Comparison and Contrast

BY :
ADITYA SETIAWAN

FREDERYK LAGADONI
LEREK

GIANE VESARIN ADLI

BALQIS NURDINIANTY

FITRI LESTARI

PRINCESS MERRY
CHRISTHHANIA E.P
SANTIA DWI NURFITRIANI

REGITA CAHYANI

SARAH MEDINA

DEFINITION
According to oxford dictionary comparison is a consideration or
estimate of the similarities or dissimilarities between two things
or people. And Contrast is Estimate, measure, or note the
similarity or dissimilarity.
So, Comparing (finding similarities) and contrasting (finding
differences) is a process of analysis which helps you to
understand things in greater depth. Often, the purpose of
comparison is to show that things which are considered different
are in fact similar, likewise contrasting can show that things
which are considered the same are in fact different. It can also be
a first stage in evaluation by comparing specific aspects of A and
B, it is possible to decide which is more useful or valuable.

The Comparative and The Superlative

Type of Comparison :
a) COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between the two objects they modify (larger, smaller, faster,
higher). They are used in sentences where two nouns are compared, in this pattern:
Noun (subject) + verb + comparative adjective + than + noun (object).
The second item of comparison can be omitted if it is clear from the context.
EXAMPLES :
My house is larger than hers.
This box is smaller than the one I lost.
Your dog runs faster than Jim's dog.
The rock flew higher than the roof.
Jim and Jack are both my friends, but I like Jack better. ("than Jim" is understood)

b) SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
Superlative adjectives are used to describe an object which is at the upper or lower limit of a
quality (the tallest, the smallest, the fastest, the highest). They are used in sentences where a
subject is compared to a group of objects.
Pattern :
Noun (subject) + verb + the + superlative adjective + noun (object).
The group that is being compared with can be omitted if it is clear from the context
EXAMPLES :
My house is the largest one in our neighborhood.
This is the smallest box I've ever seen.
Your dog ran the fastest of any dog in the race.
We all threw our rocks at the same time. My rock flew the highest. ("of all the rocks" is
understood)

FORMING REGULAR COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

Forming comparatives and superlatives is easy. The form depends on the number of syllables in
the original adjective.
1) ONE SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES
Add -er for the comparative and -est for the superlative. If the adjective has a consonant + single
vowel + consonant spelling, the final consonant must be doubled before adding the ending.
Adjective Comparative Superlative
talltaller tallest
fat fatter fattest
bigbiggerbiggest
sad sadder saddest

2) TWO SYLLABLES
Adjectives with two syllables can form the comparative either by adding -er or by preceeding the
adjective with more. These adjectives form the superlative either by adding -est or by preceeding
the adjective with most. In many cases, both forms are used, although one usage will be more
common than the other. If you are not sure whether a two-syllable adjective can take a
comparative or superlative ending, play it safe and use more and most instead. For adjectives
ending in y, change the y to an i before adding the ending.
Adjective Comparative Superlative
happy happier happiest
simple simpler simplest
busy busier busiest
tilted more tilted most tilted
tangled more tangled most tangled

3) THREE OR MORE SYLLABLES

Adjectives with three or more syllables form the comparative by putting
more in front of the adjective, and the superlative by putting most in
front.
Adjective
important
expensive

Comparative Superlative
more important most important
more expensive most expensive

IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

These very common adjectives have completely irregular comparative and superlative forms.
Adjective Comparative Superlative
good
better best
bad
worse worst
little
less least
much
more most
far further / farther/furthest farthest
EXAMPLES
Today is the worst day I've had in a long time.
You play tennis better than I do.
This is the least expensive sweater in the store.
This sweater is less expensive than that one.
I ran pretty far yesterday, but I ran even farther today.

Contrastive
Contrastive means showing different two things compare them.
To contarst two things is to think about how they are different. So, the
adjective contrastive is used to describe things that differ from one
another. Contrastive colors in a painting can create an interesting
image, while contrasing ersonalities can spark a feud. In language,
contrastive words show contrast between two parts of a sentence word
like but and though are exmples.

FUNCTION
Comparative Adjectives : when we talk about two things, we can
compare them. We can see if they are the same or different. Perhaps
they are the same in some ways and different in other ways. We can
use comparative adjectives to describe the differences.
Superlative Adjectives : expresses the extreme or highest degree of a
quality. We use a superlative adjective to describe the extreme quality
of one thing in a group of things.
Contrastive : is a number of features and characteristics of two
subjects, persons, places and events by contrasting them from one
point to another.

Type

Block

Point by point

FUNCTION
When you are writing critically, you need to do much more than just give
information. You should always be trying to do something with your
writing. One common function in academic writing is comparing and
contrasting, writing about similarities and differences. You may compare
and contrast objects and places, or ideas and opinion obtained from your
reading.
There are many ways of Rhetorical expressing comparison and contrast
in English.

How to write
To write a compare and contrast essay, youll need to make new
connections and express new differences between two things.
1. Choose 2 things that could go in the same category, but are also
quite different.
2. Gather your ideas by writing down characteristics of each thing
3. Ask yourself these important questions before you begin writing
your draft

EXAMPLE
The Cultures of Thailand vs Indonesia
Do you know about Indonesia & Thailand? Whats your thinking
about that country? There are some differences between Indonesia &
Thailand. However, both of them is have quite similarities. This essay
will provide the diffrences & the similiarity between the cultures of
Thailand & Indonesia.
We must often hear a story from our friends, family or the articles
which ever visited Thailand. The stories about their experiences had a
difference with Indonesian cultures. In Thailand a lot of people decided
to change their bodies with a plastic surgery treatment. In Thailand
plastic surgery is a common to hear and to do in their country. So, that
why a lot of male person in Thailand changed their gender to female.

In the other hand, the goverment in Thailand is already legality relationship with the
same gender. Which is people in there have a freedom to get their human right. And a
lot of people in there having a relationship with the same gender and the citizens in
there think thats a common things to seen. Meanwhile in Indonesia, the relationship
with the same gender its not ussual with our cultures the rules and our society.
Beside diffrences which gets in cultures of Thailand & Indonesia. It also has many
similarities. Lets looking many similarities.
There are similarities between Thailand & Indonesia which is Bangkok and Jakarta
as capital city an their city have a seriously traffic jam and most of society in there used
motorcycle as their public transportation. And both of the country has the same criteria
of beauty which is white skin is a standard of a beauty. Thats why in Thailand and
Indonesia has a lot of cosmetics product with a whitening useful.

Can be concluded from the discussion between Thailand &

Indonesia cultures has a differences and similarities. From the
diffrences Thailand assumed that plastic surgery and relationship
between the same gender is a common and acceptable for the
society in there. And from the similarities Thailand and Indonesia
had a same criteria from a traffic jam and white skin as a standard
of beauty.

Conclution
Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences
between the two objects they modify (larger, smaller,
faster, higher), and Superlative adjectives are used to
describe an object which is at the upper or lower limit of
a quality (the tallest, the smallest, the fastest, the
highest) They are used in sentences where a subject is
compared to a group of objects.For comparassion and
contrast essay the conclusion is its clear that the
beginning of the text, the author tells the difference
between Indonesia and Thailand, but the author also
tells the similarities culturals between Indonesia and

THANKYOU