QUIRINO

PROVINCE
Presented By
JACINTO, Lorenzo
LETCHE, James D.
MANDAC, Japer Neil
MIGUEL, Don

INTRODUCTION
It lies in the southeastern
portion of Cagayan Valley;
Isabela (N), Aurora (E &
SE), N. Vizcaya (W & SW)
Sierra Madre (eastern and
southern eastern) and
Mapampang ranges (West)
provides natural barrier
against storms/ typhoons

INTRODUCTION
The province occupies a
total of 305, 718
hectares where;
22.98%=70,258
hectares of land is used
as alienable and
disposable land
77.02 percent or
235,460 hectares is
forest land.

OBJECTIVES
To identify and
characterize the
natural elements that
influences farming
system
To give
recommendations
which helps to
improve some
agricultural practices
of the province

ENVIRONMENTAL
ELEMENTS OF THE
PROVINCE

CLIMATE

Solar radiation No data available.

Temperature

270 C is the average annual temp.

Rainfall
distribution

Avg. 169.6 mm
Max 502mm on July
Min. 2.8mm on April
73%

Relative
humidity
Typhoon,
drought, and
flood
frequency

Typhoons usually occurs in the month

of July to November.

SOIL PARAMETERS
Soil/ Land Types

Soil Chemical Properties

1. Soil pH
1. Soil N content
1. Soil P content
1. Soil K content
1. CEC
Soil Physical Properties
1. Soil Color
1. Soil Structure
1. Soil Texture
1. Soil Drainage
Soil Topography

Rugao soil series covers

about 8.61 % the identified
land type.

4.5-7.5
Medium
Low
Medium
High

Brownish black to grayish

brown
Columnar
Clay
Moderate
Mountainous

ALTITUDE / ELEVATION 100 2000 m above sea level

Strongly sloping to mountainous and
steep terrain in various directions

LATITUDE AND
121o00 to 122o02 N latitude and
LONGITUDE
15o54.8 to 16o38.6 W longitude

DIRECTION/ SPEED OF From S and NW to E direction. This is

WIND MOVEMENT
attributed by its mountainous to
steep terrain and the excellent
vegetation
WATER SOURCE
Irrigation structures through the
development of springs and live
creeks that supplies irrigation water
to both lowland rice fields and even
upland cultivation. Locations of these
irrigation facilities are asaklat, sanbay
and giayan of Nagtipunan

MAJOR CROPS OF THE

PROVINCE

CORN (Zea mays L.)

The total volume of
corn produced was
151, 509 metric
tons as of 2015.
(Countrystat.org)

40,424.25
hectares of land
was planted to
corn

ENVIRONMENTA
L
REQUIREMENTS

PARAMETERS

QUIRINO
PROVIN
CE

Remarks

OPTIMU MAXIMU MINIMU

M
M
M
Solar Radiation
(hours/day)

12.5

Plant corn in the open

filed area where it
absorbs enough sunlight.

Temperature

18-32

34

18

27

Rainfall
(mm/month)
Soil moisture
condition

210

1200

300

169.6

Relative
humidity (%)
Wind velocity
(km/hr)

address through
practicing reduced tillage
or maintaining ground
cover to lower the soil
temperature and to
reduce the rate of
evaporation.

>70
Provide windbreaks such
as trees, etc.

SOIL REQUIREMENTS

Soil
Parameters

Opt.

Max.

Min.

Quirino
Province

Recommendation

Soil type

Clay

Corn can adapt to

different types of soil.

pH

Loamy
Soils
5.8-6.8

4.5-7.5

N (kg/ ha)

225

Medium

10 bags of UREA (46-0-0)

P2O5 (kg/ ha)

100

Low

4.5 Bags of Triple Super

Phosphate(0-45-0)

K2O (kg/ha)

50

Medium

2 bags of Muriate of
potash (0-0-60)

High

CEC

Recommendation to Corn
Application of Phosporus (P2O5) and Potassium
(K2O) is recommended for the crop. To address
the difference in lack of phosphorus fertilizer,
Triple Super Phosphate(0-450-0), Di-ammonium
phosphate (18-43-0), and Monoammonium
Phosphate(11-55-0) were recommended
phosphate forms. While for the Potassium
fertilizer, Muriate of potash (0-0-60) is
recommended to apply.

Squash (Cucurbita maxima)

The total produced squash of the
province was 1638 metric tons as of
2015.

The total land area for squash

production is 35 hectares came from
Cabarroguis and Nagtipunan.

ENVIRONMENT
AL
REQUIREMENTS

PARAMETERS

OPT.

MAX.

QUIRINO
PROVINC
E

MIN.

Solar Radiation
(hours/day)

Temperature

35

40

Rainfall
(mm/month)

100

Up to
200

Soil moisture
condition
Relative
humidity (%)
Wind velocity
(km/hr)

Remarks

18

27
169.6

>70

Squash is a day neutral

plant which requires 10-18
hrs of sunlight for optimum
growth
Its optimum temperature is
at 35oC.
Supplemental irrigation once
a week is highly
recommended. Do not
irrigate when the fruits are
matured green
Grows best in well drained
soils
The fruits of squash requires
less humidity when stored
for longer shelf life.
Wind is not a major problem
in squash

SOIL REQUIREMENTS

Soil
Parameters

Opt.

Max.

Min.

