Hyperbola Centered at (h,k)

A hyperbola does not always have to be

placed with its center at the origin. If the
center is (h,k) the entire ellipse will be
shifted h units to the left or right and k units up
or down.
 Asymptotes
A line that continually approaches a given curve but does not
meet it at any finite distance.

There are three types: horizontal, vertical and oblique:

The Standard Form of the Hyperbola with Centre (h, k)

When the transverse axis is vertical,

the equation in standard form is:
(y k)2 (x h)2
2 2 1
a b
The centre is (h, k).
The transverse axis is parallel to the
(h, k) y-axis and has a length of 2a units.
The conjugate axis is parallel to the
x-axis and has a length of 2b units.
The slopes of the asymptotes are
a -a
and .
b b

The general form of the equation is

Ax2 + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0.

3.5.9
The Standard Form of the Hyperbola with Centre (h, k) [contd]

When the transverse axis is The transverse axis is parallel to the

horizontal, the equation in x-axis and has a length of 2a units.
standard form is: The conjugate axis is parallel to the
y-axis and has a length of 2b units.
(x h) 2 (y k)2 The slopes of the asymptotes are
2 2 1 b -b
a b and .
a a 3.5.10
(x h)2 (y k)2 = 1 (y k)2 (x h)2 = 1
a2 b2 b2 a2

Horizontal Vertical
Hyperbola Hyperbola

The center of a hyperbola is at the point (h, k) in either form

For either hyperbola, c2 = a2 + b2

Where c is the distance from the center to a focus point.

The equations of the asymptotes are

y =b/a (x h) + k and y = -b/a (x h) + k

Horizontal

"a" is the number in the denominator of the positive term

If the x-term is positive, then the hyperbola is horizontal

a = semi-transverse axis

b = semi-conjugate axis

center: (h, k)

vertices: (h + a, k), (h - a, k)

c = distance from the center to each focus along the transverse axis

foci: (h + c, k), (h - c, k)

The eccentricity e > 1

Vertical

"a" is the number in the denominator of the positive term

If the y-term is positive, then hyperbola is vertical

a = semi-transverse axis

b = semi-conjugate axis

center: (h, k)

vertices: (h, k + a), (h, k - a)

c = distance from the center to each focus along the transverse axis
foci: (h, k + c), (h, k - c)

The eccentricity e > 1

 Graph: (x + 2)2 (y 1)2 = 1
9 25

Horizontal hyperbola
Center: (-2, 1)
a2 = 9 = 3, b2 = 25 = 5
Vertices: (-5, 1) and (1, 1)
c2 = 9 + 25 = 34
c = 34 = 5.83

Foci: (-7.83, 1) and (3.83, 1)

5
Asymptotes: y = (x + 2) + 1
3
-5
y = (x + 2) + 1
3
Graph: 9y2 4x2 18y + 24x 63 = 0
9(y2 2y + ___)
1 4(x2 6x + ___9 ) = 63 + ___9 ___36

9(y 1)2 4(x 3)2 = 36

(y 1)2 (x 3)
2
= 1
4 9

The hyperbola is vertical

Center: (3, 1)
c2 = 9 + 4 = 13
c = 13 = 3.61

Foci: (3, 4.61) and (3, -2.61)

2
Asymptotes: y = (x 3) + 1
3
-2
y = (x 3) + 1
3
 Writing the Equation in General Form

(y 2)2 (x 3)2
1
25 9
9(y - 2)2 - 25(x - 3)2 = 225
9(y2 - 4y + 4) - 25(x2 - 6x + 9) = 225
9y2 - 36y + 36 - 25x2 - 150x - 225 = 225
-25x2 +9y2 - 150x - 36y + 36 - 225 = 225
-25x2 + 9y2 - 150x - 36y - 414 = 0

The general form of the equation is

-25x2 + 9y2 - 150x - 36y + 36 = 0
where
A = -25, C = 9, D = -150, E = -36, F = 36.

3.5.12
 Writing the Equation of a Hyperbola
Write the equation of the hyperbola with centre at (2, -3), one
vertex at (6, -3), and the coordinates of one focus at (-3, -3).
The centre is (2, -3), so h = 2, k = -3.
The distance from the centre to the vertex is 4 units, so a = 4.
The distance from the centre to the foci is 5 units, so c = 5.
Use the Pythagorean property to find b:
b2 = c2 - a2
= 25 - 16 9(x - 2)2 - 16(y + 3)2 = 1
=9 9(x2 - 4x + 4) - 16(y2 + 6y + 9) = 144
b = 3 9x2 - 36x + 36 - 16y2 - 96y - 144 = 144
9x2 - 16y2 - 36x - 96y + 36 - 144 = 144
(x h) 2 (y k)2 9x2 - 16y2 - 36x - 96y - 216 = 0
2 2 1
a b General form
(x 2)2 (y 3)2
2 2 1
4 3
(x 2)2 (y 3)2 Standard
1 form
16 9 3.5.13
 Analyzing a Hyperbola
State the coordinates of the vertices, the coordinates of
the foci, the lengths of the transverse and conjugate axes
and the equations of the asymptotes of the hyperbola
defined by 4x2 - 9y2 + 32x + 18y + 91 = 0.

4x2 - 9y2 + 32x + 18y + 91 = 0

(4x2 + 32x ) + (- 9y2 + 18y) + 91 = 0
4(x2 + 8x + ____)
16 - 9(y2 - 2y + _____)
1 = -91 + _____
64 + _____
-9

4(x + 4)2 - 9(y - 1)2 = -36

(x 4)2 ( y 1)2
1
9 4
(y 1)2 (x 4)2
1
4 9

3.5.14
Analyzing a Hyperbola
(y 1)2 (x 4)2
1
4 9
The centre is (-4, 1).
For this equation, a = 2 and b = 3.
The length of the transverse axis is
2a = 4.
The length of the conjugate axis is
.
2b = 6.
.
. . .
The vertices are (-4, 3) and (-4, -1):
c2 = a2 + b2
=4+9 .
= 13
c 13 3.61
.
The coordinates of the foci are
(4, 1 13) and (4, 1 13 ).
The equations of the asymptotes are
2 2
y (x + 4)+ 1 and y (x + 4) + 1.
3 3
3.5.15
PROBLEM SETS

1. Find the center, vertices, foci, and asymptotes of

Then graph

2. Find the equation of the hyperbola of focus F = (2, 5), vertex A = (-

2, 3) and center C = (2, 5). Then graph

3-4 Find the remaining parts and graph

3. V (-2, 7)
F (-2, 8)

4. C = (-2,3)
F = (-2,8)