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Challenges in School

Education

Gurgaon Progressive Schools Council


and
CBSE Sahodaya School Complexes ( Gurgaon )

Presentation by
Vishal Jain
Chief Editor
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Advisor Shanti Niketan Vidyapeeth

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Structure of Indian Education


System
Pre-primary Education- LKG and
UKG
Primary Education- class 1 to
class 5 (age 6-11)
Secondary Education- class 6class10 (age 11-15)
Higher Secondary Educationclass 11to class 12 (age 15-17)
Graduation- Professional 4 years,
medical 5 years,arts and
commerce 3 years.
Post graduation- 1.5 to 3 years.
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Current scenario in India


GOI aimed to achieve Universal
Elementary Education by 2010
Several challenges in achieving this goal:
Out of approx. 200 million children in the
age group 6-14 yrs, only 177 million were
enrolled; percentage of out of school
children works out to be 11.5%.
(source: National Sample Survey (200405)
About 39% of primary and 54% of upper
primary students drop-out of school.
(source: DISE 2005-06)
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Challenges contd...
Wide disparities in the educational
status of different regions.
Quality of education is poor in
many schools because of high pupilteacher ratio. (national average is
46:1 with some states high as 68)
Out of school children mainly from
marginalized groups-girls,working
children, economically
disadvantaged children, children
with special needs,and children with
multiple disadvantages.
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Challenges contd...
Dearth of qualified and trained
teachers. (A study conducted by
NUEPA found that about 47 lakh
elementary teachers in India have
not studied beyond the higher
secondary level)
A large digital divide exists,and is
growing,between students in affluent
private schools and other students.

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School Availability
8.8 lakhs elementary schools
3 to 4 lakhs upper primary schools
1.46 lakhs secondary and senior
secondary schools
Though there is an increase in the
number of schools in the recent
years, but still this number is not
adequate to accommodate the outof-school children and the growing
number of students who transit
from one level to another.
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Some Facts

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Challenge of Access-1:
No. of Secondary Schools ( Classes IX-X) per 100
Sq. Km.

States having schools less than all India


average

ALL GUJ

HP

RJ

UP

MP

JK

Source: Based on Selected Educational Statistics2004-05


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Challenge of Access-2:
No. of Secondary Schools ( Classes IX-X) per
100 Sq. Km.

States having schools more than all India


average

ALL TN AP KN MH OR PJ WB AS HR KL

Source: Based on Selected Educational Statistics


-2004-05
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Challenge Of Participation-1:
Gross Enrollment Ratio (Cross Country Comparison)

CU

SA

SL

EG

TH

HG MX VT

CH

ML IND Asia

SOURCE: UNESCO Institute for Statistics,


October, 2005
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10

Challenge Of Participation-2:
Gross Enrollment Ratio
States having GER less than all India average

ALL AS UP MP

CH

RJ JK WB NL JH BH

Source : Selected Educational Statistics


2004-05
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11

Challenge Of Participation-3:
Gross Enrolment Ratio (Classes IX-X)
States having GER more than all India average

ALL AP AR HR OR GJ TR KN MH GA UT TN KL

Source : Selected Educational Statistics


2004-05
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12

Challenge Of Participation-4:
Disparity in gross enrolment ratio (IX-X)

Source: Selected Educational Statistics


2004-05
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13

Few Questions to Answer.


GOI aimed for UEE by 2012
BUT

Do we have enough schools to


accommodate all children?
Do we have enough teachers and
whether the teachers available are
well trained and qualified?
Do we have quality provisions for
schools or only quantity is a
concern?
Do we have measures for assuring
retention in schools or just
enrolment will work?
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Other Challenges In
School Education

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Dualist
It operatescharacter
with a strong class
bias.
There is a wide disparity in
quality.
More than 75% students attend
poor even rock-bottom quality.
On one hand there
are
students from affluent private
schools and on other students
from poor-quality schools.
Need of Common School System

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Tremendous Academic Pressure


On both teachers and
students
Our school councils and
universities produce
curriculum as bundles of
goods or packages of
values.
It has been the practice of
the educationists to burden
the students with heavy
load of study materials. The
workload is still heavier in
professional courses.
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The Authoritarian System


The authoritarian system,the
rigid and undemocratic
structure in many of our
schools, still continues
without much change.
People who are active
participants namely teachers
and students do not have a
proper say.
The students do not get
opportunity of decision
making for the services they
use.
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Traditional "banking" method


of education
The traditional "banking" method
of education, that sees pupils as
adaptable, manageable beings,
still continues in many schools.
Concentrating on accumulating
deposits of knowledge, students
do not develop the critical
consciousness that would lead
them to involve with the social
process and change it. It kills
their critical power and creativity.
Spoon feeding must be ended soon
in classrooms.
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Making Schools Inclusive


We are still far from achieving
inclusion in schools- no
mainstreaming in practice
Only selective Inclusion is
there i.e. Inclusion of those
with minor disability
Teachers training for the same.
Need of flexible curriculum for
inclusion
Adequate resources for
Inclusive education
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Trained Manpower
Dearth of passionate and
committed teaching
workforce.
Proper deployment of teachers
across country is required
Teacher Assessment is
important.
Induction programmes should
not be missed.
Lack of leadership skill in
school professionals.
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Vocational Courses
A huge number of
vocational courses should
be introduced.
In Canada more than
6000 vocational courses
are available instead of
200 in India.

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Language; a concern
Language problem-one of the causes of
drop-outs
English used in schools which is other
than the native language- a big
challenge
Focus shifts from gaining knowledge to
learning language and then studying in
the same language
Mother tongue is important esp. in the
first year of school
Multilingualism should be embraced In
schools
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Synergy
A synergy should be there
in all schools for a uniform
education

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Students learn differently


Multiple Intelligence ..

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Assessment
Performance Based Assessment is
preferable over traditional
assessment.
No more recalling answers to
questions
Students should be assigned a task in
which they can demonstrate their
mastery and then assessment should
be based on their performance
Cramming wont work; meaningful
task and expertise is required.

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Academic Excellence
Schools should be high performing
Curriculum, instruction and
assessment should be aligned with
high standards
Students must be expected to meet
or exceed those standards
Instructional strategies should include
a variety of challenging and engaging
activities.
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Some questions on academic


excellence
Is there any zest for learning
among students and teachers?
Are students expected to meet
high academic standards?
Can students explain what they
are doing in their classes and why
is it important?
Do teachers know why they teach
and what they are teaching?
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Other Challenges
Life skills deployment
Alternatives to homework
Hobby / Talent development in
Schools
Creative activities
Academic Pressure on students
Moral values
Students movements towards
Sex, Alcohol, Crime, Insults etc.
ICT, Technology in Schools
Integrated Learning
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CONFLICTING DEMANDS
Education for
all
Prolonged
compulsory
education
Lifelong
learning
Stress on
team work
and
collaboration
Values, such
as:
environmental
protection,
tolerance,
understanding

Increased
social
differences
High rate of
dropp-out
Complaints
about little
knowledge
Allientaion
Increased
violence,
competitivene
ss and stress
on material
values

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Strategy
School level change is the objective improving learning outcomes,
quality and equity
improved school management
school environment and teacherchild relationship
improved teaching-learning
materials and equipments
meaningful school-community
partnership
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Strategy contd...
Capacity building of teachers
improving students
assessment methods
exchange of ideas and
resources among different
schools (rotation system)
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Together
We have to build better
Schools and meet the
demands of the society
The task of preparing
better citizens of the
country is in our hands

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Thank you..

Vishal Jain
0-98973-11111
vishal@nageen.com
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