HSDPA CHANNELS

SANJAY GIRI
AD(MOBILE)
ALTTC,BSNL
 GSM Control Channels

Control Channels

BCH ( Broadcast channels ) CCCH(Common Control Chan) DCCH(Dedicated Channels)

Downlink only Downlink & Uplink Downlink & Uplink

BCCH Synch. RACH CBCH SDCCH

Broadcast
Channels Random Cell Broadcast Standalone
ACCH
control channel Access Channel Channel dedicated Associated
control channel Control Channels

SCH FCCH PCH/

Synchronisation Frequency
AGCH FACCH SACCH
channel Correction channel Fast Associated Slow associated
Paging/Access grant Control Channel Control Channel

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 GSM Radio Interface - CYCLES

Hyperframe = 2048 Superframes

3 Hours 28 Minutes 53 Seconds and 760 milliseconds

0 2047

Superframe = 26 51
multiframes
0 6.12 Seconds 50

0 25

26 Multiframe 51 Multiframe
120 mS Approx 235 mS
0 1 2 24 25 0 1 48 49 50

TDMA frame
4.615 mS
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
 WCDMA Downlink
Logical Channels Transport Channels Physical Channels
(Layers 2+) (Layer 2) (Layer 1)
CPICH
Null Data S/P
Common Pilot Channel
Cch 256,0 Sdl,n Gain
Sync Codes(*)
BCCH BCH Data P-CCPCH(*) PSC
S/P
Broadcast Control Ch. Broadcast Ch. Encoding Primary Common Control Physical Ch.

Cch 256,1 Sdl,n Gain

PCCH PCH Data GP

Paging Control Ch. Paging Ch. Encoding
S-CCPCH SSCi SCH (Sync Channel)
Secondary Common Control S/P
CCCH
Physical Ch. GS
Common Control Ch. Cch Sdl,n Gain
FACH Data
CTCH Forward Access Ch. Encoding
Common Traffic Ch. DPCH (Dedicated Physical Channel)
CCTrCH One per UE
DCCH DCH Data
Dedicated Control Ch. Dedicated Ch. Encoding
Downlink
DTCH DCH Data M DPDCH (one or more per UE) RF Out
Dedicated Traffic Ch. 1 Dedicated Ch. Encoding U Dedicated Physical Data Ch. M
X U S/P
X
Cch Sdl,n Gain
I+jQ I
Filter

DTCH DCH Data I/Q
Dedicated Traffic Ch. N Dedicated Ch. Encoding DPCCH (one per UE) Modulator
Filter
Dedicated Physical Control Ch. Q
Pilot, TPC, TFCI bits
AICH
Access Indication data S/P
(Acquisition Indicator Channel)
Gain
PICH Cch Sdl,n * Note regarding P-CCPCH and SCH
Paging Indication bits S/P
(Paging Indicator Channel )
Cch Sdl,n Gain Sync Codes are transmitted only in bits 0-255 of
each timeslot;
HS-DSCH HS- PDSCH (one or more per UE) P-CCPCH transmits only during the remaining bits
HSDPA High Speed DL
Data
High Speed Physical Downlink S/P
Encoding of each timeslot
Shared Ch. shared Channel C16 Sdl,n Gain

Data HS-SCCH (<=4 per UE) S/P

TFRI, UE Identity, HARQ
Encoding High Speed Shared Control Channel .
C128 Sdl,n Gain

Activation flag Data E-AGCH (<=4 per UE, serving cell)

EUL Power ratio Encoding E-DCH Absolute Grant Channel
S/P
C256 Sdl,n Gain
ACK/NACK E-HICH (E-DCH Hybrid ARQ
Indication Channel)
SS
E-RGCH (non-serving cell) C128
Relative grant Sdl,n Gain
(E-DCH Relative Grant Channel)

SS
Downlink Dedicated Physical Channels
DPCCH DPDCH

2560 Chips, 10x2k bits

Pilot TPC (TFI) Data Data

Slot 0 Slot 2 Slot i Slot 14

10 ms

Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame i Frame 72

One super frame = 720 ms

HSDPA Basic Principles

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 Shared Channel Transmission

