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CHAPTER 5

UTILITIES PART 1

Junaidah Jailani 2014


Introduction

Organising utilities' construction


and connections are crucial
It is common cause of delay in
construction projects due to
Work configuration
cost and complexity of the
connection process
Safety and health
Introduction

The degree of complexity involved in


getting a connection varies greatly
according to the size and nature of the
development.
Smaller scale projects involving a
connection to a single property may
simply involve connecting a property to
the existing network.
Larger schemes, often involving multiple
Introduction

Therefore it is extremely helpful at the


beginning of a project to contact all the
utility companies that will have any
involvement in the project.
If the utility contact person will visit
the jobsite, they can bring the technical
information and standards of the utility.
A plan can then be established and agreed
upon for the start, duration, and
Introduction

The plan is to ensure construction work


related to utilities connections run
smoothly and design according to law,
requirement and safety.
A proper plan also will ensure the
safeguard of the construction workers and
public
Introduction: Procedures
required for utilities
construction and connection
from start
Before Construction to Construction
During end
Submit and obtain Receive sewage
inspection and report
Development Approval once sewage and drainage
through OSC. OSC will completed
then refer the
After construction
submissions to the
Planning Department, Receive fire safety
inspection and obtain
Building Department, final letter
Engineering Department,
Fire Department,
Sewerage testing and
commissioning and obtain
Sewerage Agency and sewerage clearance
Water Agency. Builder
will submit and obtain
Connection to utilities
approval through OSC for Receive water inspection
the following documents:
Introduction:
Procedures
Introduction

Utilities cover in this chapter


are:
Water
Electricity
Sewerage
Drainage
Introduction

Temporary
Underground
Permanent
Type of Utilities
Temporary
Overhead/Aerial
Permanent
Introduction: Type of
Utility
Underground pipe, cable, instrument for
utilities connections that placed beneath
the ground. Installation shall be by
jacking, driving, boring, drilling,
tunneling or other approved means in
conformance with the requirements and
specifications
Overhead/ Aerial cable, wire, instrument
for utilities connection that placed above
Underground Utility
Construction
Underground Utility
Construction
Underground
Utilities:
A myriad of systems
installed during
various points in
time
Some locations
known, other not
known
Urban environments
Underground Utility
Construction
Various codes
stipulate clearances
between the different
utilities
New construction
employees underground
distribution to a
great extent
New transmissions &
distribution lines
are often placed in
utility corridors
Underground Utility
Construction: Water
Modern water
distribution in
ductile iron pipe
(DIP) or PVC
Service piping:
copper, PVC,
polybutylene
Antiquated systems
still in service
include: galvanized
steel and transite
(asbestos cement)
Underground Utility
Construction: Water
Line valves provide
isolation to portions
of the main
Corporation stops are
tapped directly into
the main at each
point of service
Curb stop is a valve
at the property line
Underground Utility
Construction:
Electricity
Electric cable can
be:
Direct burial
cable
Placed in metal
or PVC conduit or
ducts
Encased in
concrete
Multiple cables run
in duct banks
Conductors are
Underground Utility
Construction:
Electricity
Cable can be
installed by
trenching
Conduit and pipe
can be installed by
open cut, trenching
(small diameter),
jacking, and
directional boring
Splicing occurs in
manholes, junction
wells, pedestals,
Underground Utility
Construction: Sewerage
Sanitary sewer is
usually gravity flow
but can also be forced
(lift or ejector pump)
Modern pipe is DIP,
PVC, or ABS
Old systems include
terra cotta (clay),
lead
Large systems may be
concrete or brick
structures
Invert elevations are
critical
Underground Utility
Construction: Drainage
Drainage system also
depend on gravity for
flow
Pipe includes RCP,
CMP (galvanized steel
or alum.),
PVC/ABS/polyethylene
Culverts carry storm
or stream flow
Drainage structures
include inlets or
catch basins,
manholes, junction
Underground Utility
Construction: Safety and
Cave in
Hazard
Falls into trenches or excavations
Tripping over equipment
Excavated material or other objects falling on workers
Exposure to underground services or overhead electrical cables
Unstable adjacent structures
Mishandled or poorly placed materials
Hazardous atmosphere (noxious gases/lack of oxygen)
Toxic, irritating or flammable and explosive gases
Incidents involving vehicles and other mobile equipment
Underground Utility
Construction: Safety and
Each employee in anHazard
excavation five feet deep or
deeper shall be protected from cave-ins by an
adequate protective system, unless the
excavation is made entirely in stable rock.
Underground Utility
Construction: Safety and
Hazard
Overhead/Aerial Utility
Construction
Overhead/Aerial Utility
Construction:
Electricity
Supported on poles
or towers
Electric cable
bare or insulated
Primary electric is
3-phase ranging
from 12,000 volts
to 500,000 volts
Current can jump to
objects i.e. crane
or excavator booms
Overhead/Aerial Utility
Construction:
Electricity
Maintain a minimum
10 distance
between equipment
and high voltage
wire
Secondary electric
is used to feed
individual
customers and
street lighting
Service drops are
3-wire aerial
Overhead/Aerial Utility
Construction: Safety and
Hazard
Fall from high point
Material Fall
Overhead power line contact
Electrical Hazard
Overhead Utility
Construction: Safety and
Hazard
Overhead Utility
Construction: Safety and
Layer a minimum of Hazard
three (3) controls to prevent
overhead utility strikes (e.g., multiple control
contingencies or redundancies) and to ensure the
safety of personnel and property in all
instances where activities, including equipment
and vehicle crossings, are taking place
Overhead Utility
Construction: Safety and
Hazard
There are 5 families of control layers utilized
to prevent contact with overhead utility
lines.Use a Dedicated Spotter and at least two
(2) other controls, such as those listed below,
to provide for employee and property protection
from an overhead utility strike.
1. Dedicated Spotter (Always Required)
2. Signage
3. Physical Barriers
4. Proximity Alarms

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