Columbus
Journal in 1492
Note:
The meaning of this voyage is highly
debated. Within this journal, Columbus
describes his first encounters with the
Native Tribes and his overall purpose of
being there.
Saturday, 13 October, 1492
"At daybreak great [many] men came to the shore, all young and of fine
shapes, very handsome; their hair not curled but straight and coarse like
horse-hair, and all with foreheads and heads much broader than any
people I had [seen before]; their eyes were large and very beautiful; they
were not black, but the color of the inhabitants of the Canaries, which is
a very natural circumstance, they being in the same latitude with the
island of Ferro in the Canaries... They came to the ship in canoes, made
of a single trunk of a tree, wrought in a wonderful manner considering
the country;...They came loaded with balls of cotton, parrots, javelins,
and other things too numerous to mention; these they exchanged for
whatever we chose to give them. I was very attentive to them, and strove
to learn if they had any gold. Seeing some of them with little bits of this
metal hanging at their noses, I gathered from them by signs that by going
southward or steering round the island in that direction. There would be
found a king who possessed large vessels of gold, and in great
quantities.
Group 1 Columbus finds Native Americans and assumes they have
gold. The Spaniards were in search of more resources, so
Paragraph this was very exciting for them. According to the
document, Columbus says, I was very attentive to
M- Main Idea them...to learn if they have gold This evidence talks about
Columbus using the Native Americans to find gold. Also,
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the document states, there would be found a king
L- Link evidence back to your who...and in great quantities. This shows that Columbus
main idea wanted to expand the Spaniards riches, as well as his
own. In conclusion, the Spaniards wanted to move to find
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land and riches.
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main idea

Con- Conclusion
Spaniard
Requirement
Note: After discovering a new
land and encountering a tribe of
Natives, the Spanish would read
aloud (in Spanish) what became
known as the Requirement. The
spanish used many versions of
The Requirement to justify their
natural right of taking lands from
the Native populations.
I Implore you to recognize the church as a lady and in the name
of the Pope take the King as lord of this land and obey his
mandates. If you do not do it, I tell you that with the help of God I
will enter powerfully against you all. I will make war everywhere
and every way that I can. I will subject you to the yoke and
obedience of the church and to his majesty. I will take your women
and children and make them slaves...The deaths and injuries that
you will receive from here on will be your own fault and not that of
his majesty nor of the gentlemen that accompany me?
The Requirement, 1513
Group 2 The Spanish tribes want their religion to spread. One good
example is a quote coming from document 2 stating I will take
Paragraph your women and children and make them slaves. Basically they
are saying that those who chose not to be Catholic will either be a
slave or be killed. Secondly they want people to practice their
M- Main Idea religion no matter how they do it I will make war everywhere and
every way that I can. In conclusion the Spanish werent very kind
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and forcufully made people believe.
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Con- Conclusion
Portuguese
ships, 1572

Many European nations,

especially the Spanish and
Portuguese developed galleon
and caravel ships that were
easier to maneuver, and held
great storage capacity.

Lisbon, Portugal (1572). Galleon

in the center (one type of
Portuguese galleon (ship) ),
carracks, galley, round caravels,
and caravels (lateen), among
other vessels.
 The new ships can last longer and they can go farther. They can
Group 3 hold more people and materials. According to the paper,they were
Paragraph easier to maneuver, and held great storage capacity.
These ships were able to go farther, easier to maneuver, and able
to hold more because of bigger storage capacity. Causes are them
M- Main Idea creating new ships.

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Con- Conclusion
 War Date Summary
s

European Wars King

Williams
1689

Between New England and
New France. British win.
War 1697

Note: This source was created Queen 1702 Britain gains Nova Scotia,
Annes New Foundland, and island
from various sources. It
War 1713 of St. Kitts
demonstrates that England and
France fought several wars King 1744 Tie between British and
against each other in an effort to Georges French but British take many
gain more land in the New World. War 1748 losses.
Various Native American tribes
often allied themselves with French 1754 Britain wins all of Canada.
either side. Below are examples and France loses Louisiana and
Indian 1763 most of the Caribbean. Spain
of Colonial Wars. War also loses Florida to Britain.
 Europeans explored because they wanted new land which caused
Group 4 wars. In Queen Annes war Britain won Nova Scotia,
Paragraph Newfoundland, and island of St. Kitts. In the French and Indian
war Britain won Canada, France lost Louisiana, most of
Caribbean, Spain loses Florida. It shows they are competing over
M- Main Idea land. This is why the Europeans explored.

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Con- Conclusion
1 2

3
Group 5 New technology in maps allows us to accurately see the
world because explorers are allowed to move to new lands
Paragraph because they could. For instance, before Columbus travelled the
maps were not accurate nor detailed. Since Columbus hasnt gone
on his voyage yet, the maps were not very accurate because the
M- Main Idea Americas havent been discovered. Whereas after Columbus
sailed the ocean blue the maps got a whole lot more detailed and
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accurate. Since a lot of new land has been discovered and
L- Link evidence back to your mapped more people moved to other lands because they could.
main idea Since new advancements in the field of map making then more
people moved to other lands across the ocean.
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main idea

Con- Conclusion

Trade in Asia
Note: This is a secondary source
from Historian John P. McKay. He
describes the impact of the Fall of
Constantinople (1453) on Europe
in A History of Western Society
10th ed. (Boston: Bedford/St.
Martins, 2011).
By the mid-sixteenth century Ottomans controlled the sea
trade in the eastern Mediterranean, Syria, Palestine, Egypt,
and the rest of North Africa, and their power extended into
Europe as far west as Vienna (Austria).
Ottoman expansion frightened Europeans. The Ottoman
armies seemed nearly invincible and the empires desire for
expansion limitless. In France in the sixteenth century, twice
as many books were printed about the Turkish threat as
about the American discoveries. The strength of the
Ottomans helps explain some of the missionary fervor
Christians brought to new territories. It also raised economic
concerns. With trade routes to the east in the hands of the
Ottomans, Europeans needed to find new trade routes.
Group 6 The Europeans explored the new world because The ottomans
controlled the sea trade in the Eastern Mediterranean. According
Paragraph to John P. Mckay had to find alternate trade routes to get to Asia,
and they found new places on accident. Since the Ottoman
controlled mediterranean sea trade the europeans needed to find
M- Main Idea alternate trade routes and ended up finding new places.
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Con- Conclusion