Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ocurren con frecuencia en las poblaciones activas y atlticas como resultado de actividades deportivas tanto de contacto
como sin contacto
La incidencia de lesiones en las estructuras medial de rodilla es de 0,24 por 1000 en los Estados Unidos anualmente
Afectan mas a hombres que mujeres (2:1)
La mayora de lesiones de LCM son aisladas.
La probabilidad de lesin este asociada a otras estructuras de la rodilla aumenta con el aumento gravedad.
Con esguinces de grado III hay una tasa de 78% de lesin asociada.
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010
May;92(5):1266-80. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
EPIDEMIOLOGA E INCIDENCIA
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010
May;92(5):1266-80. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
DIAGNSTICO DIFERENCIAL
David S. Logerstedt, Lynn Snyder-Mackler.Knee Stability and Movement Coordination Impairments: Knee Ligament Sprain: Clinical Practice Guidelines Linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from the
Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010 April ; 40(4): A1A37. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.0303.
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 May;92(5):1266-80. doi:
10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
Kurt E. Jacobson, MD and Frederic S. Chi, MD.Evaluation and Treatment of Medial Collateral Ligament and Medial-sided Injuries of the Knee. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev Volume 14, Number 2, June 2006
Gilbert Moatshe, Jorge Chahla,, Robert F LaPrade, Lars Engebretsen. Diagnosis and treatment of multiligament knee injury: state of the art. Journal of ISAKOS: Joint Disorders & Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Publish Ahead of Print, published on
March 8, 2017 as doi:10.1136/jisakos-2016-000072
ESGUINCE DE LIGAMENTOS COLATERALES
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010
May;92(5):1266-80. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
MECANISMO DE LESIN
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 May;92(5):1266-80. doi:
10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
SNTOMAS
Inestabilidad en la rodilla
Inflamacin de la rodilla.
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 May;92(5):1266-80. doi:
10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
FACTORES DE RIESGO
Intrnsecos Extrnsecos
David S. Logerstedt, Lynn Snyder-Mackler.Knee Stability and Movement Coordination Impairments: Knee Ligament Sprain: Clinical Practice Guidelines Linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from the
Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010 April ; 40(4): A1A37. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.0303.
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 May;92(5):1266-80. doi:
10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
Kurt E. Jacobson, MD and Frederic S. Chi, MD.Evaluation and Treatment of Medial Collateral Ligament and Medial-sided Injuries of the Knee. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev Volume 14, Number 2, June 2006
Gilbert Moatshe, Jorge Chahla,, Robert F LaPrade, Lars Engebretsen. Diagnosis and treatment of multiligament knee injury: state of the art. Journal of ISAKOS: Joint Disorders & Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Publish Ahead of Print, published on
ANATOMA
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 May;92(5):1266-80. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 May;92(5):1266-80. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 May;92(5):1266-80. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
. A. Recondo, E. Salvador, J.A. Villana, M.C. Barrera, C. Gervs, J.M. Alstiza. Lateral Stabilizing Structures of the Knee: Functional Anatomy and Injuries Assessed with MR Imaging. Radiographics 2000; 20 Spec No: S91-
102. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11046165 full text: http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/20/suppl_1/S91.full.pdf+html (accessed 2 May 2011)
ESTABILIZADORES ESTABILIZADORES
PRIMARIOS SECUNDARIOS
ESTRS AL En todos los ngulos de LCM profundo LCA y LCP
VALGO flexin de rodilla es el LCM proporcionan una
superficial cierta resistencia
al estrs valgo.
ROTACION LCM superficial LCM profundo y, a 30 de
EXTERNA flexin, el LOP.
La imagenologa slo est indicada si el paciente cumple alguno de los siguientes 5 criterios:
Edad 55
Sensibilidad aislada de la Patela (ausencia de sensibilidad sea en la rodilla que no sea la Patela )
Sensibilidad de la cabeza de la Fbula
Incapacidad para flexionar la rodilla a 90
Incapacidad para soportar el peso de inmediato y en el servicio de urgencias por 4 Pasos a pesar de cojear
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 May;92(5):1266-80. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
DIAGNSTICO RADIOGRFICO
LCM LCL
Trauma por una fuerza aplicada a la cara lateral de la Trauma de varo excesivo
extremidad inferior Derrame localizado sobre el LCL
Traumatismo rotatorio La provocacin palpatoria de LCL reproduce el dolor familiar
Derrame o Hedema localizado sobre LCM Dolor con prueba de esfuerzo varo realizada a 0 y 30 de
Dolor con valgo test de esfuerzo realizado a 30 de la flexin flexin de rodilla
de la rodilla Aumento de la separacin entre el fmur y la tibia (laxitud) con
Aumento de la separacin entre el fmur y la tibia (laxitud) con prueba de esfuerzo en varo aplicado a 0 y 30 de la flexin
una prueba de esfuerzo valgo realizada a 30 de la flexin de de la rodilla
la rodilla
Rango normal de movimiento de la rodilla
La provocacin palpatoria de MCL reproduce el dolor familiar
David S. Logerstedt, Lynn Snyder-Mackler.Knee Stability and Movement Coordination Impairments: Knee Ligament Sprain: Clinical Practice Guidelines Linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from
the Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010 April ; 40(4): A1A37. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.0303.
