Turbine Rolling

By: Mayank
Rai

Dated:12 Feb 2016

INTRODUCTION
Startup of the turbine and auxiliary systems must
always be performed to ensure operational
reliability
and economy. Startup ,load changes and shut
down is a phase where almost all operating
values are subject to change. Monitoring of
transient operating state by monitoring
instrumentation demands close attention. It is
very important that all control operations are
always performed in the recommended sequence.
Dated:12 Feb 2016

INTRODUCTION

Depending upon turbine shaft metal

tempreture,rolling is differentiated into three
categories namely:
1.Cold Start up :
2.Warm Start up :
3.Hot Start up

:
Dated:12 Feb 2016

Preparation prior to
impulsing steam into
turbine
Before admitting steam into turbine we must ensure all its cooling,
sealing and lubrication system are in service.
1.Any two CW pump running
2.Condensor Inlet-Outlet valves open and CT riser valves open
3.Any two ACW pump running and its PHE must be charged
4.Any two TG-DMCW pump running with PHE in charged condition
5.Any one SG-DMCW pump running with PHE in charged condition
6.Seal oil system in service
7.H2 pressure greater than 3.5 Kg/Cm and purity greater than
98%

Dated:12 Feb 2016

Preparation prior to impulsing

steam into turbine
8.Turbine lube oil system running
9. Turbine on barring gear with speed between 80-120
rpm
10. Any two CEP running
11. Any BFP running
10.Gland sealing system is in charged condition and
vacuum pulling done.
11.HP & LP bypass system in charged condition
12. MAL drains must be open
13.Steam purity parameters must be achieved.
14.Boiler outlet steam temperature should be >330c
and pressure should be between 30-40 kg/cm

Dated:12 Feb 2016

Steam Purity parameters

QUANTITY

UNIT
OF
MEASU
REMEN
T

TARGET
VALUE

START-UP
VALUE

NORMAL
OPEARTI
ON

CONDUCTIVI
TY

s/cm

<0.2

<0.50

0.1

SILICA(SiO2)

mg/kg

<0.020

<0.050

0.005

TOTAL
COPPER(CU)

mg/kg

<0.003

<0.010

0.001

TOTAL IRON
(Fe)

mg/kg

<0.020

<0.050

0.005

SODIUM(Na)

mg/kg

<0.010

<0.020

0.002

Dated:12 Feb 2016

START UP CRITERIA
In this stage the startup criteria are formed and the saturated
steam characteristics are computed.
For the essential steps of turbine control like opening of stop
valve, rolling the turbine, accelerating to normal speed and loading
etc., the start-up criteria (x-criteria) are interrogated.
The x-criteria determines whether the superheating intensity or the
steam temp. are adequate for continued operation.
In order to form the limit curve for the x-criteria the necessary
steam and metal temp. are measured and the selected operating
mode is taken into account.
Dated:12 Feb 2016

START UP CRITERIA
There are total of 7 graphical criteria starting from
X1 to X7 for turbine rolling
1. To open ESV
2. To open ESV
3. Raising speed to 360 rpm
4.Raising speed to 360 rpm
5.Raising speed to 360 rpm
6.Raising speed to 3000 rpm
7.Synchronisation

Dated:12 Feb 2016

START UP MODE

There are three mode for turbine rolling :

1.Slow
2.Normal
3. Fast
The temperature criteria changes with each
mode of turbine rolling and can be selected
depending upon type of rolling but NORMAL
mode is used generally in every startup.
Dated:12 Feb 2016

Turbine Reset

After achieving X1 criteria turbine trip should

be reset in order carry forward the process of
admitting steam into turbine. This can be done
by reducing the starting device from 100% to
0% and again opening it up to 100 %.While
doing so when it reaches 35%, both the IP stop
valves opens.

Dated:12 Feb 2016

START UP CRITERIA-X1

Necessary for opening of main stop valve.

Start up criteria is formed by taking MCV Tm

temperature on abscissa and main steam temperature
before HPBP on ordinate of the graph.
Usually, it is applicable for warm and hot start-up of
the turbine for preventing admission of cold steam into
turbine.
In initial start-up, it also prevents entry of condensate
by restricting steam below min. safe allowable temp..
This criteria is identical for slow and normal mode.