Shared-channel transmission implies that a certain amount of radio resources of a cell

(codes and power) is seen as a common resource that is dynamically shared between
users.
The idea is that a part of the total downlink code resource is dynamically shared between a set
of packet-data users, primarily in the time domain.
The codes are allocated to a user only when they are actually to be used for transmission,
leading to efficient code and power utilization.
For P4 only 5 codes (SF = 16) will be available for the HSDPA feature and they will be
shared on a time base.
SF=1

SF=2

SF=4 Channelization codes allocated

SF=8
for HS-DSCH transmission
5 codes (example)
SF=16

TTI

Shared
channelization
codes

User #1 User #2 User #3 User #4

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Shared Channel Transmission

The Shared-channel transmission allows:

Higher peak bit rate: all the resource can be allocated to a single user in case of low
load.
Better application performance being closer to the model TCP has being designed
for.
More efficient utilization of available code resources compared to the use of a
dedicated channel, i.e. reduced risk for code-limited downlink.

The Shared-channel transmission impacts:

Scheduling become more complex

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Short 2 ms TTI

2 ms
The Transmission Time Interval becomes extremely short in HSDPA; 2 ms
compared to the 10 ms used by R99 high bit rate radio bearer.
The HS channels are organised in sub-frame of 3 slots each; this means that
the slot time 2/3 ms/slot is the same as for R99 slots (10/15 ms/slot).
The scheduling and the link adaptation algorithms work at this frequency!

Rel 5 (HS-DSCH)
2 ms

Earlier releases
10 ms
20 ms
40 ms
80 ms

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 Short 2 ms TTI

2 ms
The shorter TTI allows:
Reduced air-interface delay: this is required by the the TCP at high data
rates to Improved end-user performance

The shorter TTI is necessary to benefit from other HSDPA features:

Fast Link Adaptation
Fast hybrid ARQ with soft combining
Fast Channel-dependent Scheduling

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HSDPA Power Allocation
HS-DSCH allocated power is decided by the RNC, prioritizingthe DCH channel
HS-DSCH adjusts the data rate to match the instantaneous radio conditions and the
available transmission power in the RBS
No closed loop power control is specified for HS-DSCH, unlike the DCH channel
The system adjusts the data rate by
varying the effective code rate
changing the modulation scheme
This leads to a higher efficiency in the usage of power.
Power Power
3GPP Release 99 3GPP Release 5

Unused power
HS-DSCH (rate controlled)

Total cell power

Total cell power

Dedicated channels (power controlled) Dedicated channels (power controlled)

Common channels Common channels

Power usage with dedicated channels t t

channels HS-DSCH with dynamic power allocation
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HSDPA new channels

HSDPA introduces specific channels, 1transport and 3 physical channels:

The transport channel High Speed Downlink Shared Channel (HS-DSCH) is a
resource existing only in downlink and carries user data in HSDPA.
The High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel (HS-PDSCH) is a downlink
physical channel, to which the HS-DSCH channels are mapped.
The High-Speed Shared Control Channels (HS-SCCH) is used for downlink
control signaling and carries indication about UE scheduling.
One Associated Dedicated Channel (A-DCH) pair (UL & DL) per HSDPA user in
connected state, used for control signaling and uplink data transmission. The
uplink control information is carried by the Uplink High Speed Dedicated Physical
Control Channel (HS-DPCCH).

