Ground Operations and

Servicing
Ground Operations and
Servicing
A. Objective:
I. Learn the Safe Way to Start, Operate
and Move Aircraft In the Airport Area
II. Identify Shop Safety Procedures
III. Recognize Safety Labels
IV. Fuel and Defuel Aircraft
V. Learn Flight Line Safety
General Safety
Precautions
A. Shop Safety
I. Material Safety Data Sheets
II. Container Labeling
III. Electrical safety

B. Ramp Safety
C. Tool Safety
Compressed Gas Safety
A. Handling
B. Storage
C. Marking
D. Usage
Fire Safety
A. Nature of Fire
B. Spontaneous Ignition
C. Fire Extinguishing
D. Extinguisher Agents
E. Types of Extinguishers
Flight Line Safety
A. Propeller and Rotor Arcs
B. Jet Engine Inlets
C. Jet Engine Thrust Areas
D. FOD
E. External Power
Towing Aircraft
A. Tow Bars
B. Turn Limits
C. Tugs
D. Wing Walkers
E. Pre-Flight
Starting Aircraft
A. Use of Checklist
B. Pre-Flight
C. Small Reciprocating Engines
(Fixed Pitch Props)
I. Normally Aspirated Engines
II. Fuel Injected Engines
Starting Aircraft
D. Large Reciprocating Engines
(Controllable Props)
E. Radial Engines
I. Special Conditions
1. Hydraulic Lock
Starting Aircraft
F. Hand Propping Engines
G. Turbine Engines
I. Precautions
1. Hot Starts
2. Hung Starts

II. Authorizations
Taxing Aircraft
A. Small Aircraft (Under 12,500lbs)
B. Large Aircraft (Over 12,500lbs)
C. Un-controlled Airports
D. Controlled Airports
E. Airport Markings
Ground Servicing
Equipment
A. Electrical
B. Air for Starting
C. Air for Cabins
D. Hydraulic
Fuels
A. Solid
B. Liquid
I. Aviation Gasoline
II. Jet Fuel
C. Gas
Characteristics of Av-Gas
A. Volatility
B. Vapor Lock
C. Carburetor Icing
D. Aromatic Fuels
E. Detonation
F. Pre-Ignition
G. Octane and Performance Ratings
Characteristics of Av-Gas
H. Contamination of Av-gas
i. Water
ii. Sediment
H. Fuel Identification
Characteristics of Jet Fuel
A. Affinity for Water
B. Grades
C. Identification
Fueling Aircraft
A. Fire Hazards
B. Static Electricity
C. Pumping Stations
D. Trucks
E. Fueling Form Containers
F. Pressure or Single Point Fueling
De-Fueling Aircraft
A. Reasons
B. Precautions
C. Contaminated Fuel Disposal
Marshalling Aircraft on the
Ground
A. Hand Signals
I. Aircraft
II. Helicopters
B. Light Signals
Preparing Aircraft for
Storage
A. Tie Downs
B. Short Term Storage
I. Outdoors
II. Indoors
C. Long Term Storage
I. Outdoors
II. Indoors
Preparing Aircraft for
Storage
D. Preparing for Storm Conditions
I. High Wind Conditions
II. Heavy Rain or Snow
D. Securing Helicopters
E. Seaplanes and Planes on Skis
I. Seasonal Conditions
1. Winter
2. Summer