Professional Documents
Culture Documents
RECOGNITION
Sonia Santos
Bottom-Up Model.
Phonics
Definitions and Distinctions
Systematic phonics is the teaching of phonics with a clear
plan or program.
Phonics instruction teaches students to use the
relationship between letters and sounds to translate
printedSynthetic
text into
pronunciation.
Phonics
Analytic Phonics
Individual sounds
of wordssynthetic
and how
Distinction
between
phonics
and analytic
Emphasizes larger units of
to blend them into word
phonics:
pronunciation.
pronunciations.
Research on Reading
Systematic phonics instruction is more effective than
alternative in teaching children to read. (NRP).
Camilli, Vargas, and Yurecko (2003) have shown that the
combined effect of a number of literacy activities appears
to be larger than the effect of systematic phonics
instruction alone.
Fletcher and Lyon ( 1998) noted that gains in reading
skills are reinforced by an emphasis on good literature,
reading for enjoyment, and a meaning-based context.
Conclusion on Research
There is no secret formula that will address the needs of
every reader.
Differentiation: The teacher assesses students needs,
determines the appropriate methods to address those
needs, and creates individual and group experiences
accordingly.
Print-rich, comprehensive literacy program and delivered
in brief, individualized lessons.
References:
Robinson, R.D. and McKenna, M.C. (Eds.). (2008). Issues and
trends in literacy education. 4th ed. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Camilli, G., Vargas, S., & Yurecko, M. (2003). Teaching children
to read: The fragile link between science and federal education
policy Education Policy Analysis Archives, 11(15).
Fletcher, J.M., & Lyon, G.R. (1998). Reading: A research-based
approach. In W. Evers (Ed.), Whats gone wrong in Americas
classrooms (pp. 49-90). Stanford, CA: Hoover Institute Press.