CLASIFICACIN DE ESGUINCE DE LIGAMENTOS COLATERAL DE RODILLA
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 May;92(5):1266-80. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
CLASIFICACIN DE ESGUINCE DE LIGAMENTOS COLATERAL MEDIAL DE RODILLA
1 + 3-5 mm laxitud
Clnica subjetiva 2 + 6-10 mm laxitud
3 + > 10 mm de laxitud
Radiografa de esfuerzo
Lesin aislada del ligamento colateral medial superficial Aumento de la separacin de la articulacin medial de 1,7 mm a 0 de flexin de rodilla y 3,2
mm a 20 De la flexin de la rodilla *
Lesin medial completa de la rodilla (ligamento colateral medial Aumento de la separacin de la articulacin medial de 6,5 mm a 0 de flexin de rodilla y 9,8
superficial, Ligamento oblicuo posterior y ligamento colateral medial mm a 20 de flexin de rodilla *
profundo)
David S. Logerstedt, Lynn Snyder-Mackler.Knee Stability and Movement Coordination Impairments: Knee Ligament Sprain: Clinical Practice Guidelines Linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from the Orthopaedic
Section of the American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010 April ; 40(4): A1A37. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.0303.
CLASIFICACIN DE ESGUINCE DE LIGAMENTOS COLATERAL DE RODILLA
Grado I :
sensibilidad localizada y no presentan
laxitud.
Grado II
presentan un rea ms amplia de
sensibilidad y fibras colaterales medial
laterales parcialmente rasgadas y oblicuas
posteriores.
Grado III
presentan una interrupcin completa, y hay
laxitud con un estrs de valgo aplicado
David S. Logerstedt, Lynn Snyder-Mackler.Knee Stability and Movement Coordination Impairments: Knee Ligament Sprain: Clinical Practice Guidelines Linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from the Orthopaedic
Section of the American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010 April ; 40(4): A1A37. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.0303.
Wijdicks CA1, Griffith CJ, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, LaPrade RF.Current Concepts Review Injuries to the Medial Collateral Ligament and AssociatedMedial Structures of the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 May;92(5):1266-80. doi:
10.2106/JBJS.I.01229.
Duffy PS1, Miyamoto RG .Management of medial collateral ligament injuries in the knee: an update and review. Phys Sportsmed. 2010 Jun;38(2):48-54. doi: 10.3810/psm.2010.06.1782.
CUESTIONARIOS PARA LA VALORACIN DE LA FUNCIONALIDAD DE
RODILLA
lvarez Lpez, Alejandro, Garca Lorenzo, Yenima, Lpez Lastre, Guadalupe, Lpez Lastre, Mercedes, reas Sifonte, Yoanka, & Ruiz de Villa, Abel. (2012). Artrosis de la rodilla y escalas para su evaluacin. Revista Archivo Mdico de
Camagey, 16(6), 1777-1790. Recuperado en 14 de junio de 2017, de http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1025-02552012000600014&lng=es&tlng=es.
Peccin MS, Ciconelli R, Cohen M. Specific questionnaire for knee symptoms - the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale translation and validation into portuguese. Acta Ortop Bras. [serial on the Internet]. 2006; 14(5):268-272. Available from URL:
http://www.scielo.br/aob.
EXAMEN KINSICO
Derrame articular
OBSERVACIN Signos de lesin aguda (hematoma, inflamacin)
Contornos, coloracin.
INSPECCIN Y PALPACIN
deformidades, T, tensin , calidad del tejido, relaciones articulares.
Dermatoma
EVALUACIN NEUROLGICA Miotoma
Rx
Ecotomografia
IMAGENOLOGA TAC
ETC
TRATAMIENTO CONSERVADOR
Fase aguda : Proteccin, descanso, hielo, comprimir ( ktape o Bracing ) y elevar para reducir el dolor y la inflamacin y acelerar la curacin.
Fase crnica :
Lo primero mas :
Ejercicio aerbico ( bicicleta )
Entrenamiento de Fuerza, equilibrio y propiocepcin (ejercicios teraputicos)
Uso de ktape (dependiendo del grado del esguince o inestabilidad)
Ejercicios enfocados en la practica deportiva