SUN Advanced Training

Security Level: Internal Use
SUN Advanced Training

-System Management
ISSUE 1.0
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M2000 Technical Support Team
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Foreword
Features of the Solaris system
Major methods for daily management of
the Solaris system
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object
Upon completion this course, you will be able to:

Get familiar with the Solaris system;
Grasp the Solaris hard disk management;
Grasp the Solaris network configuration
management;
Grasp the Solaris backup and restoration;
Be able to perform daily inspection and
maintenance of the system.
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Solaris System Management

Introduction to the Solaris System
Solaris Hardware Management
Solaris File System Management
Solaris Network Configuration and
Management
Solaris System Backup and Restoration
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Chapter 1 Introduction to the Solaris System

Introduction Solaris system history
Common Versions and Kernels of SUN Solaris
Switch between System Kernels
Introduction PROM
Basic BootPROM Commands
System Boot Process
Introduction /etc/inittab File
Introduction system Run Levels
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UNIX History
1969 The rudiment of UNIX is formed in Bell labs
1972 UNIX version 2 was created, which was

distinguished by pipe, support for programming
language, and kernel compilation with NB (which is
later called C language).
1973 UNIX version was created. The kernel and
shell were re-written with C language.
1982 Bill Joy left Berkeley and founded with others

a joint venture called Sun, which developed and
released SunOS on the basis of BSD and later
released Solaris.
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Common Versions and Kernels of SUN Solaris

OS version and kernel system:
1. SPARC platform
Solaris 2.7(7) 64 bit+32 bit
2. INTEL X86 platform

Solaris 5.8(8) 32 bit
Solaris 5.9(9) 32 bit
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Switch between System Kernels
Command for viewing the system kernel

# isainfo -b To view the number of bits of
the kernel
Start the 64-bit kernel mode

Ok > boot kernel/sparcv9/unix
Start the 32-bit mode

Ok > boot kernel/unix
View the system version

$ uname -X
View the detailed OS version
$ more /etc/release
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PROM
The PROM (OBP) firmware, which is also known as OBP or EEPROM, runs
immediately upon power-on of the system. The Prom firmware mainly serves
to:
test and initialize the system hardware;
change the startup order and the startup mode;
Set the systems bottom parameters ,such as scsi id.
Explanation: In fact, a minicomputer is similar to a PC in terms of

management ideas.
It differs from a PC only in hardware architecture. Thus, a sun minicomputers
prom may be regarded as a PCs BIOS.
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HOW to use PROM

We can enter the ok mode by:
executing the following command under the OS

# /usr/sbin/shutdown -y -g0 -i0
pressing Stop+A at the same time on the hosts
console keyboard
pressing ctrl+break on the PCs serial port
terminal.
Prom parameters may be modified by:
Entering a command under the

ok prompt characters; or
Directly using the eeprom
command under the os.
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The BootPROM
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
Describe the main functions of the boot programmable readonly memory (PROM) chip and NVRAM
Explain the basic elements of POST and the purpose of the
Stop key to control POST
Invoke some common boot PROM commands from the ok
prompt to customize how the system boots
Use boot command options to boot a system in different
situations
Demonstrate how to display the device tree to list all the
configured devices using the show-devs command
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The BootPROM
probe- :Use the commands to identify what peripheral devices (disks,
tape drives, or CDROMs) are currently connected to the system
Devalias: Using the command to determine a systems default boot
device
nvalias or nvedit : Create a custom device alias name for a new boot
device
Nvunalias: Delete a custom device alias name with the command.
eeprom :Use the command within the Solaris Operating Environment
to view or change the values of NVRAM parameters
Demonstrate the steps to interrupt an unresponsive system
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The boot Command
You use the boot command to boot the Solaris Operating
Environment from the ok prompt.
This command has several options available for booting the system in
different situations.
Command Format
> ok boot [device_name] - [options]
Entering the boot command at the ok prompt boots the system to
multiuser mode automatically. For example:
> ok boot
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For example
> ok help
Enter 'help command-name' or 'help category-name' for more help

(Use ONLY the first word of a category description)
Examples: help system -or- help nvramrc
Categories:
boot (Load and execute a program)
nvramrc (Store user defined commands)
system configuration variables (NVRAM variables)
command ..
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Changing NVRAM Parameters with the

eeprom Command
To list all of the parameters with default and current values, type:
# eeprom
To list a single parameter and its value, type:
# eeprom boot-device
boot-device=disk
To change the value of the default boot device, type:
# eeprom boot-device=disk2
To change the value of the auto-boot? parameter, type:
# eeprom auto-boot?=true
auto-boot?=true
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System Boot Process
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Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be