Quirino
Province

Recommendation

Soil type

Sandy
loam or
Clay loam

Clay

Squash grows in all types

of soil given that is well
drained

pH

5.8-6.8

4.5-7.5

Squash performs best in

soils with slightly acidic
soils of 5.6-6.8 pH soils.

N (kg/ ha)

97 kg

Medium

P2O5 (kg/ ha)

82 kg

Low

K2O (kg/ha)

58 kg

Medium

High

CEC

Improves quality of fruits,

vegetables and grains

Recommendation

1. During the months of the hottest weather, where

the amount of rain is at about 2mm of rain,
supplemental irrigation is applied to meet the 200
mm of water requirement per month. This is
supplemented by irrigating once a week or hand
watering every other day with 1li/hill.
2. The soils in the province is generally clay type soils
which is still acceptable to the growth of squashes as
long as the soil is well prepared (complete tillage) for
crop production.
3. To supplement the nutrient requirement of squash,
the amount of fertilizer are 4 bags of complete(14-1414) , 40 bags of organic fertilizer, 1 bag of muriate of
potash (0-0-60) and 6 bags of solophos (0-18-0)
Rainfall is not a problem as long as squash is planted

Banana (Musa spp.)

The province produced
a total volume of
70,846.60 mt of
bananas as of 2015.
(Countrystat.org)
It was produced from
total land area of 8131.
59 hectares .

ENVIRONMENTA
L
REQUIREMENTS

PARAMETERS

QUIRINO
PROVINCE

Opt.

Max.

Min.

Temperature

27

16

38

27

Rainfall
(mm/month)

183

169.6

Soil moisture
condition

Relative
humidity (%)

>60

Wind velocity
(km/hr)

80

RECOMMENDATION

Solar
Radiation
(hours/day)

Practicing reduced
tillage or maintaining
ground cover to lower
the soil temperature
and to reduce the rate
of evaporation.

>70

Provide windbreaks
(trees) .

SOIL REQUIREMENTS

Soil
Parameters
Soil type

Opt.

Max.

Min.

pH

welldrained
loams
5.0-7.0

Quirino
Province
Clay

4.5-7.5

N (kg/ ha)

200-400

Medium

9-17 bags of UREA

(14-14-14)

P2O5 (kg/ ha)

45-60

Low

2-3 bags of Triple

Super Phosphate(045-0)

K2O (kg/ha)

240-480

Medium

8-16 bags of
Muriate of potash
(0-0-60)

High

CEC

Remarks
Banana can adapt
to different types of
soil

Recommendation
1. Rainfall requirements for banana is 183 mm/ month
which have a difference of 13.4 mm with that of
temperature of the province. The impact of this gap
between requirement and the actual climate of the
province can be address through practicing reduced
tillage or maintaining ground cover to lower the soil
temperature and to reduce the rate of evaporation.
2. Provide tough barriers in the plantation like mango
trees (Mangifera indica) , bamboos (Phyllostachys sp.)
etc. to eliminate possible damage by strong winds or
typhoon during months of July to November.
3. Since the P content of the soil was low, it was
recommended to have an additional phosphorus
(P2O5) fertilizer during application. Triple Super
Phosphate(0-450-0), Di-ammonium phosphate (18-43-

Cassava (Manihot
esculenta )
As of 2015, province produced a
total volume of 35, 015 metric
tons of cassava
(Countrystat.org)
There are 30 hectares of land for cassava
located at municipality of Cabarroguis and
Nagtipunan.

ENVIRONMENTA
L
REQUIREMENTS

PARAMETERS

QUIRINO
PROVINCE

OPT.

MAX.

MIN.

Solar Radiation
(hours/day)

Temperature

25-30 o
C

42 o C

19 o C

27

Rainfall
(mm/month)

125

62.5

169.6

Soil moisture
condition

Relative
humidity (%)
Wind Velocity

>70

REMARKS

Cassava needs high light

intensity for better root
formation.
low temperature in high
elevation delays storage
development
Cassava produce low yield
and deformed roots when
subjected to drought stress
especially during the first 3
mo of planting
Moisture stress affect the
supply of assimilates
needed for the
development of storage
root.
Humidity is not a major
problem.

No wind speed and high

SOIL REQUIREMENTS
Soil
Parameters
Soil type

Optimum

Maximum Minimum

Quirino
Province
Clay

Recommendati
on
Complete
tillage is
required for
the best
performance

Sandy
loam to
clay loam

5.5 6.5

8.0

5.5

4.5-7.5

N (kg/ ha)

88

Medium

Directly
involved in
photosynthesis

P2O5 (kg/ ha)

42

Low

Promotes early
root formation
and growth

K2O (kg/ha)

42

Medium

pH

CEC

High

Recommendation for Cassava

1. Timing of producing cassava should start at the
end of the rainy season which is in the latter part of
the year especially in the months of October and
November. This is ideal if cassava is grown for its
roots while on the last week of august is the best
time to plant for tops.
2. Clay soils found generally in Quirino province
should pose not much in performance because
cassava needs complete tillage for best
performance and better root formation.
3. To supplement the nutrient requirement of the
crop, 88-42-42 is required which translates to 6
bags of complete (14-14-14) and 2 bags of urea (460-0)

CONCLUSION
Theoretically speaking, as observed in the data
and tables shown above. The major crops which
are grown in the area is well adopted to crop
production. Constraints are present but can be
remedied by cultural management practices.