Principles of Remedial Instruction What is a Reading Teacher? Is a remedial teachers role vital in helping the remedial reading pupils? How could a remedial teacher nurture & develop a remedial pupils reading performance & pace? Understanding Student teachers will be able to understand that effective & efficient reading remedial instruction and their role as an effective reading teacher is highly significant for their pupils overall literacy development. Students, in the long run, will be able to Judge an effective and efficient strategy on remedial instruction, apply the different principles of reading remedial instruction, and successfully fulfil their task as a reading teacher. What is Reading? Reading is a subtle and complex process that involves sensation, perception, comprehension, application, and integration. What is Reading? Reading can be one mans deepest pleasures. It extends his experience, giving him a glimpse of the worlds excitement, pleasure, and wisdom. ACTIVITY TIME!!! What is your perception about reading? At what age did you learn to read? Do you love reading? Why? Why not? How often do you read? Do you do it for pleasure or purely learning? What steps do you undergo when you read? As you listen to your partner, can you sense the differences? Indifferences, perhaps? This is due to the learners individual differences (e.g. factors that affect the learners reading comprehension, etc.) Remedial Instruction: 1. Plan the process Why do I need this?, How am I going to conduct this?, What materials do I need?, and others. Take note, learners do not progress at the same rate. Mastery Learning Individualized Instruction Continuous Progression Non- graded School - In spite of all these efforts to get children to achieve at the norm, wide variations of in achievement are found in every grade level. 2. Diagnose Systematically identify the specific causes. Diagnosis is the art or act of recognizing disease from its signs and symptoms. (Webster) Educational diagnosis is the technique through which one discovers the strength and weaknesses of an individualfrom an observation of symptoms (Bruckner) 3. After the systematic diagnosis, the teachers needs the ability to modify instruction to meet the needs [of learners] identified by diagnosis.
Diagnosis should be continuous
and efficient. Role of Reading Teacher Role of the Reading Teacher Let us answer this question first
What is a Reading Teacher?
Reading Teacher Goldbecker (1975) emphasized the assertion that the teacher is the critical part of the reading program when she stated that the salient point remains that no reading program operates by itself. The teacher is still the single catalyst who can determine successor failure of a reading program, no matter where its emphasis lies. Reading Teacher Increase the reading skill of the students. however, research continually points to one central determinant growth and success of a student, the teacher. It is true that the teacher plays a vital role in the overall success of the student (Tonegato & Hendricks 2012) Reading Teacher teachers base their classroom practices on sound reading theory, provide instruction that meets the specific learning needs of their students, create an organized and stimulating learning environment, and regularly assess their students' reading achievement (Expert Panel on Early Reading in Ontario, 2003) Reading Teacher Some Important Characteristics of a Good Reading Teacher: 1. Teachers Expectations the more teachers know about their students, the better able they are to plan for them. 2. Teacher Planning and Instructional Time the teacher must wisely plan time allotments for reading. Reading Teacher Some Important Characteristics of a Good Reading Teacher: 3. Teacher as a good classroom organizer - teachers must be able to deal or work with large groups, small groups, the whole class an individual students. Considers level of students. Reading Teacher The role of the reading teacher is broad. The teacher: observe individual children; understand individual differences and the factors that influence them; build readiness for reading at various reading levels; identify those children who are having reading difficulties; combine diagnosis and correction with every- day reading, and; help children gain an appreciation of reading. Roles of Reading Teacher Providing Knowledge and Skills:
encourage children to use their prior knowledge;
provide direct instruction for promoting decoding, fluency, andcomprehension; answer children's questions and monitor performance; Roles of Reading Teacher Providing Knowledge and Skills:
think aloud so that children become aware of how a
capable reader and writer approaches literacy tasks; provide opportunities for children to engage in purposeful talk in the classroom, recognizing that oral language is the foundation for the development of reading and writingskills; Roles of Reading Teacher Providing Knowledge and Skills:
recognize the role of higher-order thinking in reading
