surface

Machine Axis
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Ladder Mesh Example

Stator Part

Interface Surface

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Treating Periodic/Anti-Periodic
Surfaces
Reference Coordinate
System

Lower Angle
surfaces

Higher Angle
surfaces

For Release 12, scope the lower-angle surfaces to the Periodic High entry,
And the higher-angle surfaces to the Periodic Low entry. (This is a bug that will
be addressed)

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Commands
ARMCNTRL,key,IntName
Sets controls for a motion coupling interface between
an armature(moving body) and a stationary body.
Key
On activates interface computations
Off deactivates interface computations
Stat lists the interface details
Dele deletes a defined interface
IntName
Name of the interface to be deleted. Valid only if key =
dele option
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Commands
ARMINT,IntName,Lcsys,Armdir,StatComp,ArmComp,M
assNode,ForComp,IntType,MapTol,SymMult
Defines a motion coupling interface between an
armature(moving body) and a stationary body.
IntName
Name of the motion coupling interface
Lcsys
Local coordinate system number associated with
the interface( see CSYS command for valid numbers).
Coordinate systems may be defined with the LOCAL
command. The origin of the Lcsys coordinate system
is used for torque computations.
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Commands
Lcsys contd
The node used to represent the lumped mass
of the armature(MassNode) should be
rotated(NROTAT command) into the Lcsys
coordinate system. Lcsys must be cartesian
or cylindrical only.
Armdir
The direction of motion of the armature
with respect to Lcsys. Enter 1,2, or 3 only. If
Lcsys is cylindrical Armdir must be set to 2.
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Commands
StatComp
The component name for the stationary interface
elements. The element must be 8-noded quad
(MESH200 created using ESURF)
ArmComp
The component name for the moving armature
interface elements. The element must be 8-noded
quad( MESH200 created using ESURF)

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Commands
MassNode
The node number associated with a
lumped mass representation of the armature.
Use this node to define a lumped mass
element( MASS21 ).
ForComp
The node component representing the set
of nodes used to compute electromagnetic
force/torque on the armature body.
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Commands
IntType
The interpolation expression used in defining
the constraint equations between the armature and
stationary body interface nodes. Currently the only
choice is 0.
MapTol
A tolerance used for sorting the interface nodes.
The sorting is used for efficient mapping between the
armature interface nodes and the stationary body
interface nodes. A positive value is a relative
tolerance and is dimensionless. A negative value is
an absolute tolerance and has the dimension of
length.
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Commands
SymMult
Symmetry multiplier for computed
electromagnetic force/torque. The computed
force/torque is multiplied with this number
before it is applied to the MassNode as a
load. Useful when using sector
models( periodic or anti-periodic boundary
conditions). The default is 1.0 and is good
enough for full models( one sector of 360
degrees).
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Performance
The Emag-motion capability presently
supports Shared memory Parallel (SMP)
solution.
Our intent is to support Distributed Memory
Parallel (DMP) by the time of the R12 release.
DMP should give the best scaling.

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Example Emag-Motion Coupled

Problem run through Workbench

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Simple Machine Configuration

Reference: TEAM24 Benchmark Problem

Half Symmetry (Anti-periodic)

Stator Coil
350 turns
7.41 Amps
Transient Simulation
Step current load
End time = 0.04 sec.
Uniform time step = .002 sec.

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Configuring Workbench
Workbench can be configured to run time
transient Emag problems as well as motioncoupled problems.
The 236/237 elements types are activated
using the Variable Manager
Command Snippets can be used to
supplement the current workbench features
to run transient problems.

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Configuring inside Workbench

Activating 23X elements

The new 233/237 element may be activated in Workbench by setting a Variable

Name in the Workbench Variable Manager.

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Configuring inside Workbench

Geometry Folder

For each steel part, assign AZ-VOLT degree of freedom option and specify
time-integrated VOLT potential. Steel resistivity may be defined here or using
Engineering Data (Resources). Other keyopt settings may be used depending
on the physics requirements in the conducting domains.

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Configuring inside Workbench

Magnetostatic Environment Folder - Transient

Use this first snippet to configure the problem for transient analysis. Also, apply
Any constraints to the VOLT dof in the eddy current regions (Steel). Use the
OUTRES command to store velocity and acceleration terms if desired for the
Mass21 element.

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Configuring inside Workbench

Magnetostatic Environment Folder Emag motion

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Configuring inside Workbench

Magnetostatic Environment Folder Emag motion

(cont).

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Torque Vs. Time

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Flux linkage vs. time: Pole piece

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Rotor rotation angle vs. Time

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Nissan Model - periodic

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Periodic Model

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Winding Model

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