Describe the four phases of the boot process
able to:
Identify the directories that contain the kernel and its loadable modules
Modify the kernels configuration file
Describe the eight Solaris Operating Environment run levels
Define a systems current run level using the who -r command
Explain the purpose of the /etc/inittab file
Describe the steps in the init process to bring a system to multiuser mode
List the directories that hold the run control scripts used to stop and start
system processes and services

Describe the steps to add a new run control script
Use the following commands to shut down the system: init, shutdown,
halt, poweroff, and reboot
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Run Levels
A run level refers to an execution state of the system. It specifies a set of system services and
processes.
The following run levels are provided in the Solaris environment:
RL
Function
PROM monitoring mode
Management mode (single-user mode, in which a file system is installed and

the user cannot log in)
Multi-user mode (no nfs resource is shared)
Multi-user mode (nfs resource is shared)
The current version is not used
Power off (Sun4m and Sun4u systems will be powered off)
Restart the system to run level 3
S,s
Single-user mode, in which users cannot log in
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Determining a Systems Current Run

Level
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The Boot Process
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The kernel Initialization Phase
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Init :/etc/inittab File

s3:3:wait:/sbin/rc3
>/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console

Process: The command or script that is running
Action: To tell init how to deal with the process
Run Level: To indicate the level of this item
Sign: Comprises 1-4 characters to indicate this item
The Action field falls into the following categories:
Action
Meaning
sysinit
To start the process before the access console, and not to handle the next item
until the completion of this process
initdefault
The default Run Level, which is 3 in the SUN system
respawn
To start the process and to restart it once it is dead
wait
To start the process, and not to handle the next item until the completion of
the process
powerfail
To start the process when init receives the powerfail information
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The init Process
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System Services in Solaris

The Solaris 10 uses svcadm to manage the
10
services, these services includes:
Services started by scripts in /etc/rc*.d/
Services started by system
Other serives
The services started by scripts can only be
monitored, you can use commands svcs -a to

check.
The services has dependency, the service can only
be started when its depended services are started.

Refer to page 72 to check how to manage services.
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Chapter 2 Solaris System Management

Management
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Chapter 2

Installation Methods of the System OS
System Startup and Shutdown
The Directory Hierarchy
System Management Tools
User Management
Software Package Management
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Installation Methods of the System OS

The system OS can be installed in four modes:
Web start wizard: console, witch means GUI mode on the monitor
suninstall: Character terminal interface mode
Jumpstart: Customized installation mode for multiple hosts
Network installation: To boot and install the system in network
mode
Installation procedure: Put the system installation CD in

the CD drive and enter the following command under the
ok prompt characters:
ok >boot cdrom
Later, set such system parameters that installation may
require.
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Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be
State
the different
able
to: installation methods available for the Solaris 8
Operating Environment software
Explain the hardware requirements for a Solaris 8 Operating
Environment installation
Identify the different Solaris 8 Operating Environment software
CD-ROM editions
List the five Solaris Software Groups
Demonstrate how to install the Solaris 8 Operating Environment
software on a networked, standalone system, using Solaris Web

Start
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The Solaris Operating Environment

Software Groups
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System Startup and Shutdown

Solaris system shutdown
The system can be shut down in the following modes:
shutdown -y -g0 -i5
To shut down and power off the system
shutdown -y -g0 -i0
To shut down the system and enter the ok mode
ok >
To directly power off the host in the ok mode
Note: Under the OS, do not directly press stop+A to enter the ok mode.
Solaris system startup:
Under the ok prompt characters, the system can
start in the following modes:
Ok > boot disk
disk
To start the system from hard
Ok > boot cdrom

To boot the system from the CD
drive for system installation
Ok > boot
-s
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To start to the single-user mode
Solaris system startup
Summary of Run Control Scripts and

Functions
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Run-Level Transitions1
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System Shutdown Procedures

The commands available to root for doing these types of
system
shutdown procedures include:
/sbin/init (using run levels S, 1, 0, 5 or 6)
/usr/sbin/shutdown (using run levels S, 1, 0, 5
or 6)
/usr/sbin/halt
//not suggested
/usr/sbin/poweroff
//not suggested
/usr/sbin/reboot
//not suggested
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The Directory Hierarchy

