UNDEGRADUATE MINI VIVA

ON

DEVELOPMENT OF A BRIQUETTING
MACHINE
BY
AKPOYIBO FEGIRI JEFFERY 2010/1552
AND
ANDREW CHUKWUKA JAROD 2010/1548
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SUPERVISED BY
PROF. FOLORUNSHO AKINBODE

OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION

PROBLEM STATEMENT
OBJECTIVES
MOTIVATION
ADVANTAGES OF BRIQUETTING

LITERATURE

REVIEW

METHODOLOGY

BRIQUETTING MACHINE DESCRIPTION

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
WORKING DIAGRAM
MATERIAL SELECTION

RELEVANCE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE

INDRODUCTION

Briquetting is increasing the density of loose particles,

pulverised materials such as rice husk, sawdust, wood-shavings,
coconut fibers, palm fruit fibers and other agricultural waste etc.
into briquettes by means of a binder such as starch.
Briquette is a block of flammable material used as fuel to
initiate and sustain fire. Briquettes can be made from
biomass, or blends of biomass and coal-dust.
A briquetting machine acts as a recycler that converts
biomass wastes into a renewable energy, acting as a substitute
for fossil fuels.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

The worlds population is steadily increasing with a

proportional increase in the demand for energy
considering the low production rate of crude oil. Excess
Municipal Solid Waste leading to Environmental pollution
and causing a blockage to our sewage system. In view of
this, it is necessary to evaluate a cost effective form of
energy which is economical with little or no green house
effects which is a renewable form of energy and its
importance to create more awareness of renewable
source of energy from Municipal Solid waste so as to
convert waste to wealth.

MOTIVATION

Briquettes acts as an alternative fuel source.

Briquettes have low sulphur content, relative freedom
from dust, ease of handling and high calorific value.
Briquetting provides a solution for municipal and
agricultural wastes that causes a nuisance in our
environment.

It helps to get best fuels from waste.

Briquetting converts waste to wealth.

ADVANTAGES OF BRIQUETTING

Cheaper than coal and other fossil fuels.

Better burning efficiency.

Biomass briquettes have a higher practical thermal

value.
There is no sulphur in Briquettes, thus does not pollute
the environment.
Briquettes, are easy to store, pack and hygienic to
handle.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES

To design and fabricate an electrically operated briquetting

machine.

To produce briquettes that will reduce air pollution.

To improve on the existing briquetting technology to a level
that provides ease and comfort.

LITERATURE REVIEW

In 2012, Osarenmwinda and Ihenyen O.I both designed

and fabricated a briquetting machine that has a capacity
of ten tonnes for small scale manufacturers.
The limitation of this design is that the hydraulic jack
which is manually operated will take a longer time in
producing briquettes.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Arinola B. Ajayi, Justina I. Osumune designed
and constructed a single extrusion die screw
press briquetting machine. It consists mainly of
driving motor, screw, die, belts and the housing
with a hopper.
This machine has the capacity to produce 95kg of
briquette in one hour.
The limitation of this design is that the die head
is subjected to severe wear as the feeder screw
continuously forces the material into the die.

METHODOLOGY

Execution

Method of fabrication is by welding.

Method of motion is a reciprocating motion.

Controlled electronically with a hydraulic

pump.

METHODOLOGY
Briquetting

machine description

A Moulds, B Pistons, C Flat plate, D Hydraulic jack,

E Mould cover, F Mould box, G Iron frame.

METHODOLOGY
WORKING DIAGRAM

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION

METHODOLOGY

Principle of operation

Saw dust or waste will be mixed with binder (starch) and

placed into the compaction chamber.
The mould cover will be closed.
An hydraulic jack is used to lift the bottom plate with
the aid of an electric hydraulic pump.
The briquettes are ejected by opening the mould cover.

METHODOLOGY

Materials to be used for fabrication

S/N NAME

MATERIALS TO
BE USED

Mould cover

Mild steel

Mould box

Mild steel

Base plate

Mild steel

iron frame

Mild steel

Bolts and nuts

Mild steel

Compaction

Mild steel

chamber

RELEVANCE OF COURSE TO STUDY

PHY 101 - BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS.

MEE 101 - ENGINEERING DRAWING.

MEE 309 - STRENGTH OF MATERIALS.

MEE 303 - MECHANICS OF MACHINES.

MEE 509 - ENGINEERING MATERIAL SELECTION.

MEE 501 - ENGINEERING DESIGN (AUTOCAD).

MEE 523 - WASTE MANGEMENT

CONCLUSION

The briquette obtained from the machine can used as

alternate to fuel-wood in domestic cooking and small-scale
industries.
The machine will enable agricultural waste to be removed
from the environment, thereby preventing environmental
pollution.

Reduce unemployment rate.

REFERENCE
1.
2.

www.vanguardngr.com/2014/11/falling -crude-oilprices-nigerias-response/
OSARENMWINDA J.O, IHENYEN O.I (2002), The Preliminary
Design and Fabrication of a Manually Operated Briquetting
Machine J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. June, 2012 Vol. 16 (2)
209 - 211