Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Human Resources
Why it is a resource
In contrast to material and Finance resources,
Human are the driving forces of other two
resources for achieving of organizational
objectives.
Behind the production of every product or
service there is human mind, effort and man
hours (working hours). no product or service
can be produced without help of human being.
Human being is the fundamental resource for
making or constructing anything.
Organizations
What is an organization
Organization is the foundation upon which the whole
structure of management is built in a business entity.
Organization is related with developing a frame work where
the total work is divided into manageable sections in order
to facilitate the achievement of objectives or goals.
Further it can be explained as a socialunitof people that
isstructuredand managed to meet aneedor to pursue
collectivegoals. All organizations have a management
structurethat determines the relationship between
differentactivitiesand themembers, and subdivides
andassignsroles,responsibilities, andauthorityto carry
out differenttasks.
What is an organization
..contd;
Different scholars have defined organizations in different
ways.
According to Louis A. Allen, "Organization is the process
of identifying and grouping the work to be performed,
defining and delegating responsibility and authority, and
establishing relationship for the purpose of enabling
people to work most effectively together in
accomplishing objectives."
According to keith Davis, "Organization can be defined as
a group of individuals, large of small, that is cooperating
under the direction of executive leadership in
accomplishment of certain common object."
Objectives of Organizations
Irrespective of what business, that the
organization involves in, there are key main
objects that are in common to all of them.
Types of Organizations
Broadly there are few types of organizations that
are available in commercial sector
1. Manufacturing, Producing and Marketing
2. Trading Organizations
3. Service Providing Organizations
Service
Trading
Forms of Business
Organizations
Sole Proprietorship
Partnership
Private Limited Companies
Public Limited Companies
Government Co operations
Public Private Partnerships
Representation/ Liaison Office
Joint Ventures
Multinational Co operations
3. Chateau de Goulaine
Founded: 1000
Located in Haute Goulaine, France, the Chateau de Goulaine is a
historical castle that is owned by the Goulaine family and open to the
public for weddings and other functions. It has a renowned museum
on its premises as well as a collection of rare butterflies. On most
days, hundreds of butterflies can be found flying freely to the delight
of visitors. The Chateau de Goulaine is also famous for its vineyards
and elegant wines.
4. Fonderia Pontificia Marinelli
Founded: 1000
This bell foundry was founded by the Marinelli family in Agnone, Italy,
a small town in the Appenine hills. The Fonderia Pontificia Marinelli
still uses traditional techniques to create its bells: they first make a
bell out of wax then overlay it with metal. Some of the company's
bells can be found in Jerusalem, New York, Beijing, Korea and some
places in South America. The foundry currently employs 20 people,
including five Marinelli family members, led by managing director
Pasquale Marinelli. There is also a museum beside the foundry that
showcases the sculptures of Ettore Marinelli, Pasquale's brother.
Mutual interest:
In order to develop the organization behavior mutually
of interest organizations and people is necessary.
Organizations need people and people in tern need
organizations. People satisfy their needs through
organization and organization accomplish their goal
through people.
Ethics:
In order to attract and retain valuable employees in an
era in which good workers are constantly required away,
ethical treatment is necessary. To succeed, organization
must treat employees in an ethical fashion. Every
Company is required to establish codes of ethics,
publicized statements of ethical values etc
Evolution of Human
Resource
Slavery
Slaves, were used in the world since the
inception of early ages, medieval stage to
recent centuries till 1800s
Owners of the slaves got all the work done
by them with out any wages and those
human beings were treated in
unacceptable manner for mankind.
However the owners got best use of the
salves to get maximum productivity of their
production activities thereby supper profits.
Banning of Slavery
In late 1700s world trend work against slavery
and many organizations started lobbying the
governments to impose laws against slavery.
Denmark, which had been active in the slave
trade, was the first country to ban the trade
through legislation in 1792, which took effect
in 1803.
Britain banned the slave trade in 1807,
imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard
a British ship
1800 - 1820
Workers
In the beginning of 1800s, with lobbing of many
human right organizations, all powerful countries
had to abolish slavery
Slavery workers were given some amount of
freedom with some amount of adequate basic needs
such as food, cloths, rest (little more time to sleep)
Some industries stated practicing to give wages , so
that worker were given chance to select and buy
what they want
With in two decades also, almost all organizations
recognized workers instead slaves
1810 to 1900
Evolving of Personnel Management
Personnel Management came in
industries by 1810 -20 during the
rapid transformation period of use of
human in organizations
Robert Owen (1771-1858),social
and educational reformer,is
identified as father of Personnel
Management has done tremendous
work for workers in factories and
production organization thereby to all
1900 onwards
New Era of Management
Organization got higher output as result of development of
technology and efficient use of man power
Organizations achieved higher profits and growth
momentums
Use of human became management of human for better
outputs during this era referred to as Personal Management
Organizations stated moving out from national boundaries
and multinational organizations started evolving
Human involvement in organization became a resource
Thus Personal Management transformed in to Human
Resource Management
1920 onwards
Human Resource Management.
Elton Mayowas born in Adelaide,
South Australia on 26 December 1880
and died in Guildford, Surrey on
1 September 1949, was known as the father of
Human Resource Management.
Mayo went on to his most famous experiments - those
at the Hawthorne Works of the General Electric
Company in Chicago between 1924 and 1927.
He undertook further experimentation to find out
what effect fatigue and monotony had on job
productivity and how to control them through varying
rest breaks, work hours, temperature and humidity
Human Resource
Management
Human resource management is concerned with
the development and implementation of people
strategies, which are integrated with corporate
strategies, and ensures that the culture, values
and structure of the organization, and the quality,
motivation and commitment of its members
contribute fully to the achievement of its goals.
Human resource management is a collective
approach to the different functions of the
organization
1945
Revolution
onwards
11
Evolution of
Adams
1840 - 1900
Human Resource
Smiths
Management in
Wealth of
1920
Nation in
1900 onwards->
1776
industrialization
Industrial
achieving outputs and
Revolution 1
economies of scale
Personal
1760 -1840
Managemen
t evolve in
Started labor1820s
laws 8 hr per
day after
1820s
Slavery of
Human up
to 1800
Industrial Revolution - 1
TheIndustrial Revolutionwas the transition to
new manufacturing processes in the period from
about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.
This transition included going from hand
production methods to machines, new chemical
manufacturing and iron production processes,
improved efficiency ofwater power, the increasing
use ofsteam power, and the development
ofmachine tools.
It also included the change from wood and other
bio-fuelstocoal.
Industrial Revolution - 11
Steelis often cited as the first of several new areas for
industrial mass-production, which are said to
characterize a "Second Industrial Revolution",
beginning around 1850, although a method for mass
manufacture ofsteelwas not invented until the 1860s,
whenSir Henry Bessemerinvented a new furnace
which could convert moltenpig ironinto steel in large
quantities.
However, it only became widely available in the 1870s
after the process was modified to produce more
uniform quality.Bessemer steel was being displaced by
theopen hearth furnacenear the end of the 19th
century.
Conclusion
Evolution of HRM has resulted with many
changes in the world such as recognizing value
of humans, industrializations, innovations and
technological developments
After 1920s , with introduction of HRM by
Mayo, many scholars came out with different
theories for HRM, resulted development of the
recognition of Human at work as un
compromise resource that would change the
directions of the organizations to achieve its
objectives
Thank You