Introducing / (root) Subdirectories
Introducing File Components
File names : the objects most often used to access and

manipulate files
Inodes : the objects the system uses to record information about
a file
Data blocks: units of disk space used to store data.
Identifying File Types
# cd /etc ; ls -l
# cd /devices/pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ide@3 ; ls -l
- Regular files
d Directories
l Symbolic links
b Block-special device files
c TECHNOLOGIES
Character-special
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Configuration File for User Management

User configuration file:
/etc/passwd User password file

/etc/shadow Encrypted password
/etc/group
User group
Example:
#vi /etc/passwd
root:x:0:1:Super-User:/:/usr/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1::/:
Note:
login_name:passwd_field:UID:GID:comment:home_directory:defau
lt_shell
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User Management Commands
Add a user
useradd -u uid -g gid -d home_dir -m -k shell
username
Add a user group
groupadd -g gid groupname
Delete a user
userdel -r username
home directory
userdel username
To delete a user and his

To delete a username
Delete a user group

groupdel groupname
Attention: If a users home directory cannot be established, modify the /etc/auto_maste

file by commenting out the home item and then restart the host.
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M2000 users management

Add user group
# groupadd -g 100 omcsysm

Add user and change password
# useradd -d /opt/sybase -g staff -m -k /etc/skel -u 101

-s /bin/bash dbuser
# passwd dbuser
# useradd -d /export/home/omc -g staff -G
root,sys,omcsysm -m -k /etc/skel -u 102 -s /bin/bash
omcuser
# passwd omcuser
# useradd -d /export/home/sysm -g omcsysm -m -k
/etc/skel -u 103 -s /bin/bash ftpuser
# passwd ftpuser
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Solaris system software is released in the form of
package.
To obtain the software package information:
pkginfo
#pkginfo-d [device|pathname]-lpkg_name
Example:
# pkginfo |more
system
FJSVmdb
Fujitsu Platform Modular
The three domains are explained as follows:
pkg_category: Category of software package

pkg_name:Name of the software package, which start
with SUNW in the case of SUN products.
Description: Simple description of the software
product.
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Install the software package
# pkgadd-d[device|pathname]pkg_name
Example:
#pkgadd -d /cdrom/Solaris_3_SUNWaudio
Uninstall the software package
In this case, an email is sent to root upon

successful deletion
of the software package
#pkgrmpkgname1pkgname2
Example:
# pkgrm Solaris_3_SUNWaudio
Attention: A software package, if shared by
two or more packages, cannot be deleted until all
software packages dependent on it are deleted.
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Chapter 3 Solaris Hardware Management

Management
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Chapter 3 Solaris Hardware Management

Device Naming Conventions
Reconfiguring Devices
Disk Partitioning
Disk Logic Names
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Device Naming Conventions

In the Solaris Operating Environment, all devices have three
different
types of names, depending on how the device is being
referenced.
Logical device names
Physical device names

Instance names
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Logical Device Names

# ls /dev/dsk
c0t0d0s0 c0t0d0s4 c0t3d0s0 c0t3d0s4 c0t6d0s0 c0t6d0s4
Physical Device Names

# ls -l /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 46 Jun 16 19:07 /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0
->
../../devices/pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ide@3/dad@0,0:a
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Instance Names
Instance names are abbreviated names assigned by the
kernel for each device on the system.

An instance name is simply a shortened name for the
physical device name. Two examples are shown below

sdn
where sd is the disk name and n is the disk number, such
as sd0, for the first SCSI (small computer system

interface) disk device: dadn
where dad (direct access device) is the disk name and n is
the disk number, such as dad0, for the first ide

(integrated drive electronics) disk device.
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Performing a reconfiguration boot
# touch /reconfig
# reboot -- -r
Ok boot -r
Using the devfsadm command
# devfsadm -c divice_class
# devfsadm -i diver_name
# devfsadm //normally, this command is enough
# drvconfig
Listing a System's Devices
The /etc/path_to_inst file
The prtconf command
The format command
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Use the devfsadm command to reconfigure a device:
Limit configuration to a specific device type:
# devfsadm -c disk
Limit configuration to a specific device driver:

# devfsadm -i dad
# devfsadm -i sd
# devfsadm -i st
To print the changes to /dev and /devices:

# devfsadm -v
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Pre-Solaris 8 Operating Environment device reconfiguration is
handled with the drvconfig command.
To add a new disk device:

