Everything (living or non-living things) which

has mass and occupies space.

 Non-matter do not have mass and do not
occupy space.
 Matter

Physical Chemical
Properties Properties

Properties that can be

Properties of a
identified by using substance that
our five senses or become evident
measuring tools. when it changes to a
new substance.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER

SUGAR CAN DISSOLVE

IN COFFEE
 The melting point of ice
is the temperature at
which ice changes into
liquid at a certain
pressure.

The handle is made

of heat insulator
such as plastic

The pan is made of

heat conductor
such as steel.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER

Chemical
properties
depend on the
reaction that
occurs upon the
substance

RUSTING OCCUR ON IRON WHEN IT IS EXPOSED TO WATER

AND AIR
 Density

How we can
classify
Melting
Solubility Materials by
Point
their different
characteristic

Boiling
Point
 Density is defined as mass per unit volume.
Density (g/cm3) = Mass (g)
Volume (cm 3 )

The density of a substance increases if

mass increases
volume decreases
 Density is defined as mass per unit volume.
Density (g/cm3) = Mass (g)
Volume (cm 3 )
SUBSTANCE HIGHER DENSITY LOWER DENSITY

MIXTURE OF GLYCEROL AND WATER GLYCEROL WATER

MIXTURE OF PETROL AND MERCURY MERCURY PETROL

MIXTURE OF SAND AND WATER SAND WATER

MIXTURE OF OIL AND CORK OIL CORK

 An substance which is less dense will float in a
denser liquid.
An denser substance will sink in a liquid which
is less dense.
 MELTING POINT AND BOILING POINT
Melting point = Temperature at which a
substance changes from solid to liquid
Boiling point = Temperature at which a
substance changes from liquid to gas

Iron Melts at
1536 C
 Ice Melts at
0 C

Water Boils
at 100 C

SUBSTANCE MELTING POINT (C) BOILING POINT (C)

Water 0 100
Alcohol -117 78
Copper 1085 2562
Oxygen -218 -183
 SOLUBILITY
Solubility is the ability of a substance to
dissolve in a given amount of solvent to form
a solution.
Depends on the physical and chemical
properties of its solute and solvent.
Example : we dissolve sugar (solute) in a cup
of coffee (solvent) to drink.
 Matter is made up of many fine and tiny
discrete particles.
We may determine the state of matter by
their arrangement of particles.
KINETIC THEORY OF
MATTER states that
matter is made up of
constantly moving small
and discrete particles.
Blue in A copper sulphate crystal is
colour dropped to the clear water.

The clear water soon becomes

blue in colour.

The particles of blue crystal

separate and mix in between
the spaces of water particles.
 After three days

Before After

Few days later the balloon becomes smaller.

Because air is made up of many fine
Why? particles thus allowed it to diffuse
through the tiny pores of the balloons
wall.
Video 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akUuFsH4B1c&feature=related
Video 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UnBoQe2rsgo
 Matter exists in THREE STATES follow by its different
of arrangement.

Three states of matter:

SOLID

LIQUID
GAS
SOLID
The particles are closed together.
In a regular pattern.
Attractive forces are strong.
Very small space between particles.

LIQUID
The particles are closed together.
Not in a regular pattern.
Attractive forces are weak.
Spaces between particles are bigger.

GAS
The particles are far apart.
Not in a regular pattern.
Attractive forces are very weak.
Large spaces between particles.
SOLID
Particles do not move freely.
Attraction forces are strong.
They vibrate and spin at fixed positions.

LIQUID
Particles move freely.
Attraction forces are weaker.
The particles collide with each other.
GAS
Particles move freely and randomly.
Attraction forces are very weak.
The particles move in a very high speed.
 liquid
solid

gas
Diffusion rate in three states of matter

Diffusion is a process in which the particles

of substance diffuse from a high concentration
area to a low concentration.
The rate the diffusion
of particles in a solid,
liquid and gas
 There are spaces between the solid particles (gel).
These allow the potassium permanganate to move around
the gel particles in gel tube.
The total volume of water and alcohol is less than 100ml.

This is because the particles of water and alcohol fill the

empty spaces of each other.
The gas particles can move very fast and freely in the jar
because there are lots of spaces between them.

The smoke particles fill in the empty spaces between air

particles just in few minutes.
Changes in the state of matter caused
by he absorption and the release of
heat based on Kinetic theory of Matter
solid gas
Sublimation
Heat is
absorbed
Sublimation
Heat is
released

liquid