Arus Equatorial

Dr.Sc. Anindya Wirasatriya,

ST, Msi, MSc
 Academic Background
ST : Marine Science, Diponegoro
University(1995-2000)
MSi : Coastal Resources Management,
Diponegoro University (2002-2005)
MSc : Satellite Oceanography, Tohoku
University, Japan (2009-2011)
Dr Sc : Satellite Oceanograhy, Tohoku
University, Japan (2012-2015)
email:
SIRKULASI ARUS
GLOBAL
POLA ANGIN SECARA
GLOBAL
 ATMOSFER & BUMI SATU SISTEM YG
SALING MEMPENGARUHI

ANGIN BERTIUP DARI DAERAH TEKANAN

TINGGI MENUJU DAERAH TEKANAN RENDAH
ANGIN PASAT

Mengapa angin pasat bertiup dari timur-

laut & tenggara dan tidak bertiup langsung
dari utara atau selatan ?
Pola sirkulasi atmosphere jika bumi tidak
berotasi
Pola sirkulasi atmosphere jika bumi
berotasi
Sirkulasi atmosphere aktual
SIRKULASI ARUS PERMUKAAN
GLOBAL
POLA ARUS PERMUKAAN
GLOBAL
 Gyre : sirkulasi arus skala besar
Pola sirkulasi ini terbentuk karena
pengaruh sistem angin permukaan, gaya
coriolis & benua yg merupakan
penghalang & membelokkan arus.
Pola sirkulasi di utara ekuator searah
jarum jam & di selatan ekuator
berlawanan dg putaran jarum jam
 SURFACE OCEAN CURRENTS AROUND SEMIPERMANENT HIGH
EAST GREENLAND C.
ALASKAN
STREAM
ALASKAN LABRADOR C.
NORTH
CURRENT
ATLANTIC C.
OYASHIO C.

NORTH PACIFIC C.. GULF STREAM

H
KUROSHIO C. CALIFORNIA C.

H
CANARY CURRENT

NORTH
NORTH EQUATORIAL CURRENT
EQUATORIAL C.
SOMALI C.

EQUATORIAL COUNTER CURRENT EQUATORIAL COUNTER C.

SW MONSOON C.
SOUTH
SOUTH EQUATORIAL C. EQUATORIAL

H CURRENT
SOUTH
H
H
EQUATORIAL
BENGUELA
CURRENT PERU
EAST AUSTRALIAN C. BRAZIL C. CURRENT
CHILE C.

H
AGULHAS C. SOUTH PACIFIC C.
SOUTH
ATLANTIC
CURRENT
SOUTH INDIAN C.
ANTARTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT
(WEST WIND CURRENT)
Indonesian throughflow / ARLINDO

Schematic of Indonesian Throughflow pathways (black numbers represent

previously determined transport in Sverdrups (10 6 m3/s), and red numbers
are total transports determined for the inflow and outflow passages. ME is
the Mindanao Eddy and HE is the Halmahera Eddy. Insets A-D show positions
of INSTANT moorings. Inset A: Makassar Strait inflow moorings (USA: red
diamond) within Labani Channel. Inset C: Lifamatola Passage mooring
(Netherlands: yellow triangle). Inset B and D: Lesser Sunda Island moorings
in Ombai Strait and Lombok Strait (USA: red diamonds) and Timor Passage
(France: purple square;Australia: green circles), and shallow coastal
SAMUDR
A
ATLANTI
K
 SISTEM ARUS PERMUKAAN LAUTAN
ATLANTIK

GYRE DI SELATAN : ARUS EKUATOR, ARUS

BRASIL, ARUS ATLANTIK & ARUS BENGGALA
GYRE DI UTARA : ARUS EKUATOR, ARUS
FLORIDA & GULFSREAM , ARUS ATLANTIK
UTARA, ARUS CANARY
ARUS EKUATOR SELATAN DLM GERAKANNYA
KE ARAH BARAT TERPECAH MENJADI 2
SEBAGIAN KE UTARA MELINTASI EKUATOR &
BERGABUNG DI PERAIRAN FLORIDA &
SEBAGIAN BERGERAK KE SELATAN
MEMBENTUK ARUS BRASIL.
SAMUDRA PASIFIK
SISTEM ARUS PERMUKAAN LAUTAN PASIFIK

GYRE DI UTARA : ARUS EKUATOR, ARUS

KUROSHIO, ARUS PASIFIK UTARA & ARUS
CALIFORNIA
GYRE DI SELATAN : ARUS EKUATOR, ARUS
AUSTRALIA TIMUR, ARUS PASIFIK
SELATAN & ARUS PERU-CHILE
SAMUDRA HINDIA
SISTEM ARUS PERMUKAAN LAUTAN HINDIA

BATAS UTARA 25 U & 40 S

DIPENGARUHI MONSOON SIRKULASI
ARUS PERMUKAAN BERUBAH DENGAN
MUSIM
NOV MARET (ANGIN DARI TIMUR LAUT)
MEI SEPTEMBER (ANGIN DARI BARAT
DAYA)
 MEKANISME
TERBENTUKNYA ARUS
EKUATOR
 SISTEM ARUS EKUATOR

L. PASIFIK + L. ATLANTIK + L. HINDIA (NE

MONSOON) :
ARUS EKUATOR UTARA (NEC)
ARUS BALIK EKUATOR (ECC)
ARUS EKUATOR SELATAN (SEC)
SELAIN ITU ARUS BAWAH EKUATOR
(EQUATORIAL UNDER CURRENT) ATAU ARUS
CROM WELL (1951)
SISTEM ARUS EKUATOR
KETIDAKSIMETRIAN ANGIN PASAT TERHADAP
EKUATOR. ANGIN PASAT BERTEMU DI
DOLDRUM (DAERAH ANGIN LEMAH).
Montgomery and Palmen (1941)
The trade winds, by continually exerting a
westward stress on the sea surface, produce
a westward ascent of sea level along the
Equator. This slope amounts to about 4 cm
per thousand km, and the accompanying
pressure gradient extends down to about
150 cm in the Atlantic Ocean. The
Equatorial Counter Currents are found in the
doldrums and apparently result simply as a
downslope flow in this zone where the winds
maintaining the slope are absent.
MEKANISME ARUS
EQUATOR
ARUS BAWAH EKUATOR
(EQUATOR UNDER
CURRENT)
Depth: The surface currents flow west. There is reversal point about
40 m down, where the water starts to flow east. The current goes down
to about 400 m.
Flow rate:The total flow is up to around 30 000 000 cubic meters per
second. The top speed is around 1.5m/s (this is about twice as fast as
the westerly surface current)
Length:13,000km
TERIMA
KASIH