achievement; reflect on the questions posed by children in order to gain insight into their thinking, identify the nature and the extent of their prior knowledge, and identify gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed in theclassroom; Roles of Reading Teacher Providing Knowledge and Skills:
help children ask and answer questions
to acquire, clarify, or confirm information and to explore ideas. Roles of Reading Teacher Motivating Children to Read:
demonstrate a passion for reading;
act as model readers for their students; know how children perceive the value of reading, and aim to enhance the perceived value by linking reading with the children's own interests andgoals; provide opportunities for discussion, teamwork, and other social interactions that make reading interesting andfun; Roles of Reading Teacher Motivating Children to Read:
know how children perceive their own ability as readers
and support them in developing a positive self-image by having them work with texts that are at their current reading level and by providing them with enough time to complete their readingtasks; encourage children to apply learned reading strategies when they are not sure about the text; Roles of Reading Teacher Motivating Children to Read:
provide a rich and varied literacy environment that
includes interesting reading material, displays, and engaging multimedia resources, and that reflects the cultural diversity of the school andcommunity; provide opportunities for children to choose their own reading material and develop a sense of control over the readingprocess; Roles of Reading Teacher Motivating Children to Read:
integrate reading into other activities to show that it is
an essential, everyday skill with practical value; focus on the internal reward of personal satisfaction and the achievement of goals that matter to the individualchild. Roles of Reading Teacher Planning and Organizing:
provide large blocks of uninterrupted classroom time for
reading instruction and plenty of meaningful practice; maintain predictable schedules and classroom routines so that children know what is expected of them in various activities throughout theday; Roles of Reading Teacher Planning and Organizing:
implement and monitor these established routines before
starting small-group instruction, to ensure that children are able to work independently while the teacher is otherwiseoccupied; use reflective practice, observation, and a variety of assessment strategies to identify each child's learning needs and provide differentiatedinstruction; Roles of Reading Teacher Planning and Organizing:
know strategies and effective practices for engaging
children in large groups, small groups, and individual instruction, and for organizing the groups in the most appropriate ways for the learning task; monitor the children's time on task and engagement in thetask; Roles of Reading Teacher Planning and Organizing:
use organizational structures and classroom
management techniques that enable children to be responsible managers of their own learningtime. Roles of Reading Teacher Planning and Organizing:
know strategies and effective practices for
engaging children in large groups, small groups, and individual instruction, and for organizing the groups in the most appropriate ways for the learning task; Roles of Reading Teacher Observing and Assessing:
use a variety of assessment tools and strategies, such
as student self-reflection, conferences with students, informal reading inventories, and runningrecords; use assessment data to determine the current strengths and needs ofchildren; continually adapt their teaching strategies to match a child'sgrowth; Roles of Reading Teacher Observing and Assessing:
provide meaningful feedback on the children's work,
rather than just providing a mark; celebrate their successes; and let them know where improvements areneeded; pay attention to the needs of children who are at risk of reading failure, and seek timely intervention and supports when it is clear that excellent classroom instruction will not beenough; Roles of Reading Teacher Observing and Assessing:
work cooperatively with literacy experts who
provide reading intervention and supports, in order to ensure that help outside the classroom is supported and reinforced by regular instruction in theclassroom. Roles of Reading Teacher Promoting Teamwork:
agree on common literacy strategies;
establish school literacy goals; build capacity within the primary division. Roles of Reading Teacher Making Cultural Connections:
develop their knowledge of other cultures;
have high expectations for all children; provide a welcoming environment that affirms allchildren; work with family members and the community to promote student learning and build bridges ofcooperation. Activity Time!!! 1.Of all the stated roles of a reading teacher, think of one of the best teachers you have ever had and can be associated with those roles. List those characteristic/s, reflect on yourself as a future teacher and think what type of reading teacher you would want to be. Choose five (5) of these characteristics and explain why.