Criteria can be achieved soon by start-up with proper mill

combination and maximizing the steam dumping.

Dated:12 Feb 2016

START UP CRITERIA-X2
Necessary for opening of main stop valve.
Start up criteria is formed by taking MCV Tm
temperature on abscissa and main steam saturation
temperature on ordinate of the graph
Usually, it is applicable for cold start-up of the turbine.
It ensures the admission steam must not be
condensed due to relatively low MCV temp..
It signifies that if temp. diff. is greater than 15deg. i.e.
metal temp. is relatively lower than the saturation
temp. then there is a possibility of condensation of main
steam while exposed to the control valve metal body.
Criteria can be achieved earlier by controlling saturation
temperature through optimizing main steam pressure.

Dated:12 Feb 2016

START UP CRITERIA-X3
It is also used for opening of MSV.
It is the graph between MS temp. before HPSV and MS saturation
temp.
It ensures that the MS temp. at admission point must be greater
than saturation temp. of main steam.
This criteria possess same graph for all the three modes.
Criteria can be achieved soon by start-up with proper mill
combination and maximizing the steam dumping.
Dated:12 Feb 2016

START UP CRITERIA-X4
Necessary for rolling of turbine to 360 rpm from barring speed.
The graph represents the relation between steam temp. before HPBP and midwall temp. of HPS/ HPC and it is useful for generally in warm or hot start-up.
It ensures that the inlet steam temp. must be higher than the HPS temperature.
Criteria for slow and normal mode is identical.

Criteria is fulfilled IF,

MS temp. before HPBP F(X) > 0
AND MS temp. before HPSV and HPS temp. is not bad
Else,
criteria is unfulfilled.

Dated:12 Feb 2016

START UP CRITERIA-X5
Necessary for rolling of turbine to 360 rpm from barring speed.
The graph represents the relation between HRH steam temp.
before LPBP and mid-wall temp. of IPS.
It ensures that the inlet HRH steam temp. must be higher than the
IPS temp.
It is usually useful for warm and hot start-up.
Criteria for slow and normal mode is identical.
Criteria is fulfilled IF,
HRH temp. before LPBP Fn(X) > 0
Else,
criteria is unfulfilled.

Dated:12 Feb 2016

START UP CRITERIA-X6
It is applicable for turbine rolling to 3000rpm.
The graph represents the relationship between MS temp. before HPBP and
HPS Tm.
It comprises two sub-criteria for different operational conditions i.e.
SLIDING PRESSURE AND CONSTANT PRESSURE.
TSC start-up criteria is automatically selected in sliding pr. mode if IP mode
is selected and in constant pr. mode if LP mode is selected.
The criteria X6 is also formed for HPC Tm in the same manner and it also
possess the two operational modes i.e. SLIDING PRESSURE AND
CONSTANT PRESSURE.
The criteria for HPS and HPC are identical with respect to the shaft and
casing temperature.
Criteria is fulfilled IF,
Temp. before HPBP Fn(X) < 0 Else,
criteria is unfulfilled.

Dated:12 Feb 2016

START UP CRITERIA-X7
It is applicable for turbine loading.
The graph represents the relationship between HRH temp.
before LPBP and IPS Tm.
It ensures that the HRH temp. must be higher than allowable
IPS temp.
Criteria is fulfilled IF,
HRH Temp. before LPBP Fn(X) < 0 Else,
criteria is unfulfilled.
Dated:12 Feb 2016

Parameters checklist at
3000
rpm
HPT diff. Exp.
LPT DE
TURBINE BEARING METAL TEMP. <90C
LUB. OIL TEMP. MAINTAINING AT 40C
HPT EXHAUST STEAM TEMP. < 480C
LPT EXHAUST STEAM TEMP. < 80C
SHAFT VIBRATION < 125 M
BRING PEDESTAL VIBRATION < 60 M
STEAM PURITY < LIMITING VALUE
HPT top bottom diff. temp. < 35C
IPT top bottom diff. temp. <35C

Dated:12 Feb 2016

By- Vidyanandan KV
NTPC Simulator

THANK YOU