6.

DBMS

Sources of data, Data file environment, Database

environment, Data models, Relevance of
relational database design in DSS
 Datasource
• Datasource is a name given to the connection
set up to a database from a server.
• A DataSource object is the representation of a
data source in the Java programming
language. In basic terms, a data source is a
facility for storing data.
 Sources of Data
From another Database or storage
location From Web/ Network/ User/ Groups
 Data File Environment
• Storing and organizing files on Hard Disk.
• Low file Integrity.
• Both Logically and Physically connected files.
• Less secured.
• Low sharing integrity.
 Database Environment
• Storing and organizing files in a Database.
• High file Integrity.
• Logically connected Data Files, Physically
scattered.
• Very secure due to access rights.
• Highly sharable.
 Data Models
• Flat model

• Hierarchical model

• Network model

• Relational model
 Data Models
• Object – Relational model

• Concept Oriented

• Star Schema
 ACID Property of a Database
• Atomicity – All-or-nothing rule
• Consistency – Referential Integrity
• Isolation – Concurrent transactions
• Durability – Survival to system failure
DBMS Concepts
 Keys in DBMS
• Primary key
• Foreign Key
• Composite key
• Candidate key
• Alternate Key
• Secondary key
 DBMS Terminologies
• Database
• SQL
• Data Warehouse
• Data marts
• Entities
• Relationships
• Attributes
Relevance of Relational Design in DSS
• Multidimensional problem solving
• Critical queries
• Referentially integrated inputs
• Data warehousing support
• Data mart support
• Sharability and scalability of information
1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF

DATABASE NORMALIZATION
 Normalization

ECODE DEPT DEPTHEAD PROJCODE HOURS

E101 Systems E901 P27 90
P51 101
P20 60

E305 Sales E906 P27 109

P22 98

E508 Admin E908 P51 NULL

P27 72
 1NF
• A table is said to be in 1NF if each cell of the
table contains precisely one value.
ECODE DEPT DEPTHEAD PROJCODE HOURS
E101 Systems E901 P27 90
E101 Systems E901 P51 101
E101 Systems E901 P20 60
E305 Sales E906 P27 109
E305 Sales E906 P22 98
E508 Admin E908 P51 NULL
E508 Admin E908 P27 72
 2NF
• Every attribute in the row is functionally
dependent on the whole key.
ECODE DEPT DEPTHEAD ECODE PROJCODE HOURS

E101 Systems E901 E101 P27 90

E305 Sales E906 E101 P51 101

E508 Admin E908 E101 P20 60

E305 P27 109

E305 P22 98

E508 P51 NULL

E508 P27 72
 3NF
• Every non-key attribute is functionally
dependent only on the primary key.
ECODE DEPT DEPT DEPTHEAD
E101 Systems Systems E901
E305 Sales Sales E906

E402 Finance Admin E908

E508 Admin Finance E909

E607 Finance

E608 Finance

E104 Systems
 BCNF
ECODE NAME PROJCODE HOURS
E1 Veronica P2 48
E2 Anthony P5 100
E3 Mac P6 15
E4 Susan P2 250
E4 Susan P5 75
E1 Veronica P5 40

ECODE NAME ECODE PROJCODE HOURS

E1 Veronica E1 P2 48
E2 Anthony E2 P5 100
E3 Mac E3 P6 15
E4 Susan E4 P2 250
E4 P5 75
E1 P5 40