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HORTICULTURAL PESTS

Hadiwiyono

Department of Agrotechnology
Faculty of Agriculture
Universitas Sebelat Maret
PEST
Pest (narrow term)
Insect, mite, mammalian, avers
Phytopathogen (plant pathogen)
Fungi, bacteria, virus, nematode
Weeds
Hama (istilah sempit)
Serangga, tungau, mamalia, avers
Phytopathogen (tanaman patogen)
Jamur, bakteri, virus, nematoda
PESTS: THREAT OF GLOBAL
MARKET

Protection through quarantine


Certain countries refuse the import of material contaminated by pests.
Eco-labling and agricultural product certification
Plant should be grown with good agricultural practice or sustainable agriculture
system
Product consisting pesticide over minimal tolerable level will be refused to import.
Perlindungan melalui karantina
negara-negara tertentu menolak impor bahan terkontaminasi oleh
hama.
Eco-labling dan sertifikasi produk pertanian
Tanaman harus tumbuh dengan praktek pertanian yang baik atau
sistem pertanian berkelanjutan
Produk terdiri pestisida lebih lumayan minimal akan menolak untuk
mengimpor.
HIGH PEST RISK OF HORTICULTURAL PLANT

Attack directly the crops


Claim of Consumers
- Good and fresh perform (high quality)
- Free from dangerous contaminants ie. Pesticide
- Original flavor and smelt
High water contain: easy to rot and occur fermentation
Physical vulnerable: dificult to handle
Serangan langsung tanaman
Klaim Konsumen
- Baik dan segar melakukan (kualitas tinggi)
- Bebas dari kontaminan berbahaya yaitu. Pestisida
- Rasa asli dan mencium
air yang tinggi mengandung: mudah membusuk dan terjadi fermentasi
Fisik rentan: dificult untuk menangani
IMPORTANCE OF HORTICULTURAL PESTS

Seed
Early stage of growth
Vegetative stage
Generative stage
Post harvest
Benih
tahap awal pertumbuhan
tahap vegetatif
tahap generatif
pasca panen
CROP LOSSES OF SEEDS

Damage seed directly: need control in storage


- pest and pathogen damage in storage
Seed born disease: need to produce free seeds
from pathogen
benih kerusakan langsung: kontrol kebutuhan
dalam penyimpanan
- Hama dan patogen kerusakan dalam
penyimpanan
Benih penyakit lahir: kebutuhan untuk
memproduksi benih bebas dari patogen
CROP LOSSES OF SEEDS Continued

Consequence of pest in storage:


must be controlled intensively
- Controled chamber/room
- Specific treatment ie. Fumigation
- Packaging
Konsekuensi dari hama di penyimpanan: harus dikontrol
secara intensif
- Controlled chamber / ruang
Pengobatan spesifik yaitu. Fumigasi
- Kemasan
CROP LOSSES OF SEEDS Continued

Control the seed born pests:


- seed production-free from pests
- take place at free area from pests
- in screen house
- Intensive control
- Tissue culture
Mengontrol hama benih lahir:
- Produksi benih bebas dari hama
- Berlangsung di daerah bebas dari hama
- Di rumah layar
- Kontrol Intensif
- Kultur jaringan
CROP LOSSES AT EARLY STAGE OF
PLANT

Emergence stage is the most vulnerable to pests


Re-planting the died seeds or fail to germinate
Bad quality of growth
Non homogeneous growth
tahap munculnya adalah yang paling rentan terhadap
hama
Re-menanam bibit mati atau gagal untuk berkecambah
kualitas buruk pertumbuhan
Pertumbuhan non homogen
PEST ATTACKING CROPS

Tuber
Rhizome
Leaf
Shoot
Flower
Fruit
Grain
Pea
Umbi
rimpang
Daun
Menembak
Bunga
Buah
Gandum
Kacang
PEST DISTURB IN PRODUCTION PROCESS

Attack at important crops such leaf, stem, branch, flower, fruit, tuber, etc.
With variation of symptom :
- Hypotrophic
- Hypertrophyc quantity/quality
- Necrotic
Serangan di tanaman penting seperti daun, batang,
cabang, bunga, buah, umbi, dll
Dengan variasi gejala:
- Hypotrophic
- Hypertrophyc kuantitas / kualitas
- nekrotik
PEST ATTAKING AT POST HARVEST

As continued attack from the field


Some pests the intensity of damage will increase significantly in storage
Original Storage Pathogen
Ex.
Eervinia spp. causes soft rot on most crops of vegetables such tubers, leaf, fruits etc.
Asperglus, Pinicillium, Rhizopus, Phythium are the most common fungi damaging
vegetables and fruits handed badly
Seperti serangan lanjutan dari lapangan
Beberapa hama intensitas kerusakan akan meningkat secara signifikan dalam
penyimpanan
Asli Storage Patogen
Ex.
Eervinia spp. menyebabkan busuk lunak pada sebagian besar tanaman sayuran
seperti umbi-umbian, daun, buah-buahan dll
Asperglus, Pinicillium, Rhizopus, Phythium adalah jamur yang paling umum
merusak sayuran dan buah-buahan menyerahkan buruk
ASSIGNMENT

A pest of horticulturalal plant (a pest in nerow term or a disease)


Prepare: power point for 15 mnutes
The contents are
1. Economic important
2. Symptoms of dsamage
3. biology
4. Ecology and affecting Factors
5. Control methods
Sebuah hama tanaman horticulturalal (hama di jangka nerow atau penyakit)
Siapkan: power point untuk 15 mnutes
Isinya
1. Ekonomi penting
2. Gejala dsamage
3. biologi
4. Ekologi dan mempengaruhi Faktor
5. Metode pengendalian

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