A PRESENTATION ON

CLASSIFICATION &
IDENTIFICATION OF PROCESS
HAZARD

PREPARED BY
Arif Vhora

GUIDED BY
Mrs. Sumita Panchal

HAZARD:
There is no Harmless chemicals, only Harmless way of using it
A condition, object, activity or event with the potential of
causing injuries to humans,
damage to environment and equipment,
loss of material or
reduction of ability to perform a prescribed function.
Active Hazardaccident
Hazard -Possibility > Risk.
Information on the hazardous properties of chemicals, and recommended
control measures, allows the production, transport, use and disposal of
chemicals to be managed safely.
Human health and the environment are protected.
2
Andow 1991, Introduction to Hazard, contract research report No.26/1991, P.Andow, Her Majestys Stationary Office,
1991.

HAZARD CLASSIFICATION
starting point for hazard communication.
only the intrinsic hazardous properties of substances and mixtures are
considered.

Physical Hazard

Health Hazard
Environmental
Hazard
Physical, Health and Environmental hazards are because of
hazardous properties of chemicals used and they are covered by
The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of
Chemicals (GHS).
Ref: United Nations, Globally Harmonized System of Classification and labeling of Chemicals (GHS)
(The Purple Book), pp.24-46, 2005.

Physical Hazards
Criteria for Physical Hazards

Explosives

Flammable gases

Flammable aerosols

Oxidizing gases

Gases under pressure

Self-heating substances and

mixtures
Substances and mixtures which, in
contact with water, emit
flammable gases

Oxidizing liquids

Oxidizing solids

Self-reactive substances and

mixtures

Organic peroxide

Compressed gas

Pyrophoric liquids

Corrosive to metal

Pyrophoric solids

Flammable liquids
Flammable solids

4
Ref: Globally Harmonized System of Classification and labeling of Chemicals (GHS)
(The Purple Book), pp.24-46, 2005.

Health Hazards

Acute toxicity

Skin corrosion/ irritation

Serious eye damage/ eye irritation

Respiratory or skin sensitization

Germ cell mutagenicity

Reproductive toxicity

Carcinogenicity

Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure)

Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure)

Aspiration hazard

Ref: United Nations, Globally Harmonized System of Classification and labeling of Chemicals (GHS)
(The Purple Book), pp.24-46, 2005.

Environmental Hazards

Hazardous to the aquatic environment

Classification Criteria for Substances Hazardous to Aquatic
Environment
Acute Category 1
Acute Category 2
Acute Category 3
Acute toxicity
Acute toxicity
Acute toxicity
1 mg/l
1 but 10 mg/l
10 but 100 mg/l
Chronic
Chronic
Chronic
Chronic
Category 1
Category 2
Category 3
Category 4
Acute toxicity
Acute toxicity
Acute toxicity
No acute toxicity
<1mg/l
> 1 but < 10 mg/l
> 10 but < 100 mg/l
and
lack of rapid
and
and
and
lack of rapid
lack of rapid
lack of rapid
degradability

degradability
degradability
and
degradability
and/or
and/or
BCF > 500
and/or
BCF > 500
BCF > 500
(or, log Kow > 4)
BCF > 500
(or, log Kow > 4)
(or, log Kow > 4)
and
(or, log Kow > 4)
and
and
unless chronic
toxicity >1 mg/l 6
unless chronic
unless chronic
toxicity > 1 mg/l
toxicity > 1 mg/l
Ref: United Nations, Globally Harmonized System of Classification and labeling of Chemicals (GHS)
(The Purple Book), pp.24-46, 2005.

Hazard Identification:

Labels

ELEMENTS

- Symbols called Pictograms

- Signal Words
- Hazard Statements
- Precautionary Statements
- Product Identification
- Supplier/Manufacturer Identification

Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

7

Pictograms:

8
Ref: United Nations, Globally Harmonized System of Classification and labeling of Chemicals (GHS)
(The Purple Book), pp.24-46, 2005.

Signal word:

Danger or Warning
Used to emphasis hazard and to discriminate between hazard categories
(level of hazard)
Example: Acute toxicity
Category 1, 2, 3
Danger,
Danger

Category 4
Warning
>
Warning

Hazard Statements
A single harmonised hazard statement for each hazard category
within each hazard class
e.g. Flammable liquid
Category 1
Extremely flammable liquid and vapour
Category 2
Highly flammable liquid and vapour

Globally Harmonized System of Classification and labeling of Chemicals (GHS) (The Purple Book), pp.24-46, 2005.

Precautionary Statements
A phrase that describes recommended measures that should be taken to
minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to
hazardous product, or improper storage or handling of a hazardous
product.

Example: Wear respiratory protection

Wash with soap and water
Store in a well ventilated place

Product Identifier

Substances
chemical identity (name as determined by IUPAC, ISO, CAS or
technical name)

UN proper shipping name also to be used on the package

10

United Nations, UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations (14th Revised Edition 2005).

Example
of
Label
Elements

11

SDS 16 Headings
9.

Physical and chemical

properties

10.

Stability and reactivity

Composition/information on
ingredients

11.

Toxicological information

12.

Ecological information

4.

First-aid measures

13.

Disposal considerations

5.

Fire-fighting measures

14.

Transport information

6.

Accidental release measures

15.

Regulatory information

7.

Handling and storage

16.

8.

Exposure controls/ personal

protection

Other information including

information on preparation
and revision of the SDS

1.
2.
3.

Identification of the substance

or mixture and of the supplier
Hazard(s) identification

THANK YOU..
Ref: United Nations, Globally Harmonized System of Classification and labeling of Chemicals (GHS)
(The Purple Book), pp.24-46, 2005.
Web reference: http://www.osha.gov/SDS/hazardcommunications/index.html (OSHA)

12