English Grammar I

Unit 12: Conditional Sentence

Unit 12: Conditional Sentence

12.1 First Conditional

First conditional are used to talk about the
future. It contains two parts. One is if
clause, the other is main clause. The if
part of first conditional is used to talk about
things that may happen in the future,
present simple is used, and the tense in
the main clause is the future tense.
Unit 12: Conditional Sentence

if clause always comes first in a first

conditional sentence. And we put a
comma. When the main clause comes
first, comma isnt needed.
Unit 12: Conditional Sentence

If Clause Main Clause

If it rains tomorrow, the game will be
cancelled.
If you ask me, I will help you.
If I get a promotion, I will buy you a
diamond ring.
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If Clause Main Clause

If the temperature is the steel melts. (the
high, general truth)
If it is Summer in it is winter in Sydney
Taipei. (the general truth)
Unit 12: Conditional Sentence

12.1-1 Exercise: First conditional

sentence:
1. If it ____ (be) noon in Taipei, it ______
(be) 11:00 a.m. in Tokyo.
2. You ___________ (be) healthy if you
___________ (exercise) every day.
3. If you _____ (practice) English every day,
you _______ (speak) it fluently.
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4. If air ____ (expand), it _______ (become)

lighter.
5. Ice ________ (melt) if it ________ (take)
out from the freezer.
6. If you ________ (not like) airplane food,
you _______ (have) instant noodles.
7. If the player _______ (not score) soon,
his team ________ (lose).
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12.2 Second Conditional

In second conditional, the tense in the if
clause is the simple past, and
would\wouldnt +verb is used in the main
clause. In these sentences, the time is
now, and the situation is unreal. They refer
to an unlikely or hypothetical condition and
its possible result.
Unit 12: Conditional Sentence

If Clause Main Clause

If it rained, you would get wet.

If you got up early, you wouldnt be late

for class.
If I were you, I would give up
smoking.
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12.2-1 Exercise: Second conditional

sentence.
1. If I _____________ (be) a plant, I
__________________ (love) the rain.
2. If you really _______ (love) me, you
___________ (buy) me a ring.
3. If I _____________ (know) where she
lives, I __________ (go) and see her.
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4. You _________ (not need) to take the

course if you ________(understand)
English grammar.
5. _________ (will) he go to the concert if I
_________ (give) him a ticket?
6. We _______ (be) able to buy house if we
________ (have) more money.
7. If I _______ (see) a ghost, I _______ (let)
you know.
Unit 12: Conditional Sentence

12.3 Third Conditional

Third conditional is used to talk about
things that did or didnt happen in the past.
The tense in the if' clause is the past
perfect, and would/wouldnt have + past
participle is used in the main clause.
Unit 12: Conditional Sentence

If Clause Main Clause

If the Titanic hadnt it wouldnt have sunk.

hit an iceberg,
If I had known your I would have visited
address, you yesterday.
If I had had enough I would have bought
money, that villa.
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12.3-1 Exercise: The third conditional

sentence
1. Victor ______ (got) the job if he ____ (fail)
the test.
2. If I ____ (get) up earlier this morning, I
______ (not miss) the bus.
3. John F. Kennedy ______ (not assassinate)
if he ______ (not go) to Dallas.
Unit 12: Conditional Sentence

4. Raymond ______ (apply) for that job if he

______ (read) the newspaper yesterday.
5. I ______ (go) to the party last night if I
_______ (know) you were there.
6. If she ______ (not lose) your cell phone
number, she _______ (call) you.
7. We _______ (study) harder if we
_______ (know) the exam was important.
 Unit 12: Conditional Sentence

12.3-2 Exercise : Use correct conditional

sentence to complete each sentence.
1. If we ______ (have) wings, we _______
(can fly) as high as we like.
2. Tom acts as if he ____ (be) the boss.
3. It is raining now so the game is cancelled.
If it ____ (not rain) now, the game ______
(not cancel).
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4.Carol missed the train because she got up

late this morning.
If Carol _____ (get) up early, she _____
(not miss) the train.
5.I didnt eat breakfast this morning so I feel
hungry now.
If I ______ (eat) my breakfast this morning,
I _______ (not feel) hungry now.
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6.I didnt go into business with my friend

Sam. If I _______ (go) into business with
him, I ______ (might make) a lot of money.
7.My wife and I werent able to go on a
honeymoon.
We _______ (go) away if my father
_______ (not be) sick.
8.My boss once almost made a terrible
mistake. If I _____ (hot help) him, he
_____ (may go) to jail.
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9. That sounds a great job. If I _______ (be)

you, I ________ (accept) it immediately.
10. I didnt know you needed a ride to the
HSR station. If I _______ (know) you
needed a ride to the HSR station, I
_______ (give) you a ride.
11. I wish I _____ (go) to the movies with
you last night.
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12. Mrs. Johnson took the job because she

didnt know she had to work nightshift.
If Mrs. Johnson _________ (know) she
had to work nightshift, she ___________
(not take) the job.
13. My son ________ (go) to school last
Monday if he __________ (not be) sick.
14. If gasoline ____________ (be)
inexpensive, I ________ (drive) to work.