Escuela de Tecnologa Mdica

Inmunohematologa

SISTEMA SANGUNEO
MNSs
Docentes: T.M.. Mario Cabrera, T.M. Loreto Gonzalez & T.M. Moises
Segovia
Integrantes: Francisca Arcos & M Fernanda Segovia.

La Serena, 12 de Mayo de 2016

CONTENIDO

Caractersticas
bioqumicas
y
genticas.

Antgenos de
mayor importancia
clnica.

Anticuerpos
contra el sistema.

SISTEMA SANGUNEO
MNS S
Posee 46 Antgenos

Los antgenos MNSs

son generalmente
caractersticos de los
eritrocitos y de sus
clulas precursoras en
la medula sea.

Segundo en diversidad
superado slo por el
sistema Rh.

HISTORIA

1927
Landsteiner y
Levine
descubren Ac.
Que detectan
los Ags M y N.

1947
Deteccin de
antgeno S,
en Australia.

1950
Deteccin
de anti-s.

1953
Deteccin
de anti-U.

NOMENCLATURA
Nombre

Nmero

Smbolo

Nombre
del gen

Ubicacin
cromosmica

N
Ags.

Sistema
sanguneo
MNSs

002

MNS

GYPA,
GYPB

4q28-q31

46

ESTRUCTURA Y FUNCIN
LAS GLICOFORINAS A Y

DE
B

Las glicoforinas A y B son

codificadas por genes
homologos (GYPA y
GYPB) en el cromosoma
4q28-q31.

Los alelos conocidos para

GYPA ( M / N) y GYPB ( S /
s)
son codominante.

Los dos glicoprotenas

son protenas integrales
de membrana con un
solo segmento helicoidal
transmembrana y
extracelular con la
ubicada N -terminales .

GPA es muy abundante,

con ms de 1x106 copias
por glbulo rojo. GPB es
menos abundante, con
solo 200,000 copias por
clula.

BIOQUIMICA DE LAS GLICOFORINAS

Glicoforina A
Contienen los antigenos
M y N.
Consta de 131 AA.
3 porcions :
-Extra celular hidrofilica
(72 AA).
- Transmembrana
hidrofobica (23 AA).
Intracelular hidrofilica (36
AA)

Glicoforina B
Contienen los antigenos
S,s y U.
Consta de 72 AA.
3 porcions :
-Extra celular hidrofilica
(44 AA).
-Transmembrana
hidrofobica (20 AA).
Intracelular hidrofilica (8
AA)

ANTI M
Anti-M is a relatively common naturally occurring antibody, saline
agglutinins that react below 37c. Can demonstrate dosage.
M antibodies are mostly IgM; however, they frequently contain an
IgG component.
They do not bind complement & do not react with enzyme treated
RBCs.
It appears to be more common in children and in patients with burns.
Anti-M is rarely clinically significant; hemolytic anti-M is usually IgG
and reactive at 37c.
anti M are ph dependent, reacting best at ph 6.5. these antibodies
may be detected in plasma, which is slightly acidic from the
anticoagulant but not in acidified serum.

ANTI N
Anti-N is rare, most likely because of the immune tolerance induced by
the N antigen on GPB.
A cold reactive IgM or IgG saline agglutinin that does not bind
complement or react with enzyme treated RBCS.
Anti N can demonstrate dosage.
Not clinically significant unless it reacts at 37c.
the most potent antibodies are found in individuals who type M+N-S-sU- and lack N & N.
Anti N is also seen in renal patients, who are dialyzed on equipment
sterilized with formaldehyde. This reacts with any N+ or N- RBC
treated with formaldehyde and is called anti-Nf
Though it is clinically insignificant, it has been associated with
rejection of a chilled transplanted kidney.

ANTI S & ANTI S

Antibodies to S, s, and U usually occur after exposure to
allogeneic red cells. All are capable of causing HTRs and
HDFN.
Anti-S and -s are generally IgG antibodies active at 37C.
These antibodies may are may not react with enzyme treated
RBCs depending on extent of treatment.

S- S-U- PHENOTYPE
AND ANTI-U
Red cells of about 1% of African-Americans and a higher
incidence of black Africans are S- s- and lack the highfrequency antigen U (MNS5).
If immunized, these individuals may produce anti-U.
The S- s- U phenotype can result from homozygosity for
a deletion of the coding region of GYPB, the geneencoding GPB.
Other, more complex , molecular phenomena involving
hybrid genes may also give rise to a S- s- phenotype,
with expression of a variant U antigen.

REFERENCIAS