# drvconfig -i dad
# disks
To add a new tape drive:

# drvconfig -i st
# tapes
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Disk Partitioning
In the SUN system, the disk is
partitioned into 0-7 slices. Slice 0

serves as the root file system on the
boot disk. Slice 2 stands for the whole
disk and cannot be used for any other
purpose. User data is generally stored
in Slice 7.
The right figure illustrates a typical
mode of disk partitioning. The disk is

generally partitioned during system
installation. Alternatively, it may be
partitioned with the format command.
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Disk Logic Names
/dev/[r]dsk/c# t# d# s#
scsi controller number
Equipments scsi id
Equipments Logical Unit Number (LUN)
slice number
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Hard Disk Management Commands

Manage the hard disk
Command format: format

Example: # format
Searching for disks...done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c0t0d0 <IBM-IC35L009UCD210-0-S5BS cyl 20763 alt 2 hd 2 sec 431>
/pci@1f,4000/scsi@3/sd@0,0
Re-search for new hard disks:
#devfsadm -C
#drvconfig
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Chapter 4 Solaris File System Management

Management
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Chapter 4 Solaris File System Management

Introducing Solaris OE File Systems
File System Management
mount a File System
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Introducing Solaris OE File

Systems
Disk-based file systems :
ufs, hsfs, pcfs, udfs
Distributed file systems :
nfs
Pseudo file systems:
tmpfs, swapfs, fdfs, procfs
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Introducing the Solaris Operating

Environment
ufs File
System
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File System Management

Create a file system on slice
# newfs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s5
Create a mount point
# mkdir /myfs
Mount a file system to a mount point
# mount /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s5 /myfs

View whether the file system has been mounted
# df -k
or
# mount
umount a file system
# umount /myfs
Recover a file system
# fsckraw-device
Example: # fsck -y /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s0
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Maintaining File Systems
The File System Check Program

# fsck /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s7
** /dev/rdsk/c0t3d0s7
** Last Mounted on /export/home
** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes
** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames
** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity
** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts
** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups
7 files, 14 used, 279825 free (17 frags, 347891 blocks,
0.0%
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Troubleshooting
Repairing Important Files if Boot Fails
ok boot cdrom -s
Boot device: /pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ide@3/cdrom@2,0:f File and args
-s
SunOS Release 5.8 Version Generic_106541-02 [UNIX(R) System
V
Copyright (c) 1983-1999 by Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Configuring the /dev and /devices directories
INIT: SINGLE USER MODE
# fsck /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0
# mount /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 /a
Use terminal login if need use vi editor to set :
# TERM=vt100
# export TERM
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Automatic mount a File System

When the /etc/vfstab file system is booted, the /etc/vfstab file is
read for it to be automatically mounted. The file contains the
setting items of both the local and remote file resources:
Example: # cat /etc/vfstab
#device
device
mount
FS fsck mount mount
#to mount
to fsck
point
type pass at boot options
#
fd /dev/fd fd no /proc /proc proc no /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s1
swap no /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0
/dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 /
ufs 1
no
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s7
/dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s7 /export/home ufs 2
yes swap /tmp tmpfs yes HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Automatic Load Options

Meaning of the domains:
Device-to-mount: To identify the NFS server and local block device
file
Device-to-fsck: To identify the local raw device file used to execute
fsck
Mountpoint: mount point
FS-type: Type of file system. In general, ufs is used for a local file
system, while nfs for a remote file system.

Fsck-pass: Figure in this domain is the sequence by which fsck
passes the check by the file system. The same figures indicate they
are checked concurrently.
Mount-at-boot: To decide that the file system is automatically
mounted at the time of system boot.

Mount-options: To define the mount options such as the read-write
access, and ufs file systems logging function. It is recommended

that the logging function of the ufs file system be enabled.
Notation: - in any domain indicates that there is no option.
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CD Drive, FDD (Volume) Management

After the system starts normally, it often automatically mounts
the CD drive and FDD because it has started the service process
for volume management. If the system does not automatically
mount them, we can start the volmgt service manually.
#/etc/init.d/volmgt[start|stop]
# volcheck
To check the CD drive and FDD, which will be
automatically mounted if they are found.

