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Bulacan State University

College of Architecture and Fine Arts


History of Architecture 4
(HOA 323)

PHILIPPINE – AMERICAN
ARCHITECTURE

Submitted to:
ARCHT. SALLY PAPIO
PHILIPPINE – AMERICAN
ARCHITECTURE

AN INTRODUCTION
PHILIPPINE - AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE

After the Spanish American war in 1898 the Americans took


over rule of the Philippines until after the second world war

With the arrival of the Americans came a new breed of


architectural structures

Foremost of the American contributions to the country was


the establishment of civil government

This led to the erection of government buildings from the city


all the way to the municipal level
PHILIPPINE - AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE

Government houses dotted every community. Designed in the


most respectable manner, these government houses resembled
Greek or roman temples complete with porticoes and pediments.

During this period the Americans constructed many Art


Nouveaux buildings in Manila

By the mid 20`s to the eve of the second world war, Art Deco
became the bi-word for Philippine Architecture

The Filipino style found its way in the re-emergence of traditional


motifs, the tional motifs but were made of more bahay-kubo able
materials such as concrete
PHILIPPINE – AMERICAN
ARCHITECTURE

EXAMPLES OF STRUCTURES
MANILA METROPOLITAN THEATRE
an art deco building designed by the Filipino
architect Juan M. de Guzman Arellano, and built in 1935
MANILA METROPOLITAN THEATRE
the sculptures in the façade of the Theatre are from the
Italian sculptor Francesco Riccardo Monti

Now undergoing a major “facelift,” the


“grand dame” of Manila’s theaters is on
its way to being restored to its former
glory.
JAI ALAI BUILDING
In 1940 the Jai Alai building was constructed along Taft
avenue, designed by architect Welton Becket. It has been
built in the Philippine Art Deco style. In addition to the Jai
Alai game it included the famous " Sky Lounge".

Unfortunately, demolition began on July


15, 2000 on the orders of Mayor Lito
Atienza. The building is now gone for ever
MANILA HOTEL
Architect and city planner, Daniel Hudson Burnham was
hired to pencil in his plans
MANILA HOTEL

Soon, a
magnificent, white,
green-tile-roofed
California
Missionary-styled
edifice emerged
housing 149
spacious and high-
ceilinged room
OLD EXECUTIVE BUILDING
the old Executive building is the most intact postwar
building in the Malacanang complex

Iron portico of the


old Executive
Building.

The old Executive


Building was built
in the 1920’s and
houses the
Malacanang
Museum and
Library
OLD EXECUTIVE BUILDING

the ground floor presents Philippine history through


photos, artworks and relics

Exhibits are grouped according to


era in the different American
colonial rooms.
OLD EXECUTIVE BUILDING

an art deco building designed by the Filipino


architect Juan M. de Guzman Arellano, and built in 1935

Emblems of the United States like the


American eagle can be seen on the
walls and arches since the building
was built during the American
Colonial Period
OLD EXECUTIVE BUILDING
Americanized style of furniture and furnishing

Conference hall of
President Quezon

Wall carvings
OLD EXECUTIVE BUILDING
an art deco building designed by the Filipino
architect Arcadio Arellano, and built in 1914

The use of art Deco as the main character of the building in such a
manner that this building has remind
NATIONAL MUSEUM
currently housed in two neo-classical buildings in the City
of Manila. Housed in the former Finance Building which
I've featured several times in the past. The National Art
Gallery is in the former Legislative Building

features brick and stucco


exterior, concrete tile
roof shingles, upper level
dormers and covered porte
cochere entry with circular
drive and full finished
basement
NATIONAL MUSEUM
Columns and ornaments are naturally adopted from Greek
architecture

Front of the
building, wherein
the name and
the column was
given emphasize
to.
NATIONAL MUSEUM
Different styles of architectural characters were given
emphasize to create a more exclusive attention to public

The ceiling is encapsulated with Main staircase of the museum,


octagon holes forming different octagonal in shape and form.
ambience to the museum
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY BUILDING
The era dawned on Philippine architecture using the
simple straight lines of the International Style as a chief
mode of expression

Considered as
the Largest
artdeco
complex in the
Philippines
PHILIPPINE POSTAL OFFICE
Built in 1914 by Filipino architect Arcadio Arellano, the
house stands as a fine example of Philippine architecture
during a period when Art Nouveau is being incorporated
into the making of houses and buildings.

The main pedestrian


approach is a set of
concrete steps that
terminates in an
awesome row of
fourteen grand lonic
columns. These
columns slightly project
off the façade, creating
a framed effect
PHILIPPINE POSTAL OFFICE
an art deco building designed by the Filipino
architect Juan M. de Guzman Arellano, and built in 1935

The main office is housed in a huge art deco style building


designed with huge columns at front, built during the American
colonial period.
LAZATIN HOUSE
house from the American Colonial Period, it was built in
1925 by Serafin Lazatin Y Ocampo and Encarnacion
Singian Y Torres. During World War II, it served as
residence to General Masahru Homma

This house was


preserved during
the world war II,
crafted by
American influence
and runs through
LAZATIN HOUSE
an art deco residential house designed by the Filipino and
built in 1925, through Serafin Lazatin

The main interior is


housed in a huge
art deco style
building designed
with built during
the American
colonial period.
PHILIPPINE – AMERICAN
ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURAL AND INTERIOR CHARACTERS


STYLE OF RESIDENTIAL HOUSES
Houses, from inventing Bahay na Bato as one Filipino
notion to Spanish era, Americans brought up a new style
of house, easy to build, easy to cope up with

Bungalow Houses is an
echo of early American
home, one storey home
that provides great living
space and flexibility to fit
the needs of everyone in
the family.
This influenced the living
of Filipinos by the use of
separated bedrooms
STYLE OF RESIDENTIAL HOUSES

This house uses indigenous materials, such as wood, and clay, lets the Filipinos know
the more adequate and creative style of a house, influenced by different countries’
styles
ART NOUVEAU
As influenced by atypical symbolic way of Art nouveau
group from Europe, the Americans collaborated this style
to create differently-formed ambience from Spanish
houses

Hand-painted,
printed, or
moulded on doors
and walls
DOORS
During American Colonial Period, these doors were used to
appear as the main character of the house, these are
greatly manipulated the whole concept of bungalow- type
house

Use of smaller,
lighter, slender,
cheap, not purely
wood -crafted,
and simpler type
of doors for
residential, but
looks elegant on
the other side
WINDOWS
Windows are made with different style in which Filipinos
wanted to have.

Simpler styles of
windows with
glasses and
louvers are
apparently used
to give value to
the house or any
building structure
FLOORINGS
Carpets, rugs, fabrics, and veneers were made and
brought up in the Philippines to let Filipinos know the
vitality of the floorings.

These were made to


protect from extreme
coolness in America, but
Filipinos see different
convenience on fabric’s
texture and warmth

Woods were still in good


terms for floorings, but
mostly covered with
carpets for protection
FURNITURES
Instead of pure woods, furniture were made with foam and
fabrics to deal with sitting convenience and ease from
body cramps.

Larger diversity of
furniture were made, from
the way it was
manufactured, the style
and fabric to be used, that
will necessarily create
partnership with the
house color or interiors.
End of the Presentation
Presented by:

Agustin, Yvan
Bonifacio, Reynaldo
Chan, Noemi G.
De Leon, Karla Ylaine
Delos Santos, Ruth Danica
Javier, Ivy Gene
Jimenez, Christopher
Leonen, Paul John
Macarilay, Salvador
Malig-on, Joy Gideon
Navarro, Ruzziel Van
Olgado, Stephen Jose Cenon

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