A-DCH

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Channel Structure

Associated
Dedicated
Channels

Control Channel

HS-DSCH High-Speed Downlink Shared Channel (Transport)

HS-SCCH High-Speed Shared Control Channel(s) (Physical)
A-DCH Associated Dedicated Channel A-DCH (Transport)
HS-DPCCH High-Speed (related uplink) Dedicated Physical Control Channel
(Physical)
HS-PDSCH High-Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel (Physical)

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 An overview of HS-DSCH and its associated channels

CN RNC RBS UE

RRC DCCH
For each DPCCH
user DCCH DCH
NAS DPCH DPDCH
DCCH DCH
NAS HS
- DPCCH
DCCH

HS-SCCH
Interactive PS RAB
User 1 DTCH

Interactive PS RAB
DTCH HS-PDSCH
User 2 HS -DSCH

Interactive PS RAB
User n DTCH

Iu Iub Uu
Radio Access Bearers: Logical Channels: Transport Channels: Physical Channels:
- Interactive -Dedicated Control Channel, DCCH -Dedicated Channel, DCH -Dedicated Physical Channel, DPCH
- Background -Dedicated Traffic Channel, DTCH -High-Speed Downlink Shared Channel, HS-DSCH -DPCCH, Dedicated Physical Control Channel
-DPDCH, Dedicated Physical Data Channel
-HS-DPCCH, HS-DSCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel
-HS-DSCH Shared Control Channel, HS-SCCH
-High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel, HS-PDSCH

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HS-DSCH : High-Speed Dedicated Shared Channel

HS-DSCH is the transport channel used for data transmission on the

downlink and is shared by all users in the cell. In the HSDPA first phase
product release:
the sharing of code resource is done in the time domain on a 2 ms time basis
(TTI).
The shared code resource consists of 5 channelization codes with fixed
spreading factor SFHS-DSCH = 16, in this time frame.
The HS-DSCH cannot be in soft/softer handover and no fast power
control is used.
The HS-DSCH uses all the excess power from the available transmission
power at the base station left from the common and dedicated channels

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HS-SCCH: High-Speed Shared Control Channel

HS-SCCH is a downlink physical channel used to carry HS-DSCH related

control signaling (Physical Layer signaling).
It is shared among the HSDPA users on time division basis (TTI), with the
same scheduling as for HS-DSCH.
All UEs listen to the same HS-SCCH channel and after decoding, decide
whether the information to start listening the HS-PDSCH was intended to
that UE.
Informs the UE about:
HS-DSCH code set
Modulation scheme (QPSK/16QAM)
HS-DSCH transport format (number of transport blocks per TTI and number of
bits per transport block)
Hybrid ARQ information
Never in soft handover
The HS-SCCH has a spreading factor SFHS-DSCH = 128

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HS-DPCCH: High-Speed Dedicated Physical Control
Channel
It is used for transmitting the following information from UE to RBS:
HARQ acknowledgement (1 bit coded in 10)
Channel quality indicator (5 bits coded to 20 bits in 2 slots)
channel quality measurements based on CPICH
reporting rate is configurable through RRC/NBAP signaling
information reflecting the instantaneous downlink radio channel conditions to assist the RBS
in the transport format selection (fast link adaptation) and the scheduling
The HS-DPCCH has a spreading factor SFHS-DSCH = 256

The A-DCH both UL and DL can be in soft/softer handover whilst the HS-
DPCCH can never be in soft handover (softer is possible).
HS-DPCCH (UL) is transmitted within a dedicated channel. The main idea
is that it is power controlled from the other part of the A-DCH.

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HSDPA Channel Operation

Physical Channels:
-Dedicated Physical Channel, DPCH
-DPCCH, Dedicated Physical Control Channel
-DPDCH, Dedicated Physical Data Channel
-HS-DPCCH, HS-DSCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel
-HS-DSCH Shared Control Channel, HS-SCCH
-High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel, HS-PDSCH

HS-DPCCH: CQI

HS-SCCH: DL Transfer Information

HS-DSCH: Data Transfer

HS-DPCCH: ACK/NACK

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RAB/RB Combination Overview

Interactive and background Packet Service

New RABs defined:
Interactive PS 64/HS
PS 384/HS (optional)

About HS-DSCH:
Max. 5 codes
DL: QPSK or
DL: 16QAM (optional)
UL 64 kbps interactive radio bearer
Supported by symmetric 3.4 kbps signaling radio bearer (SRB)

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