# eject[cdrom|floppy]
To eject the device
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Chapter 5

management
Solaris Network Configuration and management
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Chapter 5

management
Network Parameter Configuration Files
Basic Commands for Network Management
mount a File System
Route Commands for Temporary Setting
Host Name Resolution
FTP/telnet Service Configuration Methods
How to customize Solaris for M2000
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Network Parameter Configuration Files

Under the Solaris, the basic network configuration files are as follows:
/etc/hosts
To set the host name resolution and
the hosts IP address

/etc/hostname.hme0
To set the network interface name
/etc/netmasks
To set the network mask
/etc/nodename
hostname
/etc/inet/ipnodes
in Solaris 10, this file is added
/etc/defaultrouter
To set the address of the default
route (gateway) in the network

/etc/inetd.conf
/etc/service
To define the network service items

To set the network service port
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Basic Commands for Network Management
To display the network interfaces of active state in the system, use the
ifconfig command:
# ifconfig -a
To check network interface names

# cat /etc/path_to_inst | grep network
To enable or disable a network interface physically

# ifconfig ce3 plumb
//enable interface ce3
# ifconfig ce3 unplumb
//disable interface ce3
To enable or disable a network interface

# ifconfig nic_name up|down
example: # ifconfig ce3 192.168.0.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
To display all data structures related to the network

# netstat -[r | i] n
-r: To display the routing information
-i: To display the interface information
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Route Commands for Temporary Setting

Route setting
# route [add | delete]

Add a route to a destination host
# route add -host destination hosts ip local ip -interface
# route add -host
202.12.16.100
202.12.17.1
Add a route to a network

# route add -net destination networks ip local ip
# route add -net 204.12.16.0 204.12.17.1
Add a default route (gateway)
# route add default gateway_ip
# route add default 204.54.56.1
Notation: To set a route as a permanent value, add the
above route command to the system boot script, the
/etc/rc3.d/S98route file, for example.
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Routing Table Analysis

To view the systems routing table with the netstat -r command
Example: # netstat -r
Routing Table: IPv4
Destination
202.12.16.100
Gateway
Flags
10.72.88.69
UH
Ref Use Interface

1
0 hme0
204.12.16.0
10.72.88.69
UG
10.72.88.0
10.72.88.69
2 hme0
default
10.72.88.254
UG
UH
17
localhost
localhost
228 lo0
Notation: U indicates that the route is up, H indicates a

route to the host and G indicates a gateway.
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Host Name Resolution
/etc/nsswitch.conf: To decide the resolution order
Example: # cat /etc/nsswitch.conf
hosts : files dns nis

It indicates that the host name is resolved in the order of the local hosts
files, dns server and nis server.
/etc/reslove.conf: To set the hosts domain name and the dns servers IP
Example: # cat /etc/resolve.conf

domain huawei.com
nameserver 202.96.134.133
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In Solaris 8, the daemon inetd monitors the FTP and telnet

service requests of the client, which can be responded to after
the system has normally started.
In Solaris 8, the configuration file of the daemon inetd is

/etc/inetd.conf.
The configuration file of the FTP and telnet service port is

/etc/services.
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By default, the system does not grant FTP or telnet right to the
root user.
For the root user to have the FTP right, modify the /etc/ftpuser
file under Solaris8 by commenting out the root user items.
For the root user to have the telnet right, modify the
/etc/default/login file by commenting out the
CONSOLE=/dev/console item.
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Solaris 8 FTP/telnet Service Configuration Methods

In the system, to check whether the telnet service is running
# ps -ef |grep telnet

# ps -ef |grep ftp
# ps -ef |grep inetd
To temporarily stop the ftp or telnet service
# kill -9 pid
(ps -ef |grep inetd)
To enable the FTP or Telnet service in the system
# inetd -s
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Solaris 10 FTP/telnet Service Configuration Methods

In the Solaris 10, to check whether the telnet service is running
# svcs -l telnet
//check the enabled and state information
# svcs -l ftp
To enable and disable ftp or telnet service
# svcadm enable telnet

# svcadm disable svc:/network/ftp:default
//M2000 is not using this svc:/network/ftp:default Solaris default FTP
service
# svcadm enable svc:/omc/ftp:default
//M2000 is using svc:/omc/ftp:default FTP service, published with M2000
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How to customize Solaris for M2000? (1)

We do the following configuration:
Set Ethernet Cards connection parameter:
# echo "set ce:ce_taskq_disable=1">>/etc/system

Set Fiber Cards connection parameter:
# echo
"ses \"scsiclass,00.vSUN.pUniversal_Xport\"">>/etc/driver_aliases
Set system share memory for Sybase
# echo "set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax = ${value}">>/etc/system

note: ${value}=memory size (MB)x1024x1024/2
Stop finger service
# svcadm disable svc:network/finger

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How to customize Solaris for M2000? (2)

Stop sadmindrpc service which is for remote user query function:
# svcadm disable svc:/network/rpc/rusers:default

Stop sendmail service:
# svcadm disable svc:/network/smtp:sendmail

Stop the SNMP service published with Solaris:
# mv /etc/rc3.d/S76snmpdx /etc/rc3.d/K06snmpdx
# /etc/init.d/init.snmpdx stop
# chmod 000 /usr/lib/snmp/snmpdx
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Chapter 6 Solaris System Backup and Restoration

Management
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Chapter 6 Solaris System Backup and Restoration

System Backup and Restoration
System Backup and Restoration Examples
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Backup is needed for protection against:
Disastrous deletion of files

External system fault
Internal system fault
Backup level
Complete backup
Incremental backup
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Importance of Regular File System Backups

Backing up file systems is one of the most crucial system
administration functions. Backups should be performed on a
regularly
scheduled basis to prevent loss of data due to:
Accidental deletion of files
Hardware failures
Problems when reinstalling or upgrading a
system
System crashes
System break-in by an unauthorized user
compromising data integrity

Natural disasters
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Tape Device Naming
For example:
The first instance of a tape drive:

/dev/rmt/0
The second instance of a tape drive:
/dev/rmt/1
The third instance of a tape drive:
/dev/rmt/2
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Backup procedures:
1. Check the system activity
2. Notify all users
3. Put the system in the single-user state
4. Check the file system with fsck
5. Execute the backup
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Restoring File Systems
Command Format
ufsrestore options [ arguments ] [ filesystem ]
ufsrestore options [ arguments ] [ filenames . . . ]
Options:
t Lists the table of contents of the backup media.
r Restores the entire file system from the backup media.
x Restores only the files named on the command line.
i Invokes an interactive restore.
v Specifies Verbose mode. Displays pathnames to the terminal
screen as each file is being restored.
f Specifies the tape device name.
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System Backup and Restoration Examples

System backup:
# ufsdump 0uf /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rdsk/c0t3d0s0

System restoration
1. ok boot cdrom -s
2. # mount /dev/dsk/c0t3d0s0 /a
3. # cd /a
4. # ufsrestore rvf /dev/rmt/0
5. # rm restoresymtable
6. # installboot bootblk /dev/rdsk/c0t3d0s0 cd /
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Restoring Regular File

Systems
Example
# newfs /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#s#
# mount /dev/dsk/c#t#d#s# /mnt
# cd /mnt
# ufsrestore rf /dev/rmt/#
# rm restoresymtable
# cd /
# umount /mnt
# fsck /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#s#
# ufsdump 0uf /dev/rmt/# /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#s#
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M2000 System Backup and Restore

System backup:
System backup is done by Platform tool

Both Platform tool and system / root partition are
backed up
The backup material is tape
System restoration
Firstly uncompress the Platform tool

Then the Platform tool will do the system restoration
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Thank You
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M2000 Technical Support Team

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Upon completion this course, you will be able to:

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Solaris System Management

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Chapter 1 Introduction to the Solaris System

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Introduction to the Solaris System

1972 UNIX version 2 was created, which was

1982 Bill Joy left Berkeley and founded with others

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Common Versions and Kernels of SUN Solaris

2. INTEL X86 platform

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Switch between System Kernels

Command for viewing the system kernel

Start the 64-bit kernel mode

Start the 32-bit mode

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View the system version

Explanation: In fact, a minicomputer is similar to a PC in terms of

HOW to use PROM

executing the following command under the OS

Entering a command under the

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Basic BootPROM Commands

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Basic BootPROM Commands

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Enter 'help command-name' or 'help category-name' for more help

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Changing NVRAM Parameters with the

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System Boot Process

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Upon completion of this module, you should be

system processes and services

halt, poweroff, and reboot

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PROM monitoring mode

Management mode (single-user mode, in which a file system is installed and

Multi-user mode (no nfs resource is shared)

Multi-user mode (nfs resource is shared)

The current version is not used

Power off (Sun4m and Sun4u systems will be powered off)

Restart the system to run level 3

Single-user mode, in which users cannot log in

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Determining a Systems Current Run

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The Boot Process

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The kernel Initialization Phase

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Init :/etc/inittab File

>/dev/msglog 2<>/dev/msglog </dev/console

The Action field falls into the following categories:

The default Run Level, which is 3 in the SUN system

To start the process and to restart it once it is dead