STATISTIC

A branch of Mathematics
A study about data including collecting ,recordi
organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpretin
Help people in planning and making decision

Data
Data is a collection of information or facts
Example: Height of 1 AKIK
Weight of 2 DELIMA
Number of students in each class
Population of Malaysia
through 1990-2000
Data can be collected by:
Counting
Measuring

COLLECTING DATA
The following data shows the height of 30 students in
3 Mawar measured in the nearest cm.

164 16 1 164 160 164 16 1 162 163 162 16

160 164 163 162 163 162 160 162 164 164
16 1 162

164 162 162 162 163 160 163 16

Is this the most efficient way of displaying data?

How do we record the data more systematically?
USE FREQUENCY TABLE

FREQUENCY

Frequency Table
Letters
a
b
c
d
e
f

Frequency
2
3
2
3
2
1

Height

Tally

Frequenc
y

160

////

161

///

162

//// ///

Which height has the highest freque

163

//// //

Which height has the lowest frequen

164

//// //

What is the different between the

highest frequency and the lowest
frequency

What is the highest frequency?

What is the lowest frequency?

Height

Frequency

6
3
9
5
7
30

160
161
162
163
164
Total

Height
Frequenc
y

Vertical
Frequency Table

Notice that:
Total of frequency is
the same as the data
in the set.

160

161

162

163

164

Horizontal Frequency Table

Candidates
Safura
Ibrahim
Yasmin
Yusoff
Sulaiman

Frequency
3
6
2
9
1

Voting for the

monitor

Vertical frequency table

Candidat
es

Safura

Ibrahim

Yasmin

Yusoff

Sulaima
n

Frequenc
y

Horizontal frequency table

PICTOGRAM

BAR CHART

LINE GRAPH

What is

PICTOGRAM?
Data representation in
graphical
form

How can we represent this data

In graphical form?

Steps:

1. Decide on the
appropriate symbol to
be used:
- SinceThe data is
related with the
number of pupils,.
Therefore we can use
the symbol as shown .
2.Then decide on how
many pupil does this
symbol represent.
(scaling)

2B:

30 =7 1

faces
4

Horizontal Pictogram

What is the total number of students in form 2?

Vertical Pictogram

REMINDER:
A pictogram must have a
title
-The title tell us what the
table is all about.

Legend to show
value represented by
one symbol
Use suitable symbol

Stall

Apple

Pear

30

25

16

24
Sales of Fruits on Particular Day

Stall
A
Stall
B
Stall
C
represent 5 apples
represent 4 pears

Sales of Fruits on A Particular Day

Stall
A

Stall Stall
B
C

represent 5 apples
represent 4 pears

BAR CHART

A bar chart is a way of

representing the
frequencies of data
obtained by counting

It displays a data using

a numbers of bar with the
same width.

HORIZONTAL
BAR CHART

Each bar represent

different categories
The height of the bars
represent the frequencies.
Bar chart can be
represented horizontally or
Vertically

VERTICAL
BAR CHART

To construct a bar chart

To construct bar chart

We need to:
1. Write the title of the chart
2. Label the axes
3. Determine the scales for
the axes
4.Draw the bars

Vertical bar chart

Horizontal bar chart

PROBLEM SOLVING INVOLVING BAR CHART

MISLEADING

BAR CHART WHICH CONTAINS 2 SETS OF DATA

(DUAL BAR CHART)

The table shows the

Yearly enrolment of
SMK Baru from 20012003.Construct a dual
bar chart to display the
Data.

Year
2001
2002
2003

Girls
650
600
700

Boys
500
400
600

Construct a dual bar chart to showMonth

the sales of the burgers
Jan

Chicken Fish
500

300

Feb

400

300

March

300

300

Line graph is always used to represent the

data over a period of time . For instance
hours, weeks, months or years

Month

Mark

February

70

March

40

April

50

May

60

Jun

70

July

50

August

100

A way of representing
a set of data over a per

To construct line graph

1.Determine the suitable scale for the vertical
axis
2. Draw the axes and name them and
mark the value on it
3. Mark the horizontal axis
4. Plot the points
5. Draw the graph by joining the adjacent points
with straight line
6. Give the graph a title
REMINDER: The vertical axis always represent quantity
while the horizontal axis always represent
period/time.

REFER TO LESSON 110

LINE GRAPH (NO 4 )