1.

1 human breathing
mechanism

HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

HUMAN BREATHING MECANISM

AIR PATH ENTER THE LUNGS

NOSE
TRACHEA
BRONCHI
BRONCHIOLES

ALVEOLI

WHAT IS RESPIRATION?
RESPIRATION REFERS TO THE
FOLLOWING PROCESS:

1. EXTERNAL RESPIRATION
2. INTERNAL RESPIRATION

EXTERNAL RESPIRATION

BREATHING
BREATHING
BREATHING IS
IS A
APHYSICAL
PHYSICAL
PROCESS
PROCESS IN
IN WHICH
WHICH
AIR
AIR IS
IS INHALED
INHALED (TAKEN
(TAKEN IN)
IN)
OR
OR EXHALED
EXHALED (GIVEN
(GIVEN OUT)
OUT)

INTERNAL RESPIRATION

CELL RESPIRATION
CELL
CELL RESPIRATION
RESPIRATION
TAKES
TAKES PLACE
PLACE WHEN
WHEN
FOOD
FOOD IS
IS OXIDISED
OXIDISED AND
AND
ENERGY
ENERGY IS
IS PRODUCED.
PRODUCED.

AS A CONCLUSION , WE OBTAIN
OUR ENERGY FROM THE
PROCESS OF RESPIRATION.

BREATHING MECHANISM
THERE ARE TWO STAGES.
1. AIR INHALATION
2. AIR EXHALATION

The process of inhalation and

exhalation

RIB CAGE

DIAGPHRAGM

DURING INHALATION
RIB CAGE

MOVES UPWARD AND

OUTWARD

DIAPHRAGM

CONTRACTS, MOVES
DOWNWARDS AND
FLATTENS

Air pressure

Thoracic cavity becomes

bigger.
Air pressure decrease.
The higher air pressure
outside forces air to flow into
the lung.

During exhalation
RIB CAGE

MOVES DOWNWARDS AND

INWARDS

DIAPHRAGM

EXPANDS AND CURVES

UPWARDS

Air pressure

Thoracic cavity becomes

smaller.
Air pressure increase.
The higher air pressure in the
lung forces the air out.

THE STRUCTURE OF THE

LUNGS

ACTIVITY 1.1: AIR PRESSURE IN THE

THORACIC CAVITY AND THE PROCESS OF
INHALATION AND EXHALATION

1. AIM:
To Study the relationship between air
pressure in the thoracic cavity and the
breathing mechanism.
2. Apparatus:
Bell jar, Y shaped glass tube, balloons, air
space, rubber sheet

3. observation
What happens to the balloon when the
rubber sheet pulled downwards?

the balloon will expand

What happens to the balloon when the
rubber sheet pushed upwards?

the balloon will shrink

4. Discussion
Name the parts of the respiratory system represented by

Bell jar

Thoracic cavity

Y-shaped glass tube Trachea and bronchi

Balloons

Lungs

Rubber sheet

Diaphragm

Name the process simulated when the

rubber sheet is pulled down.

Inhalation
Name the process simulated when the
rubber sheet is pushed up.

exhalation

THE STRUCTURE OF THE LUNGS.

TRACHEA

Trachea Divides Into Two

Smaller Tubes Called Bronchi

BRONCHI
BRONCHIOLES
Each Bronchiole
ends to form a group
of alveoli

The bronchi divide

into smaller branches
called bronchioles

ALVEOLI

CAPILLARIES

each alveolus is
surrounded by network
of blood vessel called
capillaries.

inference
When S is pulled down, the volume of the
bell jar will increased, therefore the air
pressure inside the bell jar will decreased.
Air pressure outside the bell jar is bigger
than the inside, so it forces the air to flow
into the balloon.