REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

PREPARED BY:
SHAIRA DE GUZMAN

What is Reproductive Health?

It is a state of complete physical, mental
and social well-being, and not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity, reproductive
health addresses the reproductive processes,
functions and system at all stages of life.

10 AREAS OF CONCERN IN THE

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

1.

FAMILY PLANNING

Family planning allows individuals and couples to anticipate

and attain their desired number of children and the spacing
and timing of their births. It is achieved through use of
contraceptive methods and the treatment of involuntary
infertility.

2. MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH AND

NUTRITION
Maternal care is the special care given to women before,
during and after child birth. Child care on the other hand, is
the care of children aged 0-13 years old.

Pregnancy is associated with several risk factors which

should be considered. These are:
o

when the woman is too young (below 18 years old);

too old (over 35 years old);

had too many pregnancies (4 or more);

had too close pregnancies (less than 2 years internal) or;

with a chronic condition like anemia, goiter, heart disease,

diabetes, bronchial asthma or tuberculosis.

Nutrition is another factor that should be looked at. Proper

and balanced diet benefits both the mother and child.

PREVENTION
AND
TREATMENT
OF
REPRODUCTIVE
TRACT
INFECTION
(RTIs)
INCLUDING SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE
(STDs) AND HIV/AIDS
3.

RTI is any infection in the reproductive system. This

includes a variety of bacterial, viral, fungal and protozoa
infections and most of them are STDs.

How to prevent RTIs?

Delaying sexual activity (for adolescents)

Decreasing the number of sex partners

Correct and consistent use of condoms

o Put on the condom before any penetrative intercourse
o Withdraw the penis right after ejaculation (while the
penis is still erect) to avoid the condom slipping off
inside the vagina.
o Put on a new condom for each new act of intercourse.

PREVENTION OF ABORTION AND MANAGEMENT OF

ITS COMPLICATION
4.

Abortion is the loss or termination to pregnancy before 20

weeks gestation from the date of onset of the last
menstruation. It is also refers to the delivery of the fetus
weighing less than 500 grams. It can be spontaneous
(miscarriage) or induced (intentionally terminated).

There are several factors that may allow abortion. This

includes:

Abnormalities in the uterus and/or cervix

Hyperthyroidism

Diabetes mellitus

Lupus infection

Smoking

Alcohol intake

Exposure to radiation

2 TYPES OF ABORTION
1.

Medical Abortion: Abortion Pill

The mifepristone or the abortion pill is a medicine that

ends a pregnancy. It works by blocking the hormone
progesterone. Without progesterone, the lining of the uterus
breaks down and the pregnancy cannot continue.
The abortion pill is followed by another medicine called
misoprostol, which makes the womb contract, causing
cramping and bleeding similar to a miscarriage.
The abortion pill can be used up to 24 weeks of pregnancy.

2. SURGICAL ABORTION
Surgical abortion involves a minor operation. There are two types of
surgical abortion:

Vacuum
aspiration

can
anesthetic,sedationorgeneral anesthetic:

be

done

withlocal

Removes the pregnancy by gentle suction.

Up to 14 weeks, this can be done withlocal anesthetics. The quicker

recovery time for this procedure means you can leave the clinic
unattended and drive sooner.

Up to 15 weeks this can be done withsedation (relaxed and sleepy)or

undergeneral anesthetic.

 Dilatation and Evacuation between 15 and 24 weeks

of pregnancy.
Carried out under general anesthetic.
The pregnancy is removed using narrow forceps through
the neck of the womb (cervix).
You will needcervical preparationon the day of surgery or
possibly the day before.

SOURCES

https://www.bpas.org/abortion-care/abortion-treatments/

https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/productspubs/pdfs/epi_module_03a_tag508.p
df

http://www.affection.org/sante/asvc/www.igc.apc.org/avsc/diseases/drti.html

http://hetv.org/resources/reproductive-health/rtis_gep/preventingstis.htm

https://www.bpas.org/abortion-care/abortion-treatments/

http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/rtis/en/