Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Communication
NALAL MUNA, S.I.KOM, M.B.A
Organizational Communication
Organizational Communication:
Focuses on getting work done and meeting organizational goals
Focuses on change and adaptation
Focuses on social aspects and motivation of individuals
CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL
COMMUNICATION
EMPLOYEES
Formal Channels
Umum
Manajer
Marketing Manager Manajer
Production Manager Manajer
Finance Manager
Pemasaran Produksi Keuangan
Sales
Bagian Bagian
Bagian Bagian
Bagian Finance
Bagian
Promotion Bagian
Factory R&D Accounting Bagian
Bagian
Penjualan penelitian
penelitian Akuntansi
Akuntansi pendanaan
pendanaan
promosi pabrik
EMPLOYEES
KARYAWAN
KARYAWAN
Formal Channels (cont.)
Upward
Flows from lower to higher levels
Most ineffective of the three channels
Employees need opportunities to be:
Heard
Anonymous
Example devices: suggestion boxes, group meetings, participative decision
making, grievance procedures, etc.
Horizontal
Flows from one level to an equal level
Necessary for coordination of diverse organizational functions
Most effective of the three channels
Example devices: Internet, corporate intranets
General Manager
Manajer
Umum
Marketing Manager
Manajer Production Manager
Manajer Finance Manager
Manajer
Pemasaran Produksi Keuangan
Sales
Bagian Promotion Factory R&D Accounting Finance
Bagian Bagian Bagian Bagian Bagian
penjualan promosi pabrik penelitian Akuntansi pendanaan
EMPLOYEES
KARYAWAN
Diagonal
Flows from one level to different level in different division
Necessary for coordination of diverse organizational functions
Most effective of the three channels
Example : memos,
General Manager
Manajer
Umum
Bagian
Sales Bagian Bagian Bagian Bagian Bagian
penjualan Promotion Factory R&D Accounting Finance
promosi pabrik penelitian Akuntansi pendanaan
KARYAWAN
EMPLOYEES
Informal Channels
Informative
Regulative
Persuasive
Integrative
Organization Communication
Channel
Oral Communication
Face-to-face, telephone (intercom)
Written
Email, letter, fax
Oral Communication
Advantages Disadvantages
- Quick - No Record
- Instant Feedback - Maybe Hard to
remember
Written Communication
Advantages Disadvantages
- Record kept - No Instant
- Dont have to Feedback
remember - May not be
everything confidential
Consideration in Choosing Media
Is it internal or eksternal?
E-mail
www
Teleconferencing
Up to 20 people can
talk together.
Video-conferencing
Written communication
Major benefitsallows sender to think about message, reread it, have
others review it, provides a record of the communication
Major drawbackstakes more time to prepare, no interaction, no
immediate feedback, discourages open communication
Non-verbal
Sending and receiving messages by some medium
other than verbal or written
93% of message is via non-verbal content
Examples: voice, face, body, proxemics
Sources