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Roots of Equations
- False-Position Method
Learning Outcome
At
False-Position Method
Let f (x)
xl
f ( xl )
xu
root
False-Position Method
xu , f ( xu )
the points xl , f ( xl ) and
joined together by a straight line. The
intersection of this line with the x-axis
represents an improved estimate of the
f (x)
root.
xu , f ( xu )
x
Now,
xl
xl , f ( xl )
xu
root
False-Position Method
By
xr xl xu xr
f (x)
f ( xu )
xr
xl
f ( xl )
xu
root
False-Position Method
Solving
for xr we have
xu f ( xl ) xl f ( xu )
xr
.......................(1)
f ( xl ) f ( xu )
This is one form of the method of false
position.
False-Position Method
An
f ( xl ) f ( xu )
f ( xl ) f ( xu ) f ( xl ) f ( xu )
xu
xu f ( xl )
xl f ( xu )
xu
f ( xl ) f ( xu )
f ( xl ) f ( xu )
xu f ( xl ) xu f ( xl ) xu f ( xu ) xl f ( xu )
xu
f
(
x
)
f
(
x
)
l
u
xu
f ( xu )( xu xl )
f ( xu )( xl xu )
xu
.............(2)
f ( xl ) f ( xu )
f ( xl ) f ( xu )
False-Position Method
As
False-Position Method
f (x)
f ( xu )
xr
f ( xr )
f ( xl )
xl
xu
root
False-Position Method
this way, the values ofxl andxu
always bracket the true root. The
process is repeated until the root is
estimated adequately.
The algorithm is identical to the one for
bisection with the exception that Eq.(2) is
used for step 2.
In addition, the same stopping criterion
is used to terminate the computation.
In
Example 1
The
Solution
Substituting
15
135
9.8m
f ( m)
1 e m 35 0
15
The
Solution
First
iteration:
mr mu
f (mu )(ml mu )
f (70)(50 70)
70
f (ml ) f (mu )
f (50) f (70)
(4.085732597)(20)
60.51423
(4.528713416 4.085732597)
f (ml ) f (mr ) f (50) f (60.51423)
70
(4.528713416)(0.288463929) 1.30637 0
Therefore,
ml 50
Solution
Second
iteration:
f (mu )(ml mu )
f (60.51423)(50 60.51423)
mr mu
60.51423
f (ml ) f (mu )
f (50) f (60.51423)
59.88461
59.88461 60.51423
100% 1.051%
59.88461
f (ml ) f (mr ) f (50) f (59.88461) 0.08491 0
Therefore,
ml 50
Solution
Third
iteration:
f (mu )(ml mu )
f (59.88461)(50 59.88461)
mr mu
59.88461
f (ml ) f (mu )
f (50) f (59.88461)
59.84386
59.84386 59.88461
100% 0.068% s 0.1%
59.84386
Thus,
Solution
This
15
35.00121 m / s
Example 2
Use
Solution
The
The
x (1) 1
and
xu 1.3
Solution
Using
xu
xr
f ( xl ) f ( xr )
a (%) t (%)
1.3
0.65
+ve
0.65
1.3
0.975
+ve
33.3
2.5
0.975
1.3
1.1375
-ve
14.3
13.8
0.975
1.1375
1.05625
-ve
7.7
5.6
0.975
1.05625
1.015625
-ve
4.0
1.6
After
5 iterations, the t
than 2%
35
is reduced to less
Solution
xl
xr
xu
f ( xl ) f ( xr )
a (%)
t (%)
1.3
0.09430
+ve
0.09430 1.3
0.18176
+ve
4.81
81.8
0.18176 1.3
0.26287
+ve
30.9
73.7
0.26287 1.3
0.33811
+ve
22.3
66.2
0.33811 1.3
0.40788
+ve
17.1
59.2
90.6