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Scarcity of Water.
Most part of Maharashtra is drought prone.
Maharashtra, had witnessed 3,400 farmers'
deaths every year over the past decade.
According to sources, around 16 lakh hectares
of crop has got damaged in the recent calamity
with losses crossing over Rs 5,000 crore.
Scarcity of Water.
Scarcity of Water.
Scarcity of Water.
Is there a
Solution?
WATERSHED
MANAGEMENT
is the solution to one and all.
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WHAT IS WATERSHED?
A watershed is a basin like landform defined by
peaks
which
are
connected
by
ridges
that
CHARACTERISTICS OF
WATERSHEDS
SIZE: It helps in computing parameters like precipitation
received, retained, drained off.
SHAPE: Different shapes based on morphological
parameters like geology and structure, eg. pear, elongated
etc.
PHISIOGRAPHY: Lands altitude and physical disposition.
SLOPE: It controls the rainfall distribution and movement:
CLIMATE: It decides the quantitative approach.
DRAINAGE: It determines the flow characteristics and so
the erosion behavior.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
WATERSHEDS
VEGETATION: Information of species gives a sure
ground for selection plants and crops.
GEOLOGY AND SOILS: Their nature determines size,
shape, physiographic, drainage and groundwater
conditions. Soils, derivative of rocks are the basic to
greenery
HYDROLOGY: Basic to final goal of growing greenery in a
watershed. It helps in quantification of water available.
HYDROGEOLOGY: Availability of groundwater.
SOCIOECONOMICS: Statistics on people and their
health, hygiene, wants and wishes are important in
managing water.
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ADVANTAGES OF
WATERSHED APPROACH
ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY
SAVES TIME AND MONEY
GREATER PEOPLES PARTICIPATION
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WATERSHEDSHED
MANAGEMENT
It involves management of land, water,
energy and greenery integrating all the
relevant approaches appropriate to
socioeconomic
background
for
a
pragmatic development of a watershed
Greening of the watershed through
proper management of land water and
energy resource.
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Soil Conservation
Techniques
Contour
Gully control
Green carpeting
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contour
gully
contour
Green carpeting
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Components of Rainwater
Harvesting
Catchments
Coarse mesh
Conduits
Storage facility
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Rainwater Harvesting in A
House
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Rainwater Harvesting in A
House
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Rainwater Harvesting
Through Recharge Well
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Rural Scenario
India's total land area is over 300 million hectares. Let us assume
that India's 587,000 villages can harvest the runoff from 200 million
hectares of land, excluding inaccessible forest areas, high mountains
and other uninhabited terrains, that still gives every village on
average access to 340 hectares or a rainfall endowment of 3.75
billion litres of water.
These calculations show the potential of rainwater harvesting is
enormous and undeniable.
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Greenery
Dry land agriculture
Irrigation
Forestry
Horticulture
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Integrated multidisciplinary
approach
Protect natural resources
Attain good yields
Coordinate the man power with
limited funds
Community participation
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METAMORPHOSIS OF RALEGAN
RAPPORT BUILDING
AMONG ELDERS AND YOUTH.
Contd.
Income from agriculture increased from
Rs3,45,910 to Rs.31,72,678 peer annum.
Milk yield increased from 300ltr. To 4000
ltr. In 2002
Per capita increase from Rs.271 to
Rs.2257.
Best health indicator
provision of safe drinking water
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Contd
Supply of water for industries.
Removal of caste barriers and
promoting social cohesiveness.
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STRATERGIES FOLLOWED
Horticulture development
&
Drip irrigation.
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Watershed development
Krishna lift irrigation project Lifts up water from Kukdi canal 3 km away from
Ralegan Siddhi and irrigates 350 acres of 80
farmers.
Water co-operatives
Water rationing
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Future Perspective :
Possibility to rebuild natural
capital.
Increase of use of nonconventional energy.
Promoting self sufficiency